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تحتوي هذه المقالة ترجمة آلية، يلزم إزالتها لتحسين المقالة.
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???? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ≪?????≫. ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?????. ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????. ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??????. [12] ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????. ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????. [13] ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????. ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???????. [12] ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? (????????????)? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????. ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? (???????????) ???? ????? ????? ??? ?????. [12] ????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????. ???? ???? ?????????????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????????? ??????????? (??? ?? ???? ???????? ??????)? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ?? ?????????????? ??????????????. [14]

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???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????. ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????. [12] ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????. ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????. ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????. ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????????????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ??????. [15] ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????. ????? YY 3-36 ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????. [16] ????? ????????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????. ????? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ????????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??????. ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????. ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????. ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????. [12]

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?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????. [12] ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????. ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? (??? ????)? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????. [12] ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????. ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??????.

???? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????????? . ???? ????? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????. ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???????. [17] ????? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??????. ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? Y ??????? ??????? ????????? (AGRP). [12]

??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????. ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ??????????. ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ???? ???? ?????. ????? ????????? ???????????? (CART)? ??????? MSH ????????? ???????????-????? ????). [12]

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  1. ^ ???? ???????? ? ???? ???????? (2008). ?????? ??????: ????? ??????? ???? (???????? ???????????) (?. 1). ?????: ??? ????? ???????? . ?. 383. ISBN : 978-9953-63-541-5 . OCLC : 405515532 . OL : 50197876M . QID : Q112315598 .
  2. ^ John Raulston Saul (1995), "The Doubter's Companion", 155
  3. ^ David Grazian (2008), "On the Make: The Hustle of Urban Nightlife", 32
  4. ^ [<a href=" http://www.bcminfo.be "> http://www.bcminfo.be </a> Eating recommendations by BCM] ???? ?????? 2015-11-06 ?? Wayback Machine
  5. ^ [<a href=" http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/what-should-you-eat/vegetables-and-fruits/ "> http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/what-should-you-eat/vegetables-and-fruits/ </a> Half of plate to be filled with vegetables, according to Harvard School of Public Health] ???? ?????? 2018-01-21 ?? Wayback Machine
  6. ^ [<a href=" http://www.iloveindia.com/nutrition/food-facts/calorie-requirement-of-body.html "> http://www.iloveindia.com/nutrition/food-facts/calorie-requirement-of-body.html </a> Calorie requirements for regular person estimated at 2000 kcal] ???? ?????? 2017-07-13 ?? Wayback Machine
  7. ^ Eldredge, K. L., & Agras, W. S. (1994). Weight and Shape Overconcern and Emotional Eating in Binge Eating Disorder. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 19 (1), 73-82.
  8. ^ McKenna, R. J. (1972). Some Effects of Anxiety Level and Food Cues on the Eating Behavior of Obese and Normal Subjects: A Comparison of Schachterian and Psychosomatic Conceptions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 22 (3), 311-319.
  9. ^ ? ? Lowe, M. R., & Fisher, E. B. Jr. (1983). Emotional Reactivity, Emotional Eating, and Obesity: A Naturalistic Study. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 6 (2), 135-149.
  10. ^ Geiselman, P.J. (1996). Control of food intake. A physiologically complex, motivated behavioral system. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1996 Dec;25(4):815-29.
  11. ^ <a href=" http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=164160&rn=1 ???? ?????? 2023-04-10 ?? Wayback Machine
  12. ^ ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Carlson? Neil (2010). Physiology of Behavior . Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon. ?.  412 ?426.
  13. ^ Funai, M.D.? Edmund. "Ghrelin, Hormone That Stimulates Appetite, Found To Be Higher In PWS" . ????? ?? [<a href=" http://www.pwsausa.org/research/ghrelin.htm ?????] ?? 31 ???? 2012 . ???? ???? ?????? 29</a> April 2012 . {{ ??????? ??? }} : ???? ?? ??????? ??: |????? ??????= ( ?????? ) ? ???? ?? ???? |????= ( ?????? )
  14. ^ Berg? JM. [<a href=" http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22436/ "Section 30.2Each Organ Has a Unique Metabolic Profile"]. Biochemistry</a> 5th Edition . W H Freeman . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-04-29 . {{ ??????? ??? }} : ???? ?? ???? |????= ( ?????? )
  15. ^ Little? TJ. [<a href=" http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16246215 "Role of cholecystokinin in appetite control and body weight regulation"]. Obesity</a> Reviews . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-04-29 . {{ ??????? ??? }} : ?????? author-name-list parameters ???? ???? ?? ??? ( ?????? ) ? ???? ?? ???? |????= ( ?????? )
  16. ^ Degen? L. [<a href=" http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16285944 "Effect of peptide YY3-36 on food intake in humans"] . ???? ???? ?????? 29</a> April 2012 . {{ ??????? ??? }} : ???? ?? ??????? ??: |????? ??????= ( ?????? ) ? ???? ?? ???? |????= ( ?????? )
  17. ^ Shimada? M. "MCH (Melanin Concentrating Hormone) and MCH-2 Receptor" . Mice</a> lacking Melanin-Concentrating Hormone are hypophagic and lean . ????? ?? [<a href=" http://www.phoenixbiotech.net/allobesity/Catalog%20Files/MCH%20Section/MCH.html ?????] ?? 2009-09-05 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-04-29 . {{ ??????? ??? }} : ???? ?? ???? |????= ( ?????? )

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