???? ????????

???? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????? ???. ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? (1884) ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????. ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? . ^[1] ????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????. ^[2]^[3]

???? ???? [ ??? ]

???? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? (??????) ???????????? ????????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????????. ^[4] ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????????? ???? ??? ????????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????. ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ???????? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????????? ???? ???? ???? ????????. ^[5]

???? ???????? ???????? [ ??? ]

??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ≪??????≫. ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ????? 1857 ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????. ^[6] ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????. ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??? 1868 ???? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ????????????: ????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????. ^[7]

??? ???? ????????? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ????????. ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ????. ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????????. ^[8]^[9] ??? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????. ?? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????. ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ≪????? ???? ???? ????≫. ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????. ^[8] ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????. ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ???????. ^[10]

????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? 1884 ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???????????. ????? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????????. ^[11]^[12]^[13] ????? ???????? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ????? ?????????. ??? ???? ????? ????????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ≪?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????≫? ???? ??????? ? ??? ???? ≪????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???????≫. ^[14]

?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??? 1884 A Rebours (???????????? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ??????)? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ????. ??? ??? ???????? ????????? ??????? ???? ???? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???: ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????. ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ≪????? ???????≫ ?????????? ≪??? ????≫ ?????? ≪??????? ???????? ????????≫.

?? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????. ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?????. ?? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????. ??? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????????????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????. ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????. ^[15]

???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? Le Decadent ??? 1886? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????. ?? ????? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ?????????.

?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ? Le Decadent ? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???????. ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ????????? ??? ??????? ???????. ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????????. ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????. ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? Le Decadent ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????.

??????? [ ??? ]

^ Dictionary of Critical Theory - Oxford Reference, pp.113-114
^ Kearns? James (1989). Symbolist Landscapes: The Place of Painting in the Poetry and Criticism of Mallarme and His Circle . MHRA. ?. 15 . ISBN : 094762323X .
^ Huysmans? Joris-Karl (1922). Against the Grain . Lieber & Lewis. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2010-07-13 – ??? Project Gutenberg.
^ Montesqieu? Charles-Louis de Secondat (1965). Considerations on the Causes of the Greatness of the Romans and their Decline . Translated by David Lowenthal. The Free Press, New York. Collier-Macmillan, London. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-02-12 – ??? Constitution Society.
^ Desmarais? Jane (2013). "Perfume Clouds: Olfaction, Memory, and Desire in Arthur Symon's London Nights (1895)". Economies of Desire at the Victorian Fin de Siecle: Libidinal Lives . Edited by Jane Ford, Kim Edwards Keates, Patricia Pulham: 62?82.
^ Calinescu? Matei (1987). Five Faces of Modernity: Modernism, Avant-garde, Decadence, Kitsch, Postmodernism . Duke University.
^ Gautier? Theophile (1868). "Charles Baudelaire". Les Fleurs du Mal . Collection authored by Charles Baudelaire – ??? WikiSource (France).
^ ^? ^? Huneker? James (1909). Egoists, a Book of Supermen: Stendahl, Baudelaire, Flaubert, Anatole France, Huysmans, Barres, Nietzsche, Blake, Ibsen, Stirner, and Ernest Hello . ISBN : 0404105254 – ??? Kindle Edition.
^ Classen? Constance (1998). The Colour of Angels: Cosmology, Gender and the Aesthetic Imaginatio . Routledge. ISBN : 0415180740 .
^ Symons? Arthur (1920). Charles Baudelaire: A Study . Eklin Matthews – ??? Gutenberg Project.
^ Stephan? Philip (1974). Paul Verlaine and the Decadence, 1882-90 . Manchester University Press ND. ISBN : 978-0-7190-0562-6 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-02-14 . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-02-18 .
^ A Chronology ???? ?????? 2018-06-06 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ., retrieved December 24, 2009
^ David Weir (1995). Decadence and the Making of Modernism . Univ of Massachusetts Press. ?. 16. ISBN : 978-0-87023-992-2 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-02-19 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-04-16 .
^ Symons? Arthur (1893). "The Decadent Movement in Literature" . Harpers.org . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-03-16 . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-02-18 .
^ Valazza? Nicolas (2010). "The Flower and the Monster: On Huysmans' Painters". The Beautiful and the Monstrous: Essays in French Literature, Thought and Culture . Modern French Identities. Edited by Amaleena Damle and Aurelie L'Hostis: 96 – ??? Google Books.

???? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? :

[1] Dictionary of Critical Theory - Oxford Reference, pp.113-114

[:5-2] Kearns? James (1989). Symbolist Landscapes: The Place of Painting in the Poetry and Criticism of Mallarme and His Circle . MHRA. ?. 15 . ISBN : 094762323X .

[:1-3] Huysmans? Joris-Karl (1922). Against the Grain . Lieber & Lewis. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2010-07-13 – ??? Project Gutenberg.

[4] Montesqieu? Charles-Louis de Secondat (1965). Considerations on the Causes of the Greatness of the Romans and their Decline . Translated by David Lowenthal. The Free Press, New York. Collier-Macmillan, London. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-02-12 – ??? Constitution Society.

[5] Desmarais? Jane (2013). "Perfume Clouds: Olfaction, Memory, and Desire in Arthur Symon's London Nights (1895)". Economies of Desire at the Victorian Fin de Siecle: Libidinal Lives . Edited by Jane Ford, Kim Edwards Keates, Patricia Pulham: 62?82.

[:2-6] Calinescu? Matei (1987). Five Faces of Modernity: Modernism, Avant-garde, Decadence, Kitsch, Postmodernism . Duke University.

[7] Gautier? Theophile (1868). "Charles Baudelaire". Les Fleurs du Mal . Collection authored by Charles Baudelaire – ??? WikiSource (France).

[:72-8] ? ^? Huneker? James (1909). Egoists, a Book of Supermen: Stendahl, Baudelaire, Flaubert, Anatole France, Huysmans, Barres, Nietzsche, Blake, Ibsen, Stirner, and Ernest Hello . ISBN : 0404105254 – ??? Kindle Edition.

[9] Classen? Constance (1998). The Colour of Angels: Cosmology, Gender and the Aesthetic Imaginatio . Routledge. ISBN : 0415180740 .

[10] Symons? Arthur (1920). Charles Baudelaire: A Study . Eklin Matthews – ??? Gutenberg Project.

[Stephan1974-11] Stephan? Philip (1974). Paul Verlaine and the Decadence, 1882-90 . Manchester University Press ND. ISBN : 978-0-7190-0562-6 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-02-14 . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-02-18 .

[12] A Chronology ???? ?????? 2018-06-06 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ., retrieved December 24, 2009

[Weir1995-13] David Weir (1995). Decadence and the Making of Modernism . Univ of Massachusetts Press. ?. 16. ISBN : 978-0-87023-992-2 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-02-19 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-04-16 .

[:0-14] Symons? Arthur (1893). "The Decadent Movement in Literature" . Harpers.org . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-03-16 . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-02-18 .

[15] Valazza? Nicolas (2010). "The Flower and the Monster: On Huysmans' Painters". The Beautiful and the Monstrous: Essays in French Literature, Thought and Culture . Modern French Identities. Edited by Amaleena Damle and Aurelie L'Hostis: 96 – ??? Google Books.

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