???? ???

???? ???
( ??????????? : James Watt )?
??????? ?????
???????	19 ????? 1736 ; ??????
??????	25 ????? 1819 (83 ???)
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??????	????? ?????? ??? (????)
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??????	????? ? ???????? ? ???????? ? ?????? ? ????? ????? ? ????????? ? ?????
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???? ?????	????? ????????? ? ????? ????? ? ??????? ? ????? ????? ‏
???? ??	????? ??????
???????
	????????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? (1806) ; ????? ??????? ??????? ???????
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	????? ????? - ?????

???? ??? ( ??????????? : James Watt )? ?? ?????? 1736 ?????? 1819 ?? ????? ???????? ? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?????. ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????. ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ??? ??????.

?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??? ????????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??? 1769.

? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ? ????? ?????? ? ?????? ??????? ? ?????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????????? ???? ??? ???????? ???????? . ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????????? ?? ????????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ????? . ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??. ^[14]

??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ????????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? H.P)Horse Power) ??? ???? ???1H.P = 0.746.

????? ??????? ??????? [ ??? ]

??? ???? ??? ?? 19 ????? 1736 ?? ??????? ??????????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??????? (1703?1755) ????? ??? (1698-1782) ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????. ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? 1751. ??? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????. ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ???. ??? ?? ???? ????? ??? (1642-1734)? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ????????. ?? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????. ????? ???? ????????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ????????? ??????????? ?? ??? ?????????. ?????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ?????. ??? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????. ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????????. ^[15]^[16] ^[17]

????? ??????? [ ??? ]

????? ?????? ??? ????? 18 ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??????. ???? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? (1755/1756)? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????. ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? -???? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????- ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????. ????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????. ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????.

????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????????. ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???????. ?????? ?????? ?? ??? 1757? ????? ????? ?? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ????. ??? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ???????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? (?????????). ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ?????. ??? ?? ??? ??????? ≪?????≫? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????. ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??????. ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???????. ^[18]

??? ??? ?? ??? 1795? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ????????? ????????. ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??????. ???? ???? ?? ??? 1765. ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? . ???? ??? ?? ??? 1764? ?? ???? ??? ??????? (????) ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??????: ???? ?????? (1769-1848) ???????? (1767-1796). ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? 1772. ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? 1777? ?? ?? ?????????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ? ?????? ?????: ??????? (1777?1804)? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? (1779-1794). ????? ????? ?? ?? ??? 1832. ??? ??? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? 1777 ??? 1790.

??? ???????? [ ??? ]

???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ??????. ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????. ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ??????. ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????. ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????. ?? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????. ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????????. ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ??????. ?? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? .

?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? [ ??? ]

??? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??? 1759 ? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????. ?? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??? ????? 50 ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ???????? ???? ???. ??? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????. ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?????. ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???????. ???? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? - ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????. ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? 1763? ????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????. ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ??????. ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ????. ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????. ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ?????????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????.

???? ??? ?? ???? 1765 ??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ≪????? ??????≫. ???????? ????? ????????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????. ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????. ??? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????. ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ≪????? ????≫. ???? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????.

???? ???? [ ??? ]

????? ??????

??????? [ ??? ]

^ ^? ^? ^? ^? ^? Frederick Bramwell (1885). " Watt, James (1736-1819) (DNB00) ". Dictionary of National Biography, 1885?1900 (???????????). QID : Q19062388 .
^ Gran Enciclopedia Catalana | James Watt (???????????), Grup Enciclopedia, QID : Q2664168
^ Dalibor Brozovi?; Tomislav Ladan (1999), Hrvatska enciklopedija | James Watt (??????????), Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krle?a, OL : 120005M , QID : Q1789619
^ ^? ^? ^? ????? ?????? ??????? ? QID : Q10855166
^ http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/4750891/The-power-behind-the-Industrial-Revolution.html . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ http://www.theguardian.com/culture/2011/mar/20/james-watt-workshop-science-museum . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ Encyclopædia Britannica | James Watt (???????????), QID : Q5375741
^ https://catalogues.royalsociety.org/CalmView/Record.aspx?src=CalmView.Persons&id=NA8295&pos=1 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ https://www.academie-sciences.fr/fr/Liste-des-membres-depuis-la-creation-de-l-Academie-des-sciences/les-membres-du-passe-dont-le-nom-commence-par-w.html . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ https://lunarsociety.org.uk/orignal-lunar-men/ . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/technology_and_culture/v052/52.3.miller.pdf . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ https://muse.jhu.edu/journals/technology_and_culture/v052/52.3.miller.html . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ ^? ^? https://www.gla.ac.uk/schools/engineering/inthenews/introducingthejameswattschoolofengineering/ . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ Lira? Carl (2001). "Biography of James Watt" . egr.msu.edu. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-02-24 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-07-05 .
^ Tann? Jennifer (2013) [2004]. "Watt, James (1736?1819)". ????? ??????? ????? ??????? (?. ???????). ??? ??? ????? ???????. DOI : 10.1093/ref:odnb/28880 . (????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? )
^ Muirhead? James Patrick (1859). The life of James Watt: with selections from his correspondence (?. 2). John Murray. ?. 10. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-02-08. {{ ??????? ????? }}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch ( ?????? )
^ Klooster? John W. (2009). Icons of invention: the makers of the modern world from Gutenberg to Gates . Icons of invention. ABC-CLIO. ?. 1. ?. 30. ISBN : 978-0-313-34743-6 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-02-08.
^ Smiles? Samuel (1904). Lives of the Engineers (?. Popular). London: John Murray. ?. 12. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-16 . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-12-09 .

