한국   대만   중국   일본 
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Bitcoin
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19 ????? 2009 ? ??? 15 ???  ( 2009-01-19 )
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XBT? BTC? ? ???????:

  1. ??? ??????? - mBTC
  2. ????? ??????? - μBTC
  3. ?????? - Satoshi
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  • 27?192?69 ????? ?????? [1] (31 ????? 2023) عدل القيمة على Wikidata
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????? - ????? ????? - ????? ???? ?????? حول القالب

??????? (?) ( ??????????? : Bitcoin )? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? 2008 ?? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ? [2] ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? 2009 ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? . [3]

??????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ????? ? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ???? (???? ???????). [4] ? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ? ??? ????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? . [5] ????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????. [6] ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ??? 2017? ???? ?? ??? 2.9 ??? 5.8 ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????????.

????? ????????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ??????????. ?????? ??? ??????????? ????? ≪????? ???????≫. [7] [8]

???? ????????? ???? ??? 2009 ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???????.

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??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? 2008? [9] ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ????????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ( ??????????? : Peer-to-Peer )?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ( ???????? ). ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? 2009 [10] ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????.

??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? [ ??? ]

??? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? 10?000 ?????? ?? 18 ???? 2010? ??? 11 ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? 10,000 ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? $318000000. [11]

???? ?????? [ ??? ]

?? ??? 2016 ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ??????. [12]

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???? ?????? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ?????????. ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ?? BTC ? XTC ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ?. ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????????? ?? ??????????? ???? (mBTC) ??????? ???? (sat). ?? ????? ?????? sat ??????? ????? ?????? ??? satoshi? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???? 1?100000000 ???????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???????. ????? ??????? ????? 1?1000 ???????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????????? ?? 100,000 ??????.

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????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ????????? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ( ??????????? : blockchain )?. ?????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ????????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ????????. ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????????? ???? ??? ???????? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??????. ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ≪???? ???????≫ ( ??????????? : genesis block )? . ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ????. ??? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????. [13]

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?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ( ??????????? : cryptocurrency )? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ????????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ???????? ??????. ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? 60 ????? ??????? ??????? ???? 6 ?????? ????? ????? ????????? [14] ???? ???????? ??? ??? ??????????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????. ???? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? Ripple ? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????.

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????????? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?? ????????? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???????? (??? ????????) ??? ???????? ??? ?? ????.

???? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ( ??????????? : Peer-to-Peer )? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? (???????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ) ???? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???.

????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??????????. ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????????. ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ??????.

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???? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? (???????????: Pool) ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?????. [ ????? ????? ]

?????? ????? ????? "??????" ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? 2 ?????? 2024 ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????????. [15]

????? ??????? ?????? ????? "??????" ???????? ????? ?? 113 ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?? 1.0566 ??????? ?? ?????? ?? 2013 ??? ???? ?? 121 ??????? ?? ?????? ???? 2023? ???? ?????? (ccaf). [16]

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????? ???? ????????? ???? ???? ?? ??????. ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???. ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??????????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ????????? ????. ?? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?????????. ????? ?? ????? ????????? ????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????. ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ????. ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????. ???? ??? ?? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????.

Bitcoin anonymity

????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????????. ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??????????? ?? ????????? ????? ???. ???? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????.

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????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ??????.

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??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????????.

???????? ??? ???? ????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????. ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????.??????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??? 30000 ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ?????.

??? 10 ????? 2024? ????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?? "??????"? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? 1.7 ??????? ????? ???????. [17]

??? 11 ????? 2024? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??"??????" ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? 3.5 ????? ????? ?? 11 ????? "??????" ?????? ??????. [18]

???? ????? "??????" ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????. [19]

??? 18 ????? 2024? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? "???? ???" ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????. [20]

?????? 30 ????? 2024? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? (??????? ????????) ????? "??????" ?? ????? ?????? ???????? "?? ?? ?? ????" (CME Group) ????? 24% ??????? ??? 20679 ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? "???????"? ???? ??? ?? ??? 10 ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? "??????" ?????? ??? ????? ??????. ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ???? "??????" ????? 157% ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????. [21]

