한국   대만   중국   일본 
???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? 2007 - ????????? ????? ??? ???????

???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? 2007

هذه المقالة يتيمة. ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالة متعلقة بها
?? ?????????? ???????? ?????
???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? 2007
 
??????? ???? property ??? ?????.
????? 29 ????? 2007  تعديل قيمة خاصية (P580) في ويكي بيانات
????? 30 ????? 2007  تعديل قيمة خاصية (P582) في ويكي بيانات
????? ???????? ???????   تعديل قيمة خاصية (P17) في ويكي بيانات
?????? 48°25′05″N 101°20′42″W  /  48.4181°N 101.345°W  / 48.4181; -101.345   تعديل قيمة خاصية (P625) في ويكي بيانات
خريطة
????? ????? - ?????   طالع توثيق القالب


???? ??????? ????? ?? 52 "B-52" ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? 2007.

??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? 2007 ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? "Minot Air Force Base¨ ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? "Barksdale Air Force Base" ?? ???? 19 ?30 ?? ??? ????? ??? 2007? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? 129 "AGM 129"? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? "B-52H" ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ????????? ????? ????????? ???? 36 ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????. [1]

?? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?????????? ???? ≪????? ???????≫? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? .

???? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?? 19 ?????? 2007? ?????? ????????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????? ? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? .

????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????? ≪?????? ??????≫ "Blue Ribbon"? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????????. ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ≪????? ????≫ ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ≪????? ?????≫? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? 2008? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ? ?? ??? ?????? ??? 2008? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? .

????? ?? ?????? [ ??? ]

?? 7 ????? 2007? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ????????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ????????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ????????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ???. [2]

???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? B-52 ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????????. [3] ?????? ???????????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? "AGM-129". [4]

????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? AGM-129.

??? ????? ?????? ???? AGM-129 ??? 1987 ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? "W80"? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? B-1? ?? ????? ????? ?????? AGM-129 ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? B-1 ????????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? . [5] ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ? ?? ??? ???? 2007? ?????? ?? ?????? AGM-129 ?? ????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ? ?????????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? 86 "AGM-68". [6] ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ??? ?????? AGM-129 ???????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? B-52 ?? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ????????? ???? ?????? 29 ????? 2007? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? AGM-129 ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ???????. [7]

?????? [ ??? ]

?? ??? 29 ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???????? ? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? AGM-129 ?????? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???????? ? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ???? AGM-129? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ??????? B-52 ?? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ???. [8] ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? ????????? ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ??????. ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ??? ????????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ????????. [9]

????? ?????? AGM-129 ??? ???? B-52 ?? ????? ?????

??????? ?? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? B-52 ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????. [10] ??? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? "AGM-129"? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ????? "B-52" ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????. [11] ????? ??????? "B-52" ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? 36 ???? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????. [12]

???? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ??????.

????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ≪????? ????????≫? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????. ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ? ?? ??? 30 ????? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??????. [13] ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ≪???? ???? ?? ???? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????≫. [14]

?? ??? ?????? [ ??? ]

?? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????? [ ??? ]

?? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ? ????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ≪?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????????.≫ ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? "Military Times Newspaper"? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??? 2007. [15] ????????? ???? ??????? ??? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????. ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? 25 ????? ?? ????????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????. ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??????. [16]

???? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? 19 ?????? 2007.

?? 19 ?????? 2007? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ????????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ≪??? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ????????? ????????≫ ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ????????. [17] ?? ????? ????? ?? ????????? ????? "Emig" ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ??????"Cynthia Lundell" ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ????????? "Todd Westhauser" ???? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????????. [18] ? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ????????? ????????. ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???????. [19] ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? "Norman Seip"? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??????. [20] ????? ???? "Gates" ???? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ???? "Larry Welch"? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? "Blue Ribbon Review" ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???? ???? "Polly Peyer"? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????. [21] ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? . [22]

????????? ???? ????? "Joel Westa" ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????.

