??????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????

??????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????
( ?????????? : Eesti Noukogude Sotsialistlik Vabariik )?
??????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ?????	??????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ??????
	?????? ?????? ; ( ?????????? : Koigi maade proletaarlased, uhinege! )?
	??????:
????? ???????
????????	59°25′00″N 24°45′00″E / 59.41666667°N 24.75°E
?????	?????
??????? ???????	1565000
?????
???? ?????	??????? ??????? ‏
???? ????	?????? ???? (29 ???? 1990?)
??????? ????????
	???????
????? ???????	21 ????? 1940
??????	???? ???????
??????? ???????	????? ?????
	???? property ??? ?????.
	????? ????? - ?????

????????? ????????? ?????????? ????????? (?? ?? ?? ????????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??) (??????????: Eesti Noukogude Sotsialistlik Vabariik ENSV)? (?????????: Эстонская Советская Социалистическая Республика ЭССР, Estonskaja Sov?tskaja Socialisti?eskaja Respublika ESSR) ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????? . ^[1]^[2] ????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? 21 ????? 1940? ??? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? 17 ????? 1940? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???????. ^[3] ????? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? 6 ????? 1940. ^[4]^[5] ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? 1941 ??? ??? 1944 ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????.

?? ????? ???? ??????? ^[6] ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???????. ^[7]^[8] ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????????????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????. ??? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??????????? ?????????? ^[9]^[10] ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? 1940-1991. ^[11]

?? 16 ?????? 1988? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????. ?? 30 ???? 1990? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ??? 1940 ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????. ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? 8 ???? 1990. ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? 20 ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??? 1991 ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? 6 ?????? 1991.

???? ??????? [ ??? ]

???? ?? ????? ???????-???????? (??????? ???????? ????????)? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? . ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ?? ??? 1941.

????? ???????-???????? [ ??? ]

????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? 23 ????? 1939? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????. ?? 24 ?????? 1939? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????. ^[12] ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? 25000 ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ????? ?????????. ^[13] ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?? 28 ?????? 1939.

?? 12 ????? 1940? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? (??. ???)? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????. ^[14]^[15] ?? 14 ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ???????. ????? ????? ?? ???????? ????????? ????? ???? ??????? ≪??????≫ ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ???????? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ???????. ^[16] ?? 16 ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????? (?? ??? ?? ??) ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? (??? ???? ???????? ???????). ^[17]^[18] ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???? 1939 ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????. ???? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ????????? ???????? ????????. ??????? ??? ????? ????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????. ^[19]

?? 17 ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ? ???????? 90.000 ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ^[20]^[21] ???? ???? ????????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??????. ^[22] ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??????. ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??????. ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?????. ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? 10 ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????. ??????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????. ^[23]

????? 18 ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????. ^[24] ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ????? ???????. ???? ???? ?????? ?? 24 ????? ?? ≪??? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????≫ ????? ?????? ???????? ≪?????? ?????? ?????? [???????] ?? ??? ???????≫ ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????. ^[25]

?? 21 ????? 1940? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????. ^[26] ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? (???? ???? ??? ???? ?? 30 ????? ?????? ??????) ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ???????. ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??????.

?? 14-15 ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????????. ??? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??? (??? ?????)? ???? ≪????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ... ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????????≫. ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????????. ????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? 92.8% ?? ??????? ?? ???? 84.1% ?? ?????? ??????????. ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ≪???? ?????≫ ?????????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????????. ??? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ????????. ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ????. ^[27]^[28]^[29]^[30]

??????? [ ??? ]

