?????? ???? ???

?????? ???? ???
Julius Maada Bio
	??? ?? 2018
???? ???????? ??????
	???? ?????? ; 4 ????? 2018
???? ??????	???? ???? ????
	????? ??????
??????? ?????
???????	12 ???? 1964 (60 ???)
??????	????????
??????	????? ???? ??? (2013?)
?????? ???????
??????? ????	??????? ?????????
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??????	??????????
?????? ????????
??????	???? ‏
	????? ????? - ?????

?????? ???? ??? ( ??????????? : Julius Maada Bio )? (?????? 12 ???? 1964) ?? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? 4 ????? 2018. ^[3] ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????????? ????? ????? ?? 16 ????? 1996 ??? 29 ???? 1996 ?? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? . ^[4] ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? 2018 ??? ??? ???? 51.8? ?? ??????? ????? 48.2? ??????. ^[5] ???? ????????? ???????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????? ???? ???????.

???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????????.

???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ????? 400 ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????.

????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????. ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????.???? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????.

???? ??? ?? ???????? 2012 ???? ????? ???? ??? 37% ????? 58% ???????.

????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? 1996.??? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????.????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???????????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ??? 1996 ???????? ?? ????????.

??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? 1996.????? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ??? 2005 ????? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????.

??? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????? ? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????????.

??? ????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ????? ????? ?????.

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? Munzinger IBA (?????????)

????? [ ??? ]

^ http://standardtimespress.org/?p=2913 . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-02-09 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ http://juliusmaadabio.net/sr/strana/241/about-maada . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-02-09 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ "???? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????" . ???????? ????? . 27 ????? 2023. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-06-27 . ???? ???? ?????? 2023-12-20 .
^ Reuters Staff (4 ????? 2018). "Opposition candidate Julius Maada Bio wins Sierra Leone presidency: certified tallies" . ?????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-06-25 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-04-05 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |????= ???? ??? ( ?????? )
^ Jaime Yaya Barry (4 ????? 2018). "Sierra Leone's Opposition Leader Is Sworn In as President" . ??????? ????? . New York City. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-03-30 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-04-05 .

?????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? :

??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????.

[wikidata-c36ed0f8f3233afffda7a0e189b234fe7756a88f-1] ttp://standardtimespress.org/?p=2913 . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-02-09 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-7ee3119bfd38f3b7c9fdcacacf940e86ebbbc3f2-2] ttp://juliusmaadabio.net/sr/strana/241/about-maada . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-02-09 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[3] "???? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????" . ???????? ????? . 27 ????? 2023. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-06-27 . ???? ???? ?????? 2023-12-20 .

[One-4] Reuters Staff (4 ????? 2018). "Opposition candidate Julius Maada Bio wins Sierra Leone presidency: certified tallies" . ?????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-06-25 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-04-05 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |????= ???? ??? ( ?????? )

[Two-5] Jaime Yaya Barry (4 ????? 2018). "Sierra Leone's Opposition Leader Is Sworn In as President" . ??????? ????? . New York City. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-03-30 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-04-05 .

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]