??? 24 ?????? 2007? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? AGM-129 ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? 1 ?????? 2007 ???? ?????? ???? ???? "Joel Westa" ????? ???? ??????? ??????? [23] ??? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????. [24]

?????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????"A Nuclear Surety Inspection (NSI) ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? 23 ????? 2008? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? 16 ?????? 2007? [25] ??? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?? 29 ???? 2008? ???? ????? "Corely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

?????? ???????? [ ??? ]

???? ???? (1994)

??? ????? ?? ???? "Welch" ????? "Peyer" ????????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? 12 ?????? 2008. ????????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? "Daniel Darnell" ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ???? ?????? ?????? "Raaberg" ???????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ???? "?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??????." ?????? "??? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ?????. [29] ??????? ????? ???? "Welch" ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????????." ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? "Welch" ????? "Peyer" ?? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????". [30] ????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? "Darnell" ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ≪?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????????.≫ [31]

?????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ?? ???????? [ ??? ]

??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? 17 ???? 2008? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? "Defence Threat Reduction Agency"? ??? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????? "USAF's Air Combat Command". ??? 25 ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ≪??? ?????≫? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???????. ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ????? "Westa" ≪?? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???????≫. [32] ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? "John Worley" ?????????? ?????? ???? "Stephen Weaver" ?? 16 ????? 2008. [33] ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??. ??? ???? ??????? "Hans Kristensen" ???? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? "???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? "Whiteman" ?????? ??????? [34] ??? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? 15 ????? 2008. [33]

????? ???? "Robert Gates"

?? 5 ????? ???? ????? ???? "Robert Gates" ????? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? "MK-12" ???? ????? ??? ??????. ????? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? "Kirkland Donald"? ???? ??????? ????????? ? ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ≪?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ≫ICBM≪. ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? 2007? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????≫? ??? ≪??????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? 2007 ???? ??? (??????) ??????.≫ ???? ?????? "Donald" ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ≪????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?????. ???? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??????≫. [35] ??????? ???????? ???? ???? "Gates" ?? ≪????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ????≫ ???? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ???? "Micheal Wynne" ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? "Micheal Moseley". ???? ???? "Gates" ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??????? "James Schlesinger" ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????????. ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????. [36] ?? 13 ?????? 2008? ???? ???? "Gates" ???????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? "Schlesinger" ??? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? . ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????. ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ?????. ???????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?? 1500 ? 2000 ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???? "Gates" ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ????? "Michael Donley" ??????? ?????? "Norton Schwartz" ???? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????. [37] ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ≪????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???.≫ [38] ?? 25 ?????? 2008? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????. ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ???????. ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? "UCMJ"? ?????? ??? ≪?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ???≫ ?? ??? ????????? ????. ≪????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????≫ [39] ??? ??????? ????? ??????? "Kevin Sullivan" ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ????????? ? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? 2008. ???? ??????? ????? ???? "Michael Hamel" ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? 2008. ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? "Roger Burg"? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????"Kathleen Close"? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? "Ogden Air Logistics Center"? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? "Francis Bruno" ???? ???? ???? ????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? "Arthur Cameron" ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ???????. [40] ?? ?????? 2008? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? 241 ?? ????? ????????? "Malmstrom" ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? 90 ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? "F. E. Warren". [41] ?? ?????? 2009 ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???????? "Kirtland" ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? 377? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? "Michael S. Duvall"? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? 498? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? "Richard M. Stuckey". [42] ?? 30 ?????? 2009? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? "Floyd L. Carpenter"? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? "Westa" ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? "Carpenter" ??? ?? ????? ????? "Westa" ?? ????? ???? ≪??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? 69.≫ [43] ?? 8 ????? 2009 ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????. ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????. ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????. [44] ???? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ≪???? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????.≫ [45]

???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? "Michael Donley" ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? 24 ?????? 2008.

