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^ ???? ???? ?????? (2018). ???? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????: ??????? - ???? ???? ??????? (???????? ???????????) (?. 1). ?????: ????? ????? ?????? . ?. 120. ISBN : 978-9953-33-197-3 . OCLC : 1043304467 . OL : 19871709M . QID : Q12244028 .
^ ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? (???????? ??????????? ?????????)? ???????: ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ? 1980? ?. 94? OCLC : 863546359 ? QID : Q123593339
^ "??????? ?? ??? ??? ???? babelnet.org" . babelnet.org. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-18.
^ "??????? ?? ??? ??? ???? hls-dhs-dss.ch" . hls-dhs-dss.ch. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-02.
^ "??????? ?? ??? ??? ???? europeanafashion.eu" . europeanafashion.eu. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-12-15.

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[1] ???? ???? ?????? (2018). ???? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????: ??????? - ???? ???? ??????? (???????? ???????????) (?. 1). ?????: ????? ????? ?????? . ?. 120. ISBN : 978-9953-33-197-3 . OCLC : 1043304467 . OL : 19871709M . QID : Q12244028 .

[2] ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? (???????? ??????????? ?????????)? ???????: ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ? 1980? ?. 94? OCLC : 863546359 ? QID : Q123593339

[3] "??????? ?? ??? ??? ???? babelnet.org" . babelnet.org. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-18.

[4] "??????? ?? ??? ??? ???? hls-dhs-dss.ch" . hls-dhs-dss.ch. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-02.

[5] "??????? ?? ??? ??? ???? europeanafashion.eu" . europeanafashion.eu. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-12-15.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

????? ?????

? ? ? ????? ???????
?????	Bolton analysis ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? (????????????) Dentition analysis ??? ???? ??????? Little's Irregularity Index ??? ????? ??????? Scissor Bite Standard anatomical position ???? ??????? ??? ??????
?????	????? ????? Openbite ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? Maxillary hypoplasia Condylar hyperplasia ????? ?????? (???? ????)
?????	ACCO appliance Archwire Activator appliance Bionator appliance ???? ????? Damon system ?????? (????? ???????) ^{[???? ????]}‏ Frankel appliance ????? ??????? ?????? Lingual arch Lip Bumper List of Orthodontic Functional Appliances List of palatal expanders Lingual braces ???? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? Orthodontic spacer Palatal lift prosthesis ???? ???? Quad helix ????? ?????? SureSmile Self-ligating braces Splint activator Twin Block Appliance
???????	Accelerated orthodontic treatment ??????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? Interproximal reduction ??? Molar distalization SARPE Serial extraction
????	????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? Timolium Elgiloy ??? ????? ????
???? ?????????	?????? ???? Spencer Atkinson Clifford Ballard Raymond Begg ???? ????? Samir Bishara Arne Bjork ?????? ?????? Holly Broadbent Sr. ???? ????? ?????? ??????? Peter Buschang ????? ??? Harold Chapman (Orthodontist) David Di Biase Jean Delaire ???? ???????? William B. Downs John Nutting Farrar Rolf Frankel Sheldon Friel Thomas M. Graber Charles A. Hawley Reed Holdaway John Hooper (Orthodontist) Joseph Jarabak Harold Kesling Albert Ketcham Juri Kurol Craven Kurz Benno Lischer James A. McNamara Birte Melsen ????? ????? Hayes Nance ???????? ????? George Northcroft Dean Harold Noyes Frederick Bogue Noyes Albin Oppenheim Herbert A. Pullen Earl W. Renfroe Robert M. Ricketts ?????? ????? Ronald Roth Everett Shapiro Frederick Lester Stanton Earl Emanuel Shepard ????? ?????? ^{[???? ????]}‏ David L. Turpin Charles H. Tweed Katherine Vig Edmund H. Wuerpel Won-Sik Yang
??????	American Association of Orthodontists American Board of Orthodontics British Orthodontic Society Canadian Association of Orthodontists Indian Orthodontic Society Italian Academy of Orthodontic Technology Society for Orthodontic Dental Technology (Germany)
?????	American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics The Angle Orthodontist Journal of Orthodontics
?????	Angle School of Orthodontia
?????	SmileDirectClub SureSmile