^ Hough? Jerry F (1997). Democratization and revolution in the USSR, 1985?1991 . Brookings Institution Press. ?. 214 . ISBN : 0-8157-3749-1 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-04-13.
^ "Republic, definition 3" . Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary . Merriam-Webster Online. 2009. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-04-22 . ???? ???? ?????? 2009-06-09 .
^ Ronen? Yael (2011). Transition from Illegal Regimes Under International Law . Cambridge University Press. ?. 17. ISBN : 978-0-521-19777-9 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-14.
^ The Baltic States: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania (Postcommunist States and Nations) David J. Smith from Front Matter ( ???? 0-415-28580-1 )
^ Estonia: Identity and Independence: Jean-Jacques Subrenat, David Cousins, Alexander Harding, Richard C. Waterhouse on Page 246. ( ???? 90-420-0890-3 )
^ Malksoo? Lauri (2003). Illegal annexation and state continuity: the case of the incorporation of the Baltic states by the USSR . M. Nijhoff Publishers. ?. 76. ISBN : 978-90-411-2177-6 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-05-08. incorporation into the Soviet Union in 1940 took place against the will of the population, and was never recognized de jure by most countries
^ Hiden? John? Vahur Made? David J. Smith (2008). The Baltic question during the Cold War . Routledge. ?. 209. ISBN : 0-415-37100-7 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-24.
^ Aust? Anthony (2005). Handbook of International Law . Cambridge University Press. ?. 26 . ISBN : 0-521-82349-8 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-04-14.
^ Diplomats Without a Country: Baltic Diplomacy, International Law, and the Cold War by James T. McHugh, James S. Pacy, Page 2. ( ???? 0-313-31878-6 )
^ "President of the Republic at the State Dinner hosted by President T. E. Mary McAleese and Dr. Martin McAleese" . President. ????? 14, 2008. ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? 23, 2015 . ???? ???? ?????? ?????? 18, 2015 . ... we are thankful that Ireland never recognised the illegal annexation of Estonia by the Soviet Union after the Second World War. We will never forget John McEvoy, Estonia's honorary consul in Dublin from 1938 to 1960.
^ David James Smith, Estonia: independence and European integration , Routledge, 2001, ( ???? 0-415-26728-5 ), pXIX
^ Moscow's Week at Time magazine on Monday, 9 October 1939 ???? ?????? 2018-01-29 ?? Wayback Machine ^{[
???? ??????
]}
^ The Baltic States: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania by David J. Smith, Page 24, ( ???? 0-415-28580-1 )
^ ?????? ????????? Pavel Petrov ???? ?????? ????? 21, 2009 ?? Wayback Machine at Finnish Defence Forces home page
^ documents published from the State Archive of the Russian Navy ???? ?????? ?????? 19, 2005 ?? Wayback Machine
^ The Last Flight from Tallinn ???? ?????? ???? 25, 2009 ?? Wayback Machine at American Foreign Service Association ^{[
???? ??????
]}
^ Wettig 2008 ? ???? 20
^ Senn, Alfred Erich, Lithuania 1940: Revolution from Above , Amsterdam, New York, Rodopi, 2007 ( ???? 978-90-420-2225-6 )
^ The Baltic States: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania by David J. Smith, p. 19 ( ???? 0-415-28580-1 )
^ The World Book Encyclopedia ( ???? 0-7166-0103-6 )
^ The History of the Baltic States by Kevin O'Connor ( ???? 0-313-32355-0 )
^ Estonia: Identity and Independence by Jean-Jacques Subrenat, David Cousins, Alexander Harding, Richard C. Waterhouse ( ???? 90-420-0890-3 )
^ ?????? ????????? 51 years from the Raua Street Battle at Estonian Defence Forces Home Page ???? ?????? 2020-03-10 ?? Wayback Machine
^ Misiunas & Taagepera 1993 ? ???? 20
^ Germany Over All , Time , June 24, 1940 ^{[
???? ??????
]} ???? ?????? 2017-01-04 ?? Wayback Machine
^ Estonia: Identity and Independence by Jean-Jacques Subrenat, David Cousins, Alexander Harding, Richard C. Waterhouse ( ???? 90-420-0890-3 )
^ Marek? Krystyna (1968). Identity and Continuity of States in Public International Law . Librairie Droz. ?. 386. ISBN : 9782600040440 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-04-14.
^ Justice in The Baltic at Time magazine on Monday, 19 August 1940 ???? ?????? 2019-04-24 ?? Wayback Machine ^{[
???? ??????
]}
^ Estonian newspaper ≪Communist≫, issue of 18 July 1940.
^ Misiunas & Taagepera 1993 ? ???? 27

?? ????? ??? ?????? ??: ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????

[1] Hough? Jerry F (1997). Democratization and revolution in the USSR, 1985?1991 . Brookings Institution Press. ?. 214 . ISBN : 0-8157-3749-1 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-04-13.

[2] "Republic, definition 3" . Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary . Merriam-Webster Online. 2009. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-04-22 . ???? ???? ?????? 2009-06-09 .

[3] Ronen? Yael (2011). Transition from Illegal Regimes Under International Law . Cambridge University Press. ?. 17. ISBN : 978-0-521-19777-9 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-14.

[4] The Baltic States: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania (Postcommunist States and Nations) David J. Smith from Front Matter ( ???? 0-415-28580-1 )

[5] Estonia: Identity and Independence: Jean-Jacques Subrenat, David Cousins, Alexander Harding, Richard C. Waterhouse on Page 246. ( ???? 90-420-0890-3 )

[6] Malksoo? Lauri (2003). Illegal annexation and state continuity: the case of the incorporation of the Baltic states by the USSR . M. Nijhoff Publishers. ?. 76. ISBN : 978-90-411-2177-6 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-05-08. incorporation into the Soviet Union in 1940 took place against the will of the population, and was never recognized de jure by most countries

[7] Hiden? John? Vahur Made? David J. Smith (2008). The Baltic question during the Cold War . Routledge. ?. 209. ISBN : 0-415-37100-7 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-24.

[8] Aust? Anthony (2005). Handbook of International Law . Cambridge University Press. ?. 26 . ISBN : 0-521-82349-8 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-04-14.

