?????:???? ???? ?????? ?????? - ????????? ????? ??? ???????

????? : ???? ???? ?????? ??????

?? ?????????? ???????? ?????

??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? . ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ????????.
?????? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ?????? {{ ???? ???? ?????? ?????? }} ????? ?? {{ ???? }}.

??? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ???.

????? ????? ≪???? ???? ?????? ??????≫

????? ??? ??????? ??? 4 ?????? ?? ??? 4.

????:???? ???? ?????? ??????

?

?? ?? 1

?

????? (?????)

?

?? ????

?????? ?? ≪ https://ar.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=?????:????_????_??????_??????&oldid=66478416 ≫

??????? ?????: