???? ??????

???????
	???? ???? 1 ????? 1943 ? 10 ???? 1944 ( ?? ???????? ) ; ?????? ??????????: 11th Dail (en) ? ???? ???? ????? 1937 ? ????? 1938 ; ?????? ??????????: 9th Dail (en) ? ???? ???? ?????? 1927 ? ?????? 1927 ; ?????? ??????????: 6th Dail (en)
???????	21 ????? 1876 ; ???????
??????	30 ????? 1947 (71 ???) ????
???? ?????	Glasnevin Cemetery (en)
????? ????????	??????? ??????? ; ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ; ?????? ?????????? ?????
???????	James Larkin, Jnr (en)
?????	????? ; ????? ; ???? ?????
??????? ????????	??? ????? ??????? ; Irish Worker League (en) ; ????? ????????? ???????? (1914 ? 1919) ; ??? ?????? (1941 ? )
??????? ????	criminal anarchy (en) (1920)
???? ?????	??? ??? (1920 ? 1923)

???? ?????? (28 ????? 1874 ? 30 ????? 1947)? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ? ??? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ???????. ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????????? (??? ????? ????? ?? ????????? ???????? ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????????)? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????????? (?? ?? ?? ?????? ??) ?????? ?????? ????????? (?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ). ??? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????? (?? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????). ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? (??????????). ^[4]

??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ???????? ??????? . ??? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?????. ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ??? 1905. ^[5]^[6] ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? 1907? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? 1907. ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ? ????? ? ???????? ????? ????. ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? (?? ?? ?? ??) ???????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???????. ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?????????. ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? 1913 ???? ??? ??? ????? ????. ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????. ??? ??? ??????? ???? ≪??? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????????≫. ^[7] ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????. ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? 1914. ^[8]

?? ?????? 1914 ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????. ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????????? ????????. ?? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? 1920 ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ≪?????? ?????????≫. ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? 1923 ??? ???? ??????. ??? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??????. ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??????. ??? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? (?????? ?? ??) ??? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? (?????????) ??? ???? ????? ?? ???????. ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?????? (???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????) ?? ???? ????? ???????. ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? 1943 ??? ??? 1944? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? 1944? ????? ?? ???? ??? 1947. ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??????. ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????????.

??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ≪???? ??????? ??? ??????≫? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ≪??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ??????≫? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ≪????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????≫. ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ≪????? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????????≫? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ≪???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????????≫ ????? ????? ???????? ????? ???????. ^[9]^[10]

?? ???? ≪??? ???≫ ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??? 1979.

????? ??????? [ ??? ]

??? ?? ?????? ???? ?? 21 ????? 1876? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? 28 ????? 1874. ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????. ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????. ?? ?? ???????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????. ?? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?????. ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???. ????? ??? 1903? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??? 8 ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????.

??? ??? 1893? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???????. ?? ??? 1905? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???????. ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? (?? ?? ?? ??) ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????. ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? 1906 ??? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????. ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? 1906 ?? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ≪????????≫. ^[11]

??????? [ ??? ]

^ ^? ^? ???? ????: https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/members/member/James-Larkin-Snr.D.1927-10-11 .
^ ????? ??: ??????? ?????????? ????? ??????? . ??????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??????? (SNAC Ark): w6765c83 . ????: James Larkin. ??????: 9 ?????? 2017. ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????: ??????????.
^ ????? ??: ????? ????? . ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? "?????? ????? ???" (FaG ID): 4131 . ????: James Larkin. ??????: 9 ?????? 2017. ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????: ??????????.
^ O'Connor 2010, pg. 194?196, 199, 202?204, 213, Darlington 2008, pg. 76.
^ "James Larkin" . Spartacus Educational . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2012-01-11 . ???? ???? ?????? 2020-08-27 .
^ Wolfe? Bertram D. (1965). "The Catholic Communist" . Workers Republic. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-03-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-06-21 .
^ "Dublin 1913 Lockout" . History Ireland . ?. 9 ??? 2. 2001. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-03-06 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-03-22 .
^ Charles Townshend, "Easter 1916: The Irish Rebellion", p.93.
^ Lenin, V I. Class war in Dublin. Severnaya Pravda. 29 August 1913
^ O'Connor 2016 .
^ East Wind: China and the British Left, 1925-1976 (Oxford, 2012), p.18

???? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? :

??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????.

[71e42079e3d0b94d2ea56198a4b90d12d47a8cdc-1] ? ^? ???? ????: https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/members/member/James-Larkin-Snr.D.1927-10-11 .

[52fbcf7373d15f4f1568a66644068f8f4da2c45d-2] ????? ??: ??????? ?????????? ????? ??????? . ??????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??????? (SNAC Ark): w6765c83 . ????: James Larkin. ??????: 9 ?????? 2017. ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????: ??????????.

[102cf340a2e7ef6170741e32c993c1aa738027fb-3] ????? ??: ????? ????? . ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? "?????? ????? ???" (FaG ID): 4131 . ????: James Larkin. ??????: 9 ?????? 2017. ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????: ??????????.

[4] O'Connor 2010, pg. 194?196, 199, 202?204, 213, Darlington 2008, pg. 76.

[spartacus-5] "James Larkin" . Spartacus Educational . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2012-01-11 . ???? ???? ?????? 2020-08-27 .

[6] Wolfe? Bertram D. (1965). "The Catholic Communist" . Workers Republic. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-03-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-06-21 .

[7] "Dublin 1913 Lockout" . History Ireland . ?. 9 ??? 2. 2001. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-03-06 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-03-22 .

[Townshend,_p.93-8] Charles Townshend, "Easter 1916: The Irish Rebellion", p.93.

[Lenin1913-9] Lenin, V I. Class war in Dublin. Severnaya Pravda. 29 August 1913

[FOOTNOTEO'Connor2016-10] O'Connor 2016 .

[11] East Wind: China and the British Left, 1925-1976 (Oxford, 2012), p.18

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