?? 24 ?????? 2008? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? "Michael Donley"? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??????. ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? 2009. ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????. ??????? ????? ???????? "Barksdale" ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????. [46] ? [47] ? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????????. [48]

??????? [ ??? ]

  1. ^ US Air Force, "Unauthorized Transfer of Nuclear Warheads"
  2. ^ Ricks, "Tough Punishment Expected for Warhead Errors", Baker, "Air Force Relieves Commanders Involved in Nuclear Weapons Incident," Air Force Link, "General Ronald E. Keys".
  3. ^ USAF, Minot Air Force Base 5th Bomb Wing Mission
  4. ^ Warrick, Missteps in the Bunker.
  5. ^ Parsch, Andreas, AGM-129
  6. ^ , Pincus, "4 Colonels Lose Their Air Force
  7. ^ Parsch, Andreas, AGM-129, Warrick, Missteps in the Bunker.
  8. ^ USDoD, "DoD Press Briefing with Maj. Gen. Newton", Hoffman
  9. ^ Warrick, "Missteps in the Bunker", USDoD, "DoD Press Briefing with Maj. Gen. Newton", Hoffman, "Wing decertified, COs sacked for nuke mistake", Pincus, "4 Colonels Lose Their Air Force Commands", Defense Science Board, "Report on Unauthorized Movement of Nuclear Weapons".
  10. ^ Pincus, "4 Colonels Lose Their Air Force Commands", Hoffman, "Wing decertified, COs sacked for nuke mistake", Warrick, "Missteps in the Bunker", USDoD, "DoD Press Briefing with Maj. Gen. Newton", Defense Science Board, "Report on Unauthorized Movement of Nuclear Weapons".
  11. ^ Warrick, "Missteps in the Bunker", Hoffman, "Wing decertified, COs sacked for nuke mistake", USDoD, "DoD Press Briefing with Maj. Gen. Newton", Pincus, "4 Colonels Lose Their Air Force Commands".
  12. ^ Warrick, "Missteps in the Bunker", USDoD, "DoD Press Briefing with Maj. Gen. Newton", Hoffman, "Wing decertified, COs sacked for nuke mistake".
  13. ^ Gilmore, " Air Force Investigates Alleged Nuke Transfer, Pentagon Spokesman Says".
  14. ^ Ricks, "Tough Punishment Expected for Warhead Errors", Warrick, "Missteps in the Bunker"
  15. ^ Warrick, "Missteps in the Bunker"
  16. ^ Dorfner, "After four decades, General Keys calls it a career", Gilmore, "Air Force Investigates Alleged Nuke Transfer, Pentagon Spokesman Says," Randolph, "Air Force releases B-52 munitions transfer investigation results", Warrick, "Missteps in the Bunker", USDoD, "DoD Press Briefing with Maj. Gen. Newton", USAF, "General Corley takes command of ACC", Hoffman, "Generals grilled on Minot nuclear mishap".
  17. ^ USDoD, "DoD Press Briefing with Maj. Gen. Newton".
  18. ^ Holmes, "Minot bomb wing gets new commander Thursday", Hoffman, Michael, "Minot Nuke Handlers Still Not Ready For Inspection", Military Times, 14 January 2008.
  19. ^ Randolph, "Air Force releases B-52 munitions transfer investigation results", Hoffman, "Wing decertified, COs sacked for nuke mistake", "Baker, "Air Force Relieves Commanders Involved in Nuclear Weapons Incident," USDoD, "DoD Press Briefing with Maj. Gen. Newton", Pincus, "4 Colonels Lose Their Air Force Commands", Randolph, "Air Force releases B-52 munitions transfer investigation results".
  20. ^ Starr, "Air Force officers relieved of duty over loose nukes", USDoD, "DoD Press Briefing with Maj. Gen. Newton, Hoffman, Michael, "Minot Nuke Handlers Still Not Ready For Inspection", Military Times, 14 January 2008.
  21. ^ USDoD, "DoD Press Briefing with Maj. Gen. Newton", Hoffman, "237 nuke handling deficiencies cited since 2001".
