???? ???? ????? ?????
????
????? ???????? ???
(1761- ????? 1804) ????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????????? ???? ?? ??? ????????. ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??????????.
[3]
[4]
[5]
??? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????. ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??? 1765? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ????????. ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ????. ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ???? 30 ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? 1793 ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????.
??? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??? 1772 ?? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ??????.
?????? ???????
[
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???? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ??? 1761 ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? (??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ??????) ??? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? 24 ????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????????. ?????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??. ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? 1765 ?? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ????????. ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ??? 1766 ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????.
??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????. ?? ??? ?? ???????? ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? (1762)? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? 1761.
?? ???? ??????
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???? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ????
??? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? 1760? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???. ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????. ???? ????????: "???? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???". ???? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???? 31 ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????????. ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ??????" ???? ????? ??? ????? ? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????: "????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????? ????????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????. ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????. ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? "???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?????" ????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ???: "???? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????. ??? ?????????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????.
??? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? 1772 ????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????:
?? ??? ???????? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????: ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????.
???? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ?????.
??? ???????? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?????. ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??????: ??? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ≪??? ??...???? ????? ?????. ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????≫.
????? ?????????
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?? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? 2007 ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ≪????????? ???? ???????? ?????≫ ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ??? 2014 ?? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????.
?? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??????. ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? 10 ?????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? 100 ???? ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????. ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?????.
????? ??????
[
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???? ???? ??? ?? ??? 1788 ??? ???? ??????? ?????? 1000 ???? ???????? ????????≪?????? ?? ??? ??????≫? ??? ????????? ????? (??? ???? ?? ?????)? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? (?? ?????? 1765)? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? 1783? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??????? (???? ?? ?????) ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? 500 ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?100 ???? ???????? ?????. ?? ??? 1799? ???? ??? ???? 100 ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????.
??? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ???? 10000 ???? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ?????.
??? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ??? 1793? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? 5 ?????? 1793 ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?????: ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? 8 ???? 1795? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?? 26 ????? 1802.
????? ??? ?? ??? 1805 ?? ??? ????? 43 ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????.
???????
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???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???: ????? ????? ???????. ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? (??? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????????) ?? ??? 1810? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? (??? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????). ?? ????? 1836? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????? (????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? 1824). ?? ????? 1837? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? 1847??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????. ??? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ?? 24 ????? 1873.
????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?????. ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? 1870? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???????.
??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? 1975.
????? ?? ????? ???????
[
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????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??? 1779? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ?????????? (???? ?? ????? ?) ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????. ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ?????: ??? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ????????.
???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ??? 2007? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? 1807.
??????? ? ???????? ? ?????????
[
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- ???? ????? ??? (2006) ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? 21 ????? 2006 ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ???????.
- ?????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????- ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ????- ????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? 2007 ???? ?? ???????? ????? 200 ??? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????.
- ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ??? 2008 ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? 1772.
- ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? (?????? ???????? ??????) ?? ???? ??????? ??? 2007 ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? 1783 ????????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ???????.
- ??? (2013) ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ??? 1779? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ????????.
- ???? ????? ?????? (2018)? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????.
????????
[
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]
- ????? ???????? ????? ??? 2013 ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ???.
????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ???: ????? ??????? ?????? ??? (2014) ????? ??? ????? ??? 2013. ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????.
- ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ???? 2016 ????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????.
- ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ???.
???????
[
???
]
"Slavery and Justice at Kenwood House, Part 1" (PDF) ??????? ?????????
Retrieved 12 June 2015
???????? ????? (1981) "The Black Must Be Discharged - The Abolitionists' Debt to Lord Mansfield" ????? ??????? 31 Issue: 3. 1981
https://static1.squarespace.com/static/57ee2b1bb3db2b9bde3a3aa0/t/58488458579fb3be2a5a62aa/1481147487349/Dido+Elizabeth+Belle+at+Kenwood+by+Gene+Adams.pdf
Slavery and Justice Exhibition at Kenwood House
, ??????? ?????????
Retrieved 12 June 2015
????? ???
(1984). "Dido Elizabeth Belle/ A Black Girl at Kenwood/ an account of a protegee of the 1st Lord Mansfield" (PDF).
????? ???????
10?14. Retrieved 16 June 2014
????????? ?????
. "Portrait of woman who inspired "Belle" to be shown"
??????????
