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??????	????? 501 ?.?? 1 ?.?
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????? ????? ????? ( ??????????? : La Tene culture )? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? . ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? (??? ????? 450 ??? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???????)? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????????? ^[1] ?????? ????????. ^[2]

?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ^[3] ????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ^[4] ???????? ^[5] ????????????? (??? ???????) ???????? ?????????? (??? ????????). ^[6] ????? ???? ????????????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ???. ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? .

???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ???????. ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????. ^[7]

?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? 1857. ^[8] ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????. ^[9]

??????? ??????? [ ??? ]

????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? (????) ??????? ?????? (????). ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ???????? ???????????.

????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????????? (????? ??????). ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????. ^[10]

?? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????. ???? ???? ???????? ??????? - ??????? -?? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??????. ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????. ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?????????. ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??????. ^[11]

???? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????. ?? ????? ???? ?? ????? ? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ≪???? ????≫ ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???????. ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????. ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ???????. ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ≪???? ????? ?????≫ ?? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????????.

??????????? [ ??? ]

??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ???????. ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???????.

?? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??: ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????. ??? ????? ???????? ?????????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? (?????? ?? ????? ?????) ????? (?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????). ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???????: ≪????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????≫. ^[12]

?? ????? ????? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????. ??????? ?????? ??? (2004) ??? ?? ????? ?????? ≪?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????≫.

????? [ ??? ]

^ Sarunas Milisauskas, European Prehistory: a survey , p. 354 ???? ?????? 2020-05-09 ?? Wayback Machine
^ Venceslas Kruta, La grande storia dei Celti. La nascita, l'affermazione, la decadenza , (Newton & Compton), Roma, 2003 ( ???? 978-88-8289-851-9 ), a translation of Les Celtes, histoire et dictionnaire. Des origines a la romanisation et au christianisme , Robert Laffont, Paris, 2000, without the dictionary
^ "Manufatti in ferro di tipo La Tene in area italiana : le potenzialita non sfruttate" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2015-09-24.
^ The La Tene culture was present in the southwestern part of Slovakia, bordering on or overlapping with the Puchov culture of north/central Slovakia.
^ Croatia was part of the Eastern Hallstatt zone, and the ???????? of classical antiquity were culturally influenced both by Celtic (La Tene) and by Hellenistic culture.
^ G. Kazakevich, "The La Tene culture of the Trans-Carpathian area: Is the migration model still relevant?", UDK 94(477.87:364): "The only region of the present day Ukraine where the La Tene sites are sufficiently widespread is the Trans-Carpathian area which lies south-westwards of the Carpathian mountains."
^ Garrow, Ch 1 and 2
^ Or just "La Tene" in English. More rarely also spelt "Latene" (especially in French adjectival forms) or "La-Tene". In German Latenezeit or La-Tene-Zeit equate to "La Tene culture"
^ Megaw, 9-16; Green, 11-17
^ Harding, D. W. The Archaeology of Celtic Art . New York: Routledge, 2007; other schemes of classification are available, indeed more popular; see Vincent Megaw in Garrow
^ Megaw, chapters 2-5; Laing, chapter 3
^ Pearson? Lionel (1934). "Herodotus on the Source of the Danube" . Classical Philology . ?. 29 ?. 4: 328?337. DOI : 10.1086/361781 .

?? ????? ??? ?????? ??: ????? ?????

[1] Sarunas Milisauskas, European Prehistory: a survey , p. 354 ???? ?????? 2020-05-09 ?? Wayback Machine

[2] Venceslas Kruta, La grande storia dei Celti. La nascita, l'affermazione, la decadenza , (Newton & Compton), Roma, 2003 ( ???? 978-88-8289-851-9 ), a translation of Les Celtes, histoire et dictionnaire. Des origines a la romanisation et au christianisme , Robert Laffont, Paris, 2000, without the dictionary

[3] "Manufatti in ferro di tipo La Tene in area italiana : le potenzialita non sfruttate" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2015-09-24.

[4] The La Tene culture was present in the southwestern part of Slovakia, bordering on or overlapping with the Puchov culture of north/central Slovakia.

[5] Croatia was part of the Eastern Hallstatt zone, and the ???????? of classical antiquity were culturally influenced both by Celtic (La Tene) and by Hellenistic culture.

[6] G. Kazakevich, "The La Tene culture of the Trans-Carpathian area: Is the migration model still relevant?", UDK 94(477.87:364): "The only region of the present day Ukraine where the La Tene sites are sufficiently widespread is the Trans-Carpathian area which lies south-westwards of the Carpathian mountains."

[7] Garrow, Ch 1 and 2

[8] Or just "La Tene" in English. More rarely also spelt "Latene" (especially in French adjectival forms) or "La-Tene". In German Latenezeit or La-Tene-Zeit equate to "La Tene culture"

[9] Megaw, 9-16; Green, 11-17

[10] Harding, D. W. The Archaeology of Celtic Art . New York: Routledge, 2007; other schemes of classification are available, indeed more popular; see Vincent Megaw in Garrow

[11] Megaw, chapters 2-5; Laing, chapter 3

[12] Pearson? Lionel (1934). "Herodotus on the Source of the Danube" . Classical Philology . ?. 29 ?. 4: 328?337. DOI : 10.1086/361781 .

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