???? ???

???? ??? ( ??????????? : Cao Kun )? (?. 1862 ? 1938 ? ) ^[3] ^[4] ?? ????? ^[5]? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ? ???? ?? ??????? ? ?? ??? ????? 76 ?????. ^[6]

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^ Immanuel C.Y. Hsu (2000). "20". The Rise of Modern China (???????????). Translated by ??? ????? (6th ed.). United States of America: Oxford University Press . p. 486. ISBN : 978-0-19-512504-7 . OCLC : 40595619 . OL : 30971M . QID : Q15138081 .
^ https://www.emedals.com/china-beiyang-government-a-cao-kun-memorial-decoration-c-1925 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-07-05 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ "???? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? (VIAF)" . ??? ??????? ???? ???????= . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-04-30 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-04-09 .
^ "???? ???? ??? - National Thesaurus for Author Names identifier"? NTA {{ ??????? }}: ?????? |????? ?????? ????? ?? |????= ( ?????? )
^ "China, Beiyang Government. A Cao Kun Memorial Decoration, c.1925" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-07-05 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-07-05 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: ?????? ??? ??????? |scripttitle= ?? ?????? ( ?????? )
^ "???? ????? ????????? ?????? ????????? (VIAF) ????? ???? ???" . VIAF . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-04-30 . ???? ???? ?????? 2019-01-18 .

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???? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????
????????? ??????? (1912?1913)	??? ??? ??? ???? ?????
??????? ????? (1913?1928)	???? ????? Li Yuanhong Feng Guozhang ?? ??????? Zhou Ziqi Li Yuanhong Gao Lingwei ???? ??? ????? ?? Duan Qirui ?? ??? ??? ??? Yan Huiqing Du Xigui ??????? ?? Zhang Zuolin
????????? ??????? (1928?1948)	Tan Yankai ????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???
????????? ????????? (??? 1948)	????? ??? ??? Li Zongren ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???-??? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??