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???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? 11 ????.. ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? . [1] ? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ???? .

????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? 11 ????. ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????. ????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? (Solar Maximum) ?? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? (Solar Minimum). [2]

???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????????
????? ??????? ???????
???? ?????? ?????? [3] 950BC 800BC
???? ???? (???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ) 1040 1080
???? ?????? ?????? (???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ) 1100 1250
???? ???? 1280 1350
???? ???? 1450 1550
???? ?????? ?????? 1645 1715
???? ?????? ?????? 1790 1820
???? ?????? ??????? 1900 ????? ??????

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  1. ^ Moussas? X.? Polygiannakis? J. M.? Preka-Papadema? P.? Exarhos? G. (2005). "Solar cycles: A tutorial" . Advances in Space Research . ?. 35 ?. 5: 725?738. Bibcode : 2005AdSpR..35..725M . DOI : 10.1016/j.asr.2005.03.148 .
  2. ^ Solar Minimum; Solar Maximum ???? ?????? 2017-12-21 ?? Wayback Machine
  3. ^ Celia Martin-Puertas? Katja Matthes? Achim Brauer? Raimund Muscheler? ?????? (2 ????? 2012). "Regional atmospheric circulation shifts induced by a grand solar minimum" . Nature Geoscience . ?. 5 ?. 6: 397?401. Bibcode : 2012NatGe...5..397M . DOI : 10.1038/ngeo1460 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-03-13. {{ ??????? ?????? ????? }} : ?????? ??? ??????? |last-author-amp= ?? ?????? ????? ??????? |name-list-style= ( ?????? )

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أيقونة بذرة

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