??? 5 ?????? 2024? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? "???????" ?? ???????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?? "??????" ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? 1.6 ????? ????? ??? ????. [22]

???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? 11 ?????? ??????? ????????? ???? 9 ??????? ????? ??? ????. [23]

???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? 11 ????? 2024 ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??? 50 ??? ????? ??? 12 ?????? 2024 ????? ?????? ??? ?????? 2021. [24]

??? ????????? [ ??? ]

??? ????????? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? 58000 [25] ????? ????? ?? ?????. ???? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????????? ???. ?? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ????????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ????????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???. ???????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????. ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? $3,925,863 ???? ??????? ???24 ???????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? 11,388,578 ???? ??? /??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ?????? ????. ??? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????.

????? ??? ???? ????????? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? Radeon 5870 video card ????? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????. ?????? ????? Radeon 5870 ?? ????? 402 ???? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? 1.2 ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ?????. ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??????? 14,164,898 ???? ?????? $16,997,877 ??? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? $13,072,014 ????? ?????????.

???? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ??????.

?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????/ ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????. ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???. ??? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????.

?? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ????????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ????????? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????. ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ????????? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? 4 ?????. ?? ???????? ????????? ????? ????? ?? ??????????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ????? ???? ??? ???? “???????” hardness ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????????? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????????? ?????.

??? 25 ?????? 2023? ?????? ???? "??????" ????? 23% ??? ????? "????? ??????" ??????? 34 ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? 2022. [26]

??? ??? ???? ???? ????????? [27] ???? ?? 40675 ????? ?? ????? 8/1/2021 ????? ???? ??? ?????.

??? 4 ?????? 2023 ??? ??? ?????? ??? 40867 ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??? 146%. [28]

??? 6 ?????? 2023 ????? ??? ?????? ???? 44000 ????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??????. [29]

??? 23 ?????? 2023 ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? 160% ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ????530 ????? ?????. [30]

??? 3 ????? 2024 ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??? 41000 ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? 2023. [31]

??? 9 ????? 2024? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? 10% ???? ????? ??? 46770 ???????. [32] ???? ??? ?????? 163% ??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???????. [33]

??? 11 ????? 2024????? ???? ??????? ??? 46400 ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????. [34]

??? 8 ?????? 2024? ????? ??? "??????" ?? ????? 45 ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????. [35]

??? 12 ?????? 2024 ??? ??? ?????? ??? 50 ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? 2021 ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? 11 ????? 2024? ???? ??????????? ???? ???? 9 ??????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????. [36]

??? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? 49% ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? "???????" ???? ?? 19 ?????? 2024? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??"??????" ??? 78000 ?????. [37]

??? 26 ?????? 2024? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ????? 53 ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??????. [38] ??? 27 ??????2024 ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? 57 ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? 2021. [39] [40]

??? ??? ?????? ????? 13% ?? 28 ?????? 2024 ??? 63968 ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ???? 60 ??? ????? ??? ?????? 2021? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? 61300 ????? ?? ????? ??????. [41]

??? 2024 ??? ??? ?????? ??? 63.6 ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? 68.9 ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? 2021? ???? ?????? "???????". [42] ??? 11 ???? 2024 ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? 71 ??? ?????. [43]

????? [ ??? ]

????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??????. ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? [44]

??? ???? ??? [ ??? ]

????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ≪?????? ????????≫ ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??? (ATM) ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? 30/10/2013. [45]

??????? ??????? [ ??? ]

???? ?????? ????? Electrum

???? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????. ?? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????????. ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? 2009 ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????. ??????? ??? ??????? -????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??????- ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????. ??? ????? Bitcoin-Qt ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?????????. ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?/?? ????? QR codes ?????? ???? ??????? ??????. ??? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ???????.

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??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ???????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??≪???????≫? ?? ??? ???? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????.

???? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ???.

???? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???. [46]

??? 30 ????? 2024? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? 50 ??? ???? "??????" ????? ????? 2.1 ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????. [47]

??????? ?? ?????? ?????? [ ??? ]

?????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ????. ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? [48] ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ???????. [49] ??? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????.

????? ????? ????? [ ??? ]

??????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????????. ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ? "altcoins" ?? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???????. ??? ???????? ??? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??: ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????. [ ????? ????? ] ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????:

????????  : ??? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??????. ???? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????. ????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ?????????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????????? ?? ????????.