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

???? ??? ??? ???? Encyclopædia Britannica Online (??????????)
???? ??? ??? ???? NNDB people (??????????)

????? [ ??? ]

???? ???? - ???????? ??????? ??????? ? 1965
????? ???? - ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? 1985
???? - ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ? 1991
?????? ??????? ??????????? ????? : ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? 1978 .

?? ????? ??? ?????? ??: ???? ???

[wikidata-999e44a3e33f5218e84097c1b856db975fea8a90-1] ? ^? ^? ^? ^? Frederick Bramwell (1885). " Watt, James (1736-1819) (DNB00) ". Dictionary of National Biography, 1885?1900 (???????????). QID : Q19062388 .

[wikidata-6e7bafe8889c4415ea8161110702bf79e7805428-2] Gran Enciclopedia Catalana | James Watt (???????????), Grup Enciclopedia, QID : Q2664168

[wikidata-a39e3da09087f6b9dc4f1195c45859b593bb60a3-3] Dalibor Brozovi?; Tomislav Ladan (1999), Hrvatska enciklopedija | James Watt (??????????), Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krle?a, OL : 120005M , QID : Q1789619

[wikidata-a256e850733b67a8474cec97f2bd81256be1dafd-4] ? ^? ^? ????? ?????? ??????? ? QID : Q10855166

[wikidata-79c82503eeab0698b354ee2158b2f6a7d2df4cb0-5] ttp://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/4750891/The-power-behind-the-Industrial-Revolution.html . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-3e23ef7a930dd61eae2c71cb79495af5cae02b61-6] ttp://www.theguardian.com/culture/2011/mar/20/james-watt-workshop-science-museum . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-ce18b3310789162d91f1b72a07b74afc01eebe44-7] Encyclopædia Britannica | James Watt (???????????), QID : Q5375741

[wikidata-30b0b424078fd52a5a6a11ff3f7f8522b2c9c373-8] ttps://catalogues.royalsociety.org/CalmView/Record.aspx?src=CalmView.Persons&id=NA8295&pos=1 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-ee9c92bbbedf587107316600af1e2085d0b68300-9] ttps://www.academie-sciences.fr/fr/Liste-des-membres-depuis-la-creation-de-l-Academie-des-sciences/les-membres-du-passe-dont-le-nom-commence-par-w.html . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-ab1afc45fc172c13668835197ff4d5068edcac66-10] ttps://lunarsociety.org.uk/orignal-lunar-men/ . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-54d6f8595f0b0ff264a53933f117b0a7ed3f204a-11] ttp://muse.jhu.edu/journals/technology_and_culture/v052/52.3.miller.pdf . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-218674ac6fd02656b66738cf56220ce7e4faebe0-12] ttps://muse.jhu.edu/journals/technology_and_culture/v052/52.3.miller.html . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-6f818662aa644f6fc9272b76520e85ffe7f44a8b-13] ? ^? https://www.gla.ac.uk/schools/engineering/inthenews/introducingthejameswattschoolofengineering/ . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[14] Lira? Carl (2001). "Biography of James Watt" . egr.msu.edu. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-02-24 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-07-05 .

[:0-15] Tann? Jennifer (2013) [2004]. "Watt, James (1736?1819)". ????? ??????? ????? ??????? (?. ???????). ??? ??? ????? ???????. DOI : 10.1093/ref:odnb/28880 . (????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? )

[muuirhead-life-james-watt-16] Muirhead? James Patrick (1859). The life of James Watt: with selections from his correspondence (?. 2). John Murray. ?. 10. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-02-08. {{ ??????? ????? }}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch ( ?????? )

[klooster-icons-17] Klooster? John W. (2009). Icons of invention: the makers of the modern world from Gutenberg to Gates . Icons of invention. ABC-CLIO. ?. 1. ?. 30. ISBN : 978-0-313-34743-6 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-02-08.

