???? ????

???? ?????

??????? ?????? ^[1] ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ^[2] ( ??????????? : Big Rip )? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? 2003? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ? ????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????????. ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????????.

??????? ????? ???? [ ??? ]

????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? . ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? $w$ ? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???. ??? $w$ <?1, ??? ???? ????? ?? ???????. ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??????.

????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????. ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ????. ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? (????? ???????? ????????? ?? ??????????????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ) ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????. ????? ???? ??? ????????? ???????? ????? ??????? “ripped apart”. ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? “?????? ??????”? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ?????.

??? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????

$t_{rip}-t_{0}\approx {\frac {2}{3|1+w|H_{0}{\sqrt {1-\Omega _{m}}}}}$

??? ???? $w$ ????? ?????? ????? H ₀ ???? ???? ?Ω _m ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????.

??? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? $w$ =?1.5? H ₀ = 70 ??/?/??? ??? ????? ?Ω _m= 0,3? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? 22 ????? ??? ?? ????? ??????. ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????. ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? $w$ ????? ???? ?? ?1 ?? ?????? ??? ???? $w$ ????? ??????? ?? ????????. ???? ?????? ?????? (1 + $w$ ) ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????. ??? ???? $w$ ?????? ?????? ?????? ?1? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??? H ₀ ?? Ω _m.

?? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ???? $w$ = ?1,5? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????. ???? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ????? 60 ????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????. ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? (?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? 7.5 ????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???) ??? ????? ?????????. ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? . ^[3]

?????? ??????? [ ??? ]

????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? $w$ <?1? $w$ = ?1? ? $w$ > ?1. ^[4]^[5]

???? ????? [ ??? ]

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??????? [ ??? ]

^ ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? 07 ????? 2015 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ ??? ???? ????? ??????: ??? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ?????
^ Caldwell? Robert R. (2003). "Phantom Energy and Cosmic Doomsday". Physical Review Letters . ?. 91 ?. 7: 071301. arXiv : astro-ph/0302506 . Bibcode : 2003PhRvL..91g1301C . DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.071301 . PMID : 12935004 . {{ ??????? ?????? ????? }}: ?????? author-name-list parameters ???? ???? ?? ??? ( ?????? )
^ WMAP 9 Year Mission Results ???? ?????? 01 ????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ Allen? S. W.? Rapetti? D. A.? Schmidt? R. W.? Ebeling? H.? Morris? R. G.? Fabian? A. C. (2008). "Improved constraints on dark energy from Chandra X-ray observations of the largest relaxed galaxy clusters". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . ?. 383 ?. 3: 879. arXiv : 0706.0033 . Bibcode : 2008MNRAS.383..879A . DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.12610.x .

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

[1]

[1] ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? 07 ????? 2015 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[2] ??? ???? ????? ??????: ??? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ?????

[3] Caldwell? Robert R. (2003). "Phantom Energy and Cosmic Doomsday". Physical Review Letters . ?. 91 ?. 7: 071301. arXiv : astro-ph/0302506 . Bibcode : 2003PhRvL..91g1301C . DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.071301 . PMID : 12935004 . {{ ??????? ?????? ????? }}: ?????? author-name-list parameters ???? ???? ?? ??? ( ?????? )

[4] WMAP 9 Year Mission Results ???? ?????? 01 ????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[5] Allen? S. W.? Rapetti? D. A.? Schmidt? R. W.? Ebeling? H.? Morris? R. G.? Fabian? A. C. (2008). "Improved constraints on dark energy from Chandra X-ray observations of the largest relaxed galaxy clusters". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . ?. 383 ?. 3: 879. arXiv : 0706.0033 . Bibcode : 2008MNRAS.383..879A . DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.12610.x .

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