[Without_a_Country_Page_2-9] Diplomats Without a Country: Baltic Diplomacy, International Law, and the Cold War by James T. McHugh, James S. Pacy, Page 2. ( ???? 0-313-31878-6 )

[10] "President of the Republic at the State Dinner hosted by President T. E. Mary McAleese and Dr. Martin McAleese" . President. ????? 14, 2008. ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? 23, 2015 . ???? ???? ?????? ?????? 18, 2015 . ... we are thankful that Ireland never recognised the illegal annexation of Estonia by the Soviet Union after the Second World War. We will never forget John McEvoy, Estonia's honorary consul in Dublin from 1938 to 1960.

[smith-11] David James Smith, Estonia: independence and European integration , Routledge, 2001, ( ???? 0-415-26728-5 ), pXIX

[TM091939-12] Moscow's Week at Time magazine on Monday, 9 October 1939 ???? ?????? 2018-01-29 ?? Wayback Machine ^{[
???? ??????
]}

[13] The Baltic States: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania by David J. Smith, Page 24, ( ???? 0-415-28580-1 )

[14] ?????? ????????? Pavel Petrov ???? ?????? ????? 21, 2009 ?? Wayback Machine at Finnish Defence Forces home page

[15] uments published from the State Archive of the Russian Navy ???? ?????? ?????? 19, 2005 ?? Wayback Machine

[16] The Last Flight from Tallinn ???? ?????? ???? 25, 2009 ?? Wayback Machine at American Foreign Service Association ^{[
???? ??????
]}

[wettig20-17] Wettig 2008 ? ???? 20

[senn-18] Senn, Alfred Erich, Lithuania 1940: Revolution from Above , Amsterdam, New York, Rodopi, 2007 ( ???? 978-90-420-2225-6 )

[19] The Baltic States: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania by David J. Smith, p. 19 ( ???? 0-415-28580-1 )

[ReferenceA-20] The World Book Encyclopedia ( ???? 0-7166-0103-6 )

[21] The History of the Baltic States by Kevin O'Connor ( ???? 0-313-32355-0 )

[22] Estonia: Identity and Independence by Jean-Jacques Subrenat, David Cousins, Alexander Harding, Richard C. Waterhouse ( ???? 90-420-0890-3 )

[23] ?????? ????????? 51 years from the Raua Street Battle at Estonian Defence Forces Home Page ???? ?????? 2020-03-10 ?? Wayback Machine

[misiunas20-24] Misiunas & Taagepera 1993 ? ???? 20

[25] Germany Over All , Time , June 24, 1940 ^{[
???? ??????
]} ???? ?????? 2017-01-04 ?? Wayback Machine

[ReferenceB-26] Estonia: Identity and Independence by Jean-Jacques Subrenat, David Cousins, Alexander Harding, Richard C. Waterhouse ( ???? 90-420-0890-3 )

[27] Marek? Krystyna (1968). Identity and Continuity of States in Public International Law . Librairie Droz. ?. 386. ISBN : 9782600040440 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-04-14.

[TM191940-28] Justice in The Baltic at Time magazine on Monday, 19 August 1940 ???? ?????? 2019-04-24 ?? Wayback Machine ^{[
???? ??????
]}

[29] Estonian newspaper ≪Communist≫, issue of 18 July 1940.

[misiunas27-30] Misiunas & Taagepera 1993 ? ???? 27

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

[26]

[27]

[28]

[29]

[30]

???? ??????

? ? ? ???????? ??????? ???????? (1922?1991)
?????????? ???????	??????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?????????
??? ????? ???????? ???????	??????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ?????????
???? ?????	??????? - ?????? ????????? (1940?1956) ?? ???? ??????? ????????? (1922?1936)
???????? ???? ???????	??????? ????????? (1921?1931) ????? ????????? (1920?1925) ?????? ????????? (1920?1925) ????????????? ??????? ????????? (1990?1991) ??????? ???????? ????????? (1990?1991)

? ? ? ?????? ???????
??????? ???????? ??????
?????	??????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????
????? ???, ?? ???, ???????? ??????? ????????	?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????
???? ?????	??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ??????? (??? 1961) ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????
?? ??? ???????? ??????? ????????	??????? ????? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????
??????	???????? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? (????? ???????? ???????) ????? ?????? ?????????? ???????
??????? ? ????????	????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? (1940?1991) Cursed soldiers ???? ????? 1950 1953 uprising in Plze? ??????? 1953 ?? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????? 1956 ???????? ?????? ?? 1956 ?????? ??????? 1956 ????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? 1965 ???? ???? / ??? ??? ????? ?????????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? 1968 ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? 1968 ???????? ?????? 1968 ?????????? ????????? 1970 ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????? 1972 ???????? ????? 1976 ???? ????? (????? ????? ?????? ????????) / ?? ??? ??????? ???????? / ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? 1981 ????? ????? Jeltoqsan ???? ??????? ????? 9 ????? ?????? ????????? 1989 ????? ??????
????? ????? ???????	????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????-?????? ?????? ????????????? 1948 ???? ?????
??????	???? ??????? ( ????? ???????? ) ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????
??? ?????	????? 1989 ???? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ????????????? ????? ????? 1991 ?? ???????? ????? ????? 1991 ?? ??????