??? ?????

??? ?????
??????? ?????
??? ???????	( ??????????? : Timothy Francis Robbins )?
???????	16 ?????? 1958 (????? 65 ???) ; ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????????
???????	????? ???? ‏
??????	???????? ???????
?????	2 ???
??????	????? ??????? (1988?2009)
?????? ???????
??????? ????	????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ‏ ; ????? ?????????? ; ?????? ???????? ‏
??????	????
?????	????? ??????????
????? ????	??????????
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	????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? (2011) ; ????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? (?? ???: ??? ???? ) (2004) ; ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ????? - ???? (?? ???: ??? ???? ) (2003) ; ????? ?????? ??? ????????? ????? ???? (?? ???: ?????? ) (1992) ; ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? - ???? ?????? ?? ?????? (?? ???: ?????? ) (1992) ; ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???????
???????
??????	?????? ??????
IMDB	????? ??? IMDB
	????? ????? - ?????

??? ????? ( ??????????? : Tim Robbins )? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? (?????? 16 ?????? 1958 )? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????. ^[4]^[5]^[6] ??? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ????. ??? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ??? 2003 ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? .

?????? [ ??? ]

??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? "????? ???? ???? ????? ???? " Ink is black but the page is white ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ???12 ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????.??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? Stuyvesant ??? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????.??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???????.

????????? ?????? ???????? [ ??? ]

???? ???? ??? 1996 ?? ???? Dead Man Walking
???? ???? ????? ??? 2004 ?? ???? Mystic River ???? ???

????????? ?????? ??????? ???? [ ??? ]

???? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? 1993 ?? ???? Bob Roberts
???? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? 1993 ?? ???? The Player ???? ???
???? ???? ?????? ??? 1994 ?? ???? Short Cuts ???? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ???????
???? ??????? ??? 1996 ?? ???? Dead Man Walking
???? ???? ????? ??? 2004 ?? ???? Mystic River ???? ???

?? ?????? [ ??? ]

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

??? ????? ??? ???? IMDb (??????????)
??? ????? ??? ???? Encyclopædia Britannica Online (??????????)
??? ????? ??? ???? Rotten Tomatoes (??????????)
??? ????? ??? ???? Munzinger IBA (?????????)
??? ????? ??? ???? AlloCine (????????)
??? ????? ??? ???? MusicBrainz (??????????)
??? ????? ??? ???? Turner Classic Movies (??????????)
??? ????? ??? ???? AllMovie (??????????)
??? ????? ??? ???? Box Office Mojo (??????????)
??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? (????????)

????? [ ??? ]

^ https://www.culture.gouv.fr/Nous-connaitre/Decouvrir-le-ministere/Histoire-du-ministere/Ressources-documentaires/Discours-de-ministres/Discours-de-ministres-depuis-1998/Frederic-Mitterrand-2009-2012/Communiques-2009-2012/Frederic-Mitterrand-annonce-la-nomination-de-265-personnalites-etrangeres-au-titre-de-la-promotion-Arts-et-Lettres-du-printemps-2011-soit-22-comma . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-02-03 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ https://timrobbins.net/what-went-on/biography/ . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-02-03 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ MusicBrainz (???????????), MetaBrainz Foundation, QID : Q14005
^ "1984" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2007-07-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2007-11-01 .
^ "Tim Robbins' mother" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-06-21.
^ Happy Birthday to Pound Ridge’s Tim Robbins | The Pound Ridge Daily Voice Retrieved 2014-10-01. ???? ?????? 2014-10-06 ?? Wayback Machine

?? ????? ??? ?????? ??: ??? ?????

[wikidata-f8d6e4f1e96808fbe85543773e60fbbfa9b8b7de-1] ttps://www.culture.gouv.fr/Nous-connaitre/Decouvrir-le-ministere/Histoire-du-ministere/Ressources-documentaires/Discours-de-ministres/Discours-de-ministres-depuis-1998/Frederic-Mitterrand-2009-2012/Communiques-2009-2012/Frederic-Mitterrand-annonce-la-nomination-de-265-personnalites-etrangeres-au-titre-de-la-promotion-Arts-et-Lettres-du-printemps-2011-soit-22-comma . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-02-03 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-ce80af4a1cd17af9e01c292e20f25e2e64c1b4cc-2] ttps://timrobbins.net/what-went-on/biography/ . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-02-03 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-0fe1cb4060dd0a40a343324b625f3263814f2a62-3] MusicBrainz (???????????), MetaBrainz Foundation, QID : Q14005

[4] "1984" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2007-07-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2007-11-01 .

[5] "Tim Robbins' mother" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-06-21.

