??? ???????

??? ???????
( ????????? : Jules Massenet )?
??????? ?????
??? ???????	( ????????? : Jules Emile Frederic Massenet )?
???????	12 ???? 1842 ; ???? ?????
??????	13 ????? 1912 (70 ???) ; ?????
??? ??????	?????
??????	?????
??? ??	???????? ?????? ??????? ? ???????? ????????????? ??????? ‏
?????
????
	?? ?????? ; 1910 ? 1910
??	???????? ?????? ???????
????
	?? ?????? ; 1910 ? 1910
??	???? ?????
?????? ???????
??????? ????	???? ????? ????????
???????? ?????????	??? ????? ? ????? ???????
??????	???? ? ????? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ? ?????? ????? ? ????? ????? ? ????? ????? ??????? ? ????? ????
??????	????????
???? ??	???? ????? ????????
????? ?????	????? ?????
???????
	???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? (1900) ; ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? (1895) ; ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? (1887) ; ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? (1876) ; ????? ???? (1863) ; ???? ???????
???????
???????
IMDB	????? ??? IMDB
	????? ????? - ?????

??? ??????? ??????????? Jules Massenet (?. 12 ???? 1842 ? ?. 13 ????? 1912) ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? .

????? [ ??? ]

?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ????????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ????????. ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ? ????? ???? ? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???????. ?? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????.

??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? 1863? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ? ??? ??? ???? ?????. ???? ??? ??????? ??? 1867 ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????????-??????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ??? 1872 ???? ≪????? ?? ?????≫. ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? ≪????? ?????????≫ ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ≪?????? ????? ????≫ ??? ?? ??? ?????. ??? ????????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????????? ???????? ??? ????: ≪?? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?????≫.

??? 1881? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ≪????????≫ ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ≪?????≫ ??????? . ????? ?????? ≪?????≫ 1884? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ≪???? ?????≫ ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?????. ??? ≪?????≫ ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ≪????≫ ?≪??????≫ ?≪??? ??????≫. ??? ??? 1892 ??? ?????? ≪?????≫. ??? ???????? ?? ≪????????≫ ?????? ?≪???? ????? ?????≫ ????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??.

????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ≪?????≫ ????? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????????. ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ≪????? ????????≫ ??? ??? ????? ??? ???????. ??? ≪????≫ 1897 ??? ≪??? ?????≫ ???? ???? ?? 1910 ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????. ^[4]

??????? [ ??? ]

????? [ ??? ]

?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ≪????? ??????≫ ???? ???????. ????? ?? ≪?????≫ ???? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ??????. ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ?????. ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????. ^[4]

????? [ ??? ]

?? ≪?????≫ ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????. ?????? ??? ????? ???? ? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????. ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????. ????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????. ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ???. ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????. ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ???????. ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????. ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????. ^[4]

??????? [ ??? ]

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

??? ??????? ??? ???? IMDb (??????????)
??? ??????? ??? ???? Encyclopædia Britannica Online (??????????)
??? ??????? ??? ???? MusicBrainz (??????????)
??? ??????? ??? ???? Internet Broadway Database (??????????)
??? ??????? ??? ???? NNDB people (??????????)
??? ??????? ??? ???? AllMusic (??????????)
??? ??????? ??? ???? Discogs (??????????)
??? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? (??????????)

^ http://www.academiedesbeauxarts.fr/actualites/page.php?id=550 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ Archivio Storico Ricordi ? QID : Q3621644
^ http://www2.culture.gouv.fr/LH/LH162/PG/FRDAFAN83_OL1778038V001.htm . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ ^? ^? ^? The Rough Guide to Classical Music

??? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????:

??? ??????? ??? ???????? .
??? ??????? ??? ???? .

?? ????? ??? ?????? ??: ??? ???????

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[wikidata-ed14b4d0cf9c0f7e498888bca76c899e82410cb3-2] Archivio Storico Ricordi ? QID : Q3621644

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[The_Rough_Guide_to_Classical_Music-4] ? ^? ^? The Rough Guide to Classical Music

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]