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???? ????
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.
[2]
[3]
[4]
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????
?????
. ?????
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2002
??? ??? ?????? 96000 ????. ?? ???
630
??? ??????
??????
??????
????????
??? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????
?????
.
????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ?????. ???? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????. ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???????.
??????
[
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]
???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????:
???????? ???????? ?????? ????
|
?????
|
?????
|
??????
|
????
|
?????
|
????
|
?????
|
?????
|
?????
|
??????
|
??????
|
??????
|
??????
|
?????? ??????
|
?????? ?????? °? (°?)
|
25.0
(77.0)
|
28.8
(83.8)
|
34.5
(94.1)
|
40.5
(104.9)
|
45.4
(113.7)
|
47.5
(117.5)
|
44.7
(112.5)
|
42.4
(108.3)
|
41.2
(106.2)
|
38.2
(100.8)
|
32.4
(90.3)
|
25.4
(77.7)
|
47.5
(117.5)
|
????? ???? ??????? ?????? °? (°?)
|
15.9
(60.6)
|
17.9
(64.2)
|
22.5
(72.5)
|
28.3
(82.9)
|
34.7
(94.5)
|
40.4
(104.7)
|
39.3
(102.7)
|
38.0
(100.4)
|
35.2
(95.4)
|
30.5
(86.9)
|
23.3
(73.9)
|
17.5
(63.5)
|
28.6
(83.5)
|
??????? ?????? °? (°?)
|
8.5
(47.3)
|
10.9
(51.6)
|
16.3
(61.3)
|
21.9
(71.4)
|
27.7
(81.9)
|
32.7
(90.9)
|
32.8
(91.0)
|
31.9
(89.4)
|
28.1
(82.6)
|
22.2
(72.0)
|
14.9
(58.8)
|
9.5
(49.1)
|
21.5
(70.6)
|
????? ???? ??????? ?????? °? (°?)
|
2.9
(37.2)
|
5.6
(42.1)
|
10.5
(50.9)
|
15.3
(59.5)
|
19.8
(67.6)
|
24.7
(76.5)
|
26.7
(80.1)
|
26.2
(79.2)
|
21.4
(70.5)
|
14.4
(57.9)
|
6.9
(44.4)
|
3.5
(38.3)
|
14.8
(58.7)
|
???? ???? ????? °? (°?)
|
?14.1
(6.6)
|
?9.5
(14.9)
|
?1.0
(30.2)
|
6.1
(43.0)
|
10.6
(51.1)
|
13.5
(56.3)
|
19.0
(66.2)
|
17.5
(63.5)
|
11.0
(51.8)
|
2.7
(36.9)
|
?4.5
(23.9)
|
?5.5
(22.1)
|
?14.1
(6.6)
|
??????
?? (???)
|
18.1
(0.71)
|
24.3
(0.96)
|
39.2
(1.54)
|
36.4
(1.43)
|
16.0
(0.63)
|
1.4
(0.06)
|
6.9
(0.27)
|
7.7
(0.30)
|
8.3
(0.33)
|
3.2
(0.13)
|
8.3
(0.33)
|
12.1
(0.48)
|
181.9
(7.17)
|
????? ?????? ???????
|
4
|
5
|
8
|
8
|
4
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
39
|
?????
??????? ???????
(%)
|
61
|
60
|
62
|
59
|
47
|
40
|
52
|
58
|
56
|
55
|
58
|
63
|
56
|
????? ???? ????? ???????
|
180.9
|
182.7
|
207.1
|
227.8
|
304.8
|
339.6
|
325.9
|
299.7
|
293.6
|
277.6
|
231.0
|
185.6
|
3?056?3
|
??????: NOAA (1964-1983)
[5]
|
?????
[
???
]
????? ???? ????????
?????
??:
?????
[
???
]
?????
[
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]