[6] Happy Birthday to Pound Ridge’s Tim Robbins | The Pound Ridge Daily Voice Retrieved 2014-10-01. ???? ?????? 2014-10-06 ?? Wayback Machine

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

? ? ? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? - ???? ?????? ?? ??????
1950?1975	???? ????? (1950) ???? ??? (1951) ?????? ??????? (1952) ????? ???? (1953) ???? ????? (1954) ??? ????? (1955) ????? ?????? (1956) ????? ??????? (1957) ???? ??? (1958) ??? ????? (1959) ??? ????? (1960) ???? ???? (1961) ???????? ??????????? (1962) ?????? ????? (1963) ???? ??????? (1964) ?? ?????? (1965) ???? ????? (1966) ??????? ????? (1967) ??? ???? (1968) ???? ????? (1969) ????? ???? (1970) ????? ????? (1971) ??? ????? (1972) ???? ????? (1973) ??? ????? (1974) ????? ???? / ???? ???? (1975)
1976?2000	???? ??????????? (1976) ??????? ??????? (1977) ???? ???? (1978) ???? ???? (1979) ??? ????? (1980) ????? ??? (1981) ?????? ?????? (1982) ????? ??? (1983) ????? ??? (1984) ??? ??????? (1985) ??? ????? (1986) ???? ??????? (1987) ??? ????? (1988) ?????? ?????? (1989) ?????? ???????? (1990) ???? ??????? (1991) ??? ????? (1992) ???? ??????? (1993) ??? ????? (1994) ??? ???????? (1995) ??? ???? (1996) ??? ??????? (1997) ????? ??? (1998) ??? ???? (1999) ???? ????? (2000)
2001?????	??? ?????? (2001) ??????? ??? (2002) ??? ???? (2003) ???? ???? (2004) ?????? ?????? (2005) ???? ????? ????? (2006) ???? ??? (2007) ????? ????? (2008) ????? ????? ????? (2009) ??? ??????? (2010) ??? ??????? (2011) ??? ?????? (2012) ???????? ?? ?????? (2013) ????? ????? (2014) ??? ????? (2015) ????? ??????? (2016) ???? ?????? (2017) ???????? ??? (2018) ????? ??????? (2019) ???? ????? ????? (2020) ????? ??????? (2021) ????? ????? (2022) ??? ??????? (2023)

? ? ? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????????
1946-1975	??? ?????? (1946) ?????? ??????? (1949) ????? ??????? (1951) ?????? ?????? (1952) ?????? ???? (1953) ????? ????? /???? ??????? ????? (1955) ??? ???????? (1957) ??? ?????? (1958) ???????? ?????? . ??? ??????? . ????? ???? (1959) ?????? ?????? (1961) ??? ??????? . ????? ??????? . ???? ?????????? . ????? ????? (1962) ??????? ????? (1963) ????? ???? / ???? ????? (1964) ?????? ????? (1965) ?? ????????? (1966) ????? ????? (1967) ??? ???? ????????? (1969) ??????? ?????????? (1970) ??????? ??????? (1971) ??? ??? (1972) ????????? ??????? (1973) ??? ??????? (1974) ??????? ?????? (1975)
1976-2000	????? ???? ????? (1976) ??????? ?? (1977) ??? ???? (1978) ??? ????? (1979) ????? ?????? (1980) ???? ??????? (1981) ??? ????? (1982) ???? ????? ??????? (1983) ??????? ????? / ????????? ????? (1984) ?????? ???? (1985) ????? ???? . ??? ??????? (1986) ??????? ?????????? (1987) ????? ????? (1988) ???? ????? (1989) ?????? ???????? (1990) ??? ??????? (1991) ??? ????? (1992) ????? ?????? (1993) ?? ?? (1994) ??????? ????? (1995) ?????? ????? . ?????? ????? (1996) ??? ?? (1997) ???? ????? (1998) ???????? ??? (1999) ???? ???? ????-??? (2000)
2001- ??? ????	????? ??????? (2001) ???????? ?????? (2002) ???? ??????? . ???? ?????? (2003) ???? ?????? (2004) ???? ?? ???? (2005) ???? ???? . ???? ????? . ???? ??? . ???? ??????? . ????? ??????? (2006) ?????????? ?????????? (2007) ??????? ??? ???? (2008) ??????? ????? (2009) ?????? ????? . ????? ??????? (2010) ??? ??????? (2011) ???? ?????? (2012) ???? ???? (2013) ?????? ??????? ???? (2014) ????? ?????? (2015) ???? ????? (2016) ?????? ?????? (2017) ??????? ????? (2018) ??????? ???????? (2019) ???? ?????? ???? (2021) ???? ???? ?? (2022)

? ? ? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ????? - ????
1943?1960	???? ??????? (1943) ???? ?????????? (1944) ????? ????? ??? (1945) ??????? ??? (1946) ?????? ???? (1947) ????? ?????? (1948) ???? ?????? (1949) ?????? ???? (1950) ???? ???????? (1951) ?????? ????? (1952) ????? ??????? (1953) ?????? ??????? (1954) ???? ?????? (1955) ???? ??????? (1956) ??? ?????? (1957) ???? ???? (1958) ????? ???? (1959) ??? ????? (1960)
1961?1980	???? ???????? (1961) ??? ?????? (1962) ??? ?????? (1963) ?????? ??????? (1964) ?????? ????? (1965) ??????? ???????? (1966) ??????? ???????? (1967) ?????? ???? (1968) ??? ???? (1969) ??? ???? (1970) ?? ?????? (1971) ??? ???? (1972) ??? ??????? (1973) ???? ????? (1974) ??????? ??????? (1975) ????? ??????? (1976) ???? ???? (1977) ??? ??? (1978) ?????? ?????? / ????? ????? (1979) ?????? ????? (1980)
1981?2000	??? ????? (1981) ???? ???? ????? (1982) ??? ??????? (1983) ????? ??????? ???? (1984) ????? ????? ???????? (1985) ??? ??????? (1986) ??? ????? (1987) ????? ?????? (1988) ???? ?????? (1989) ???? ??????? (1990) ??? ?????? (1991) ??? ?????? (1992) ???? ?? ???? (1993) ????? ?????? (1994) ???? ??? (1995) ?????? ?????? (1996) ???? ??????? (1997) ?? ????? (1998) ??? ???? (1999) ??????? ??? ???? (2000)
2001???? ????	??? ??????? (2001) ???? ???? (2002) ??? ????? (2003) ????? ???? (2004) ???? ????? (2005) ???? ????? (2006) ?????? ????? (2007) ??? ????? (2008) ??????? ????? (2009) ???????? ??? (2010) ???????? ????? (2011) ??????? ????? (2012) ????? ???? (2013) ?? ?? ?????? (2014) ??????? ?????? (2015) ???? ????? (2016) ??? ?????? (2017) ???????? ??? (2018) ???? ??? (2019) ?????? ?????? (2020) ???? ????-????? (2021) ??????? ?? ???? (2022) ????? ????? ?????? (2023)

? ? ? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????
1936?1950	????? ?????? (1936) ???? ????????? (1937) ????? ?????? (1938) ????? ?????? (1939) ????? ?????? (1940) ?????? ????? (1941) ??? ?????? (1942) ?????? ????? (1943) ???? ?????????? (1944) ???? ?? (1945) ?????? ????? (1946) ?????? ???? (1947) ????? ?????? (1948) ??? ???? (1949) ???? ?????? (1950)
1951?1975	???? ????? (1951) ?????? ???? (1952) ????? ??????? (1953) ?????? ??????? (1954) ??? ????? (1955) ?????? ???? (1956) ??? ?????? (1957) ???? ???? (1958) ??? ?????? (1959) ???? ???????? (1960) ???? ???????? (1961) ?? ????? (1962) ?????? ?????? (1963) ???? ???????? (1964) ????? ???? (1965) ????? ???? (1966) ???? ?????? (1967) ??? ???????? (1968) ??? ???? (1969) ??? ???? (1970) ?? ?????? (1971) ???? ???? (1972) ??? ??????? (1973) ????? ?? ???? (1974) ???? ???? (1975)
1976?2000	????? ??????? (1976) ????? ??????? (1977) ???????? ???? (1978) ?????? ?????? (1979) ?????? ????? (1980) ??? ????? (1981) ???? ???? ????? (1982) ??? ??????? (1983) ????? ??????? ???? (1984) ??? ?????? (1985) ????? ??? (1986) ??? ????? (1987) ????? ????? (1988) ???? ?????? (1989) ?? ???? (1990) ??? ?????? (1991) ??? ?????? (1992) ???? ?? ???? (1993) ????? ?????? (1994) ????? ????? (1995) ???? ?????? ????? (1996) ???? ??????? (1997) ???? ?????? (1998) ????? ??? (1999) ??????? ??? ???? (2000)
2001???? ????	??? ??????? (2001) ???? ???? (2002) ??? ????? (2003) ?????? ?????? (2004) ???? ????? (2005) ???? ????? (2006) ?????? ????? (2007) ??? ????? (2008) ??????? ????? (2009) ???????? ??? (2010) ???????? ????? (2011) ??????? ????? (2012) ????? ???? (2013) ?? ?? ?????? (2014) ???? ??????? (2015) ???????? ??? (2016) ??? ?????? (2017) ???????? ??? (2018) ???? ??? (2019) ?????? ?????? (2020) Troy Kotsur (2021) ??????? ?? ???? (2022)