[18] Smiles? Samuel (1904). Lives of the Engineers (?. Popular). London: John Murray. ?. 12. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-16 . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-12-09 .

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???? ???????	?????? ???????? ( ???? ???????? ) ????? ????? ( ????? ????? ) ???? ????? ( ???? ????? ? ???? ????? ?????? ? ??? ????? ? ??? ????? ) ???? ??? ( ??? ??? ??? ) ?????? ???????? ( ???? ???????? ) ???? ????? ????? ??????? ( ?????? ?????-??????? ) ????? ??????? ( ????? ??????? ) ?????? ???????? ( ???? ?????? ) ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ( ???? ??????-???????? ) ????? ??? ?????? ( ????? ?????? ) ????? ??????? ( ???? ??????? ) ????? ???? ( ????? ??? ??????? ) ????? ??? ???????? ( ???? ??? ???????? ) ???? ??????? ?? ????? ( ???? ????? ) ????? ????? ?????? ( ???? ?????? ? ?????? ?????? ) ????? ????? ( ???? ???????? ) ????? ???? ( ???? ???? ) ?????? ?????? ( ?????? )
??? ???? ??????? ??????	?????? ???? ????? ( ????? ) ???? ????? ??? ( ??? ) ???? ?????? ( ?????? ) ???? ?????? ( ?????? ) ?????? ???? ( ???? ) ???? ??????? ??? ( ??? ) ???? ??????? ?? ????? ( ????? ) ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ???? ????? ??????????? ( ????? ) ?????? ????? ??? ????? ( ????? ) ???? ?????? ???? ( ???? ) ????? ??????? ( ????? ) ???????? ????? ( ???? ) ?????? ?????? ???? ( ???? ) ???? ???? ( ???? ) ????? ????? ( ????? ) ????? ???? ( ???? ) ??????? ???? ( ???? ) ???? ??? ( ??? )
???? ???? ??????? ??????	????? ???????? ( ???????? ) ?????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ???? ?????? ( ?????? ) ??? ???? ???? ?????? ( ???? ) ?????? ?????? ??????? ( ?????? ) ??????? ?????? ??? ( ?????? ) ??????????? ???????? ( ??? ) ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ??? ?????? ( ?????? ) ???? ????? ( ????? ) ???? ?????? ( ?????? ) ?????? ?????? ?????? ( ??????? ) ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ( ?????? ) ??? ?????? ????? ( ???? ) ???? ??????? ????? ( ????? ) ????? ??? ?????? ( ?????? ) ??????? ?????? ( ??? ) ???? ??????? ???? ( ???? ) ?????? ??????? ???????? ( ???????? ) ??????? ????? ( ????? ) ???? ????? ???? ( ???? ) ????? ??????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ???? ????? ??????? ( ??????? ) ??? ????? ( ???? )

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?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? Potential future
????? ?????	??????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? Economies of agglomeration ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????
?????/ ???????	??????? ??????? Thomas Boulsover ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? Henry Cort Thomas and George Cranege ?????? ???????? Abraham Darby I Abraham Darby II Abraham Darby III Francis Egerton, 3rd Duke of Bridgewater ????? ??????? ???? ???????? Hawks family Thomas Highs Eaton Hodgkinson Benjamin Huntsman ????? ???? ????? , John Kay (flying shuttle) John Kay (spinning frame) ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? Lewis Paul William Radcliffe Richard Roberts ????? ????? Samuel Slater ??? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ????????? John Wyatt
?????	Abbeydale Industrial Hamlet Bridgewater Canal ?????? Coalbrookdale ???????? ????? ???? ??????? Ironbridge New Lanark Portsmouth Block Mills Quarry Bank Mill Soho Foundry Stockton and Darlington Railway
??????/ ?????????	????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???? Flying shuttle ???? ??????? ??????? Power loom ??? ?????? ??? ???? Sheffield plate Spinning frame Spinning jenny ???? ????? Stephenson's Rocket Water frame ???? ??? ???????
??????? ?????????	???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? Cottage industry Factory Acts ???????? ?????? ????? ?????????? Rochdale Pioneers ???? ??? ??????
???????	????? ??????????? History of the British canal system Industrial archaeology List of United Kingdom-related topics Timeline of clothing and textiles technology ??????? ?????? ?????????? Timeline of materials technology Timeline of steam power
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