Retrieved 17 February 2014
???? ????? ???? "Dido Belle: Britain’s first black aristocrat",
The Telegraph
, 6 June 2014
?????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? (1884),
The diary and letters of His Excellency Thomas Hutchinson : Captain-general and Governor-in-chief of His late Majesty's province of Massachusetts Bay in North America ... compiled from the original documents still remaining in the possession of his descendants
. ????? ????? ??????. ?????: ?????? ??????
????? ???? (1807).
Elements of moral science
?????? ????? ??????????. ?????? : Printed [by Mundell, Doig, and Stevenson] for W. Creech and T. Cadell and W. Davies, London.
Start the Week
,
????? ?? ?? ?? 4
, 14 April 2014
"Dido Elizabeth Belle and The First Earl of Mansfield", ???? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????
???? ????? ?????? Catalogue reference: PROB 11/1324/97: 'Will of The Right Honorable, Lady Margery Murray, Spinster of Twickenham, Middlesex':"...one hundred pounds to Dido Elizabeth Belle, as a token of my regard..." The will was first drafted in 1793 but in a codicil dated 1796 Lady Margery specified that the bequest of ￡100 to Dido "she being now married to Mr. Davinier" was to be "for her separate use and at her disposal".
???? ????? "Belle, Dido Elizabeth (1761??1804)" ????? ??????? ?????? ???????
, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, October 2007
???? ????? "The Search for Dido",
History Today
55, October 2005
????? ???????
A list of the officers of the army, ordnance and medical departments, serving under the presidency of Fort St. George. Presidency of Madras Army. 1822. pp. 75, 114. Retrieved 11 September 2014
The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for British India and Its Dependencies. London: archive org. 1820. p. 52 (Marriages). Retrieved 10 September 2014
Parbury's Oriental Herald and Colonial Intelligencer. London: archive.org. 1837. pp. 59 & 117 (Appointments...Changes etc.: Military). Retrieved 11 September 2014
Madras Service Army List, 1847 ? 1859, Sig. IOR/L/MIL/11/61/48". National Archives. Retrieved 11 September 2014
????? ??????? ???????
? (Index to) Wills and Probate 1858-1996. The probate record index describes him as "Charles Daviniere...Lieutenant Colonel in Her Majesty's Army" and names his widow Hannah as his executrix
The Girl in the Picture",
Inside Out: Abolition of the British Slave Trade special
,
?? ?? ?? ??????
? 2 March 2007
"A Double Whodunnit".
Fake or Fortune?
. BBC. Retrieved 5 February 2019
????? ??????
(5 May 2014). "Taking a few liberties with the real story of 'Belle'". USA Today. Retrieved 16 September 2016
Biography, Abigail Kelly Soprano
https://www.amazon.co.uk/Justice-Maureen-Hicks-Suchitra-Chatterjee/dp/B009ANMK2O
^
Mixed Blessings Theatre Group
"African Cargo, An | By Margaret Busby", Black Plays Archive, ?????? ?????? ??????
????? ????????? "Say It Loud" Archived 14 July 2014 at the
??? ??? ????
(review of
An African Cargo
), 1 September 2007, Nitro Music Theatre website
"Guildhall, Gresham Street", London: Centre of the Slave Trade, ??????? ?????????
"The Guildhall", ???? ????
?????? ????? "Belle: An Unexpected Journey" Archived 17 April 2015 at the
??? ??? ????
? Nitro, 13 June 2014
??????? ??????
Family Likeness
(published by Hutchinson, 2013; Windmill, 2014). Caitlin Davies website
???? ?????
Belle: The True Story of Dido Belle
, Harper Audiobooks, 2014. Retrieved 28 June 2014
????? ??????
[
???
]
●
Slavery And Justice: Lord Mansfield And Dido Belle At Kenwood
, Untold London, 2007
●
Slavery and Justice exhibition at Kenwood House
, on Mansfield and Dido.
● Historic England leaflet,
Slavery and Justice:
????? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? Part 1, Part 2
● Paula Byrne,
Belle: The True Story of Dido Belle
, Harper Collins, 2014.
ISBN
9780007542727
● "Inside Out: Abolition of the British Slave Trade special", BBC London, 24 September 2014
● Article on discovering Dido, ???? ????????
,
February 2014