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???? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????. ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????.

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????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????. ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???????. ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????.

???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????. ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?? 1 ???? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? 1 ???? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? 1 ???? ???? ???? ??????? ???????. ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????. ^[1]

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???? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????. ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ?????????? ???. ????? ??????? ?????? 82 ? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???????. ^[2] ????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????. ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????.

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?? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????. ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????. ??? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????. ^[3]

???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????. ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????????????? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?? 6000 ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? 1 ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???????.

??? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????.

????? ????????? [ ??? ]

??? ??? 1991 ??? ????? ??? [ ??? ]

?????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????/?????? ?? ??? 1995 ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????. ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????????. ???? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????. ????? ????? ??? ????/???? ?? ??? 2007 ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ????? 11 ?????. ???? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????? 1.5 ????? ???????.

????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ?????????? ??????? ???????. ????? ?????? ??? 12 ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????????. ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????/????? ?? ??? 1998 ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????. ^[4]

???????? ??????????? [ ??? ]

???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ????? ??????. ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?? 5 ??? 16 ??/????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? 15 ? 40 ??/?????. ^[5]^[6] ??? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? 40 ??? 60 ??/?????.

??????? [ ??? ]

^ Vourlidas? A.? J. A. Klimchuk? C. M. Korendyke? T. D. Tarbell? B. N. Handy (2001). "On the correlation between coronal and lower transition region structures at arcsecond scales". Astrophysical Journal . ?. 563 ?. 1: 374?380. Bibcode : 2001ApJ...563..374V . CiteSeerX : 10.1.1.512.1861 . DOI : 10.1086/323835 .
^ Aschwanden? M. J. (2001). "An evaluation of coronal heating models for Active Regions based on Yohkoh, SOHO, and TRACE observations". Astrophysical Journal . ?. 560 ?. 2: 1035?1044. Bibcode : 2001ApJ...560.1035A . DOI : 10.1086/323064 .
^ Litwin? C.? R. Rosner (1993). "On the structure of solar and stellar coronae ? Loops and loop heat transport". Astrophysical Journal . ?. 412: 375?385. Bibcode : 1993ApJ...412..375L . DOI : 10.1086/172927 .
^ Aschwanden? M. J. (2002). "Observations and models of coronal loops: From Yohkoh to TRACE, in Magnetic coupling of the solar atmosphere". ?. 188: 1?9. {{ ??????? ?????? ????? }}: ????????? ?????? ????? ???? |????? ?????= ( ?????? )
^ Spadaro? D.? A. C. Lanzafame? L. Consoli? E. Marsch? D. H. Brooks? J. Lang (2000). "Structure and dynamics of an active region loop system observed on the solar disc with SUMER on SOHO". Astronomy & Astrophysics . ?. 359: 716?728.
^ Winebarger? A. R.? H. Warren? A. van Ballegooijen? E. E. DeLuca? L. Golub (2002). "Steady flows detected in extreme-ultraviolet loops". Astrophysical Journal Letters . ?. 567 ?. 1: L89?L92. Bibcode : 2002ApJ...567L..89W . DOI : 10.1086/339796 .

???? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? :

??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????.

[1] Vourlidas? A.? J. A. Klimchuk? C. M. Korendyke? T. D. Tarbell? B. N. Handy (2001). "On the correlation between coronal and lower transition region structures at arcsecond scales". Astrophysical Journal . ?. 563 ?. 1: 374?380. Bibcode : 2001ApJ...563..374V . CiteSeerX : 10.1.1.512.1861 . DOI : 10.1086/323835 .

[2] Aschwanden? M. J. (2001). "An evaluation of coronal heating models for Active Regions based on Yohkoh, SOHO, and TRACE observations". Astrophysical Journal . ?. 560 ?. 2: 1035?1044. Bibcode : 2001ApJ...560.1035A . DOI : 10.1086/323064 .

[3] Litwin? C.? R. Rosner (1993). "On the structure of solar and stellar coronae ? Loops and loop heat transport". Astrophysical Journal . ?. 412: 375?385. Bibcode : 1993ApJ...412..375L . DOI : 10.1086/172927 .

[4] Aschwanden? M. J. (2002). "Observations and models of coronal loops: From Yohkoh to TRACE, in Magnetic coupling of the solar atmosphere". ?. 188: 1?9. {{ ??????? ?????? ????? }}: ????????? ?????? ????? ???? |????? ?????= ( ?????? )

[5] Spadaro? D.? A. C. Lanzafame? L. Consoli? E. Marsch? D. H. Brooks? J. Lang (2000). "Structure and dynamics of an active region loop system observed on the solar disc with SUMER on SOHO". Astronomy & Astrophysics . ?. 359: 716?728.

[6] Winebarger? A. R.? H. Warren? A. van Ballegooijen? E. E. DeLuca? L. Golub (2002). "Steady flows detected in extreme-ultraviolet loops". Astrophysical Journal Letters . ?. 567 ?. 1: L89?L92. Bibcode : 2002ApJ...567L..89W . DOI : 10.1086/339796 .

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