  22. ^ Pincus, "4 Colonels Lose Their Air Force Commands", USDoD, "DoD Press Briefing with Maj. Gen. Newton", Baker, "Air Force Relieves Commanders Involved in Nuclear Weapons Incident", Hoffman, "Wing decertified, COs sacked for nuke mistake", Hoffman, "Generals grilled on Minot nuclear mishap", Spiegel, "U.S. Nuclear Focus Has Dimmed, Studies Find".
  23. ^ Holmes, "Minot bomb wing gets new commander Thursday"
  24. ^ Air Force Link, "General Ronald E. Keys".
  25. ^ Hoffman, Michael, "Minot Nuke Handlers Still Not Ready For Inspection", Military Times, 14 January 2008, MacPherson, "Minot chief sets bar high after nuke gaffe".
  26. ^ Hoffman, Michael, "Minot bomb wing recertified for nukes", Military Times, 4 April 2008; Los Angeles Times, "Bomb Wing Recertified", 4 April 2008.
  27. ^ Pincus, "Air Force Alters Rules for Handling of Nuclear Arms", Hoffman, "New nuke-handling procedures issued".
  28. ^ Barnes, Julian E., "Better Oversight of Nuclear Arms Urged", Los Angeles Times, 26 November 2008, p. 8.
  29. ^ Spiegel, "U.S. Nuclear Focus Has Dimmed, Studies Find".
  30. ^ Spiegel, "U.S. Nuclear Focus Has Dimmed, Studies Find", Hoffman, "Generals grilled on Minot nuclear mishap", Defense Science Board, "Report on Unauthorized Movement of Nuclear Weapons".
  31. ^ Spiegel, "U.S. Nuclear Focus Has Dimmed, Studies Find", Defense Science Board, "Report on Unauthorized Movement of Nuclear Weapons".
  32. ^ Hoffman, "Minot's 5th Bomb Wing flunks nuclear inspection"
  33. ^ ? ? Hoffman, "Minot nuke handlers pass re-inspection"
  34. ^ Associated Press, "Air Force wing in nuclear goof has more trouble", Hoffman, "Minot's 5th Bomb Wing flunks nuclear inspection"
  35. ^ US DoD, "DoD News Briefing with Secretary Gates from the Pentagon", Military Times, "Moseley and Wynne forced out", Shanker, "2 Leaders Ousted From Air Force in Atomic Errors".
  36. ^ US DoD, "DoD News Briefing with Secretary Gates from the Pentagon", 5 June 2008, Military Times, "Moseley and Wynne forced out", Shanker, "2 Leaders Ousted From Air Force in Atomic Errors".
  37. ^ "Unified Nuclear Command Urged". The Washington Post. 13 September 2008. Retrieved 22 September 2008.
  38. ^ "Panel Urges Air Force to Unify Nuclear Command". The New York Times. 13 September 2008. Retrieved 22 September 2008.
  39. ^ The Associated Press. "Military cites poor oversight in mistaken shipment of warheads to Taiwan". MSNBC, Thurs., 25 Sep 2008, http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/26892774/ ; accessed 26 September 2008. ???? ?????? 22 ????? 2015 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  40. ^ Rolfsen, Bruce, "Not Above Reproach", Air Force Times, 20 December 2010, p. 20.
  41. ^ Shane, Leo III, "Report: Wyo. Unit Fails Nuke Security Inspection", Stars and Stripes, 17 December 2008; Gertz, Bill, "Air Force Fails New Nuclear Reviews", Washington Times, 4 February 2009.
  42. ^ Hoffman, Michael, "Two wings get F on nuclear inspection", Air Force Times 27 November 2009.
  43. ^ Rolfsen, Bruce, "5th Bomb Wing CO relieved of command", Military Times, 1 November 2009.
  44. ^ Baldor, Lolita C., (Associated Press) "Report Slams Pentagon Nuke Oversight", Washington Post, 7 January 2009.
  45. ^ AFP-JiJi, "Faith in U.S. nuclear deterrent shaken", Japan Times, 10 January 2009.
  46. ^ Wall Street Journal, "US Air Force To Reorganize Nuclear Commands After Incidents", 24 October 2008.
  47. ^ Garamone, Jim, "Global Strike Command Will Stress Nuclear Mission", DefenseLink, 7 August 2009.
  48. ^ Associated Press, "New Unit To Manage AF Nuclear Arsenal", reported in Arizona Daily Star, 25 October 2008.

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