????????  : ????? ???? ????? ??????????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ??????.

???????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ????. ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????.

??????? : ????? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??????. ??? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ????????. ??? ???? ?????? ??????????? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ???????? ?????? ???. ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ????? ????? ??????.

??????? : ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ????????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????????? ????? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????. ??? ????????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ???????.

??????? : ?? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???????. ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????.

??????? : ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? (ADA)? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??????. ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?????.

????? [ ??? ]

  1. ^ ???? ????: https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/bitcoin/ .
  2. ^ "Who is Satoshi Nakamoto?" . The Economist . 2 ?????? 2015. ISSN : 0013-0613 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-11-22 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-01-26 .
  3. ^ Mastering bitcoin : unlocking digital cryptocurrencies (?. First edition). Sebastopol, CA. ISBN : 978-1-4493-7404-4 . OCLC : 876351095 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-01-19. {{ ??????? ????? }} : |????= ????? ??? ?? ???? ( ?????? )
  4. ^ https://www.fincen.gov/sites/default/files/2016-08/20131118.pdf ???? ?????? 2020-10-03 ?? Wayback Machine
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  6. ^ "What is bitcoin?" . CNNMoney . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-12-21 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-01-26 .
  7. ^ "Bitcoin | CFTC" . cftc.gov (???????????). Archived from the original on 2021-01-25 . Retrieved 2021-01-26 .
  8. ^ "SEC.gov | INVESTOR ALERT: BITCOIN AND OTHER VIRTUAL CURRENCY-RELATED INVESTMENTS" . www.sec.gov . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-12-12 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-01-26 .
  9. ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20191231235902/https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf . ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2019-12-31. {{ ??????? ??? }} : ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? ( ?????? )
  10. ^ "The Rise and Fall of Bitcoin" [en]. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2014-03-18 . ???? ???? ?????? 2019-12-17 .
  11. ^ "??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? 600 ????? ??????" . ?????? . 19 ???? 2021. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-05-16 . ???? ???? ?????? 2023-02-15 .
  12. ^ ????????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????????? ???? ?????? 2018-11-16 ?? Wayback Machine
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  15. ^ "????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????" . ???????? ?????? ????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-02-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-02-04 .
  16. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (13 ?????? 2024). "??????? ????? "??????" ???????? ?????? 113 ??? ?? 10 ?????" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-02-13 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-02-13 .
  17. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (10 ????? 2024). "?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? "??????" ?????????" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-01-12 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-01-13 .
  18. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (11 ????? 2024). "????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?????? "??????" ?????????" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-01-12 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-01-12 .
  19. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (20 ?????? 2024). "????? "??????" ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-02-24 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-02-24 .
  20. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (18 ????? 2024). "????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??"???? ???" ?????? ????? ?????" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-01-19 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-01-18 .
  21. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (31 ????? 2024). "????? ??? ???? "??????" ?????? ?????" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-02-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-01-31 .
  22. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (5 ?????? 2024). "?????? "??????" ????????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? "???????" " . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-02-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-02-06 .
  23. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (12 ?????? 2024). "?????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-02-12 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-02-12 .
  24. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (14 ?????? 2024). "??? ?????? ?? ?????????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????????" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-02-27 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-02-14 .
  25. ^ "????? ???? ???? ???? ?????????..??? ??????? ??? 58 ??? ????? ???? ??? ???????? - ????? ???" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-02-22 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-02-22 .
  26. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (25 ?????? 2023). "????????: "??????" ????? ????? 23% ??? ?????? ????? ??????" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-01-24 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-01-23 .
  27. ^ "??????? ????? ??? ?????? XRP ????? 23000 ????? ?????? - ??????" . ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? . 17 ?????? 2020. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-12-17 . ???? ???? ?????? 2020-12-19 .
  28. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (3 ?????? 2023). "??? ?????? ???? 40 ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? 2022" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-12-04 . ???? ???? ?????? 2023-12-04 .
  29. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (6 ?????? 2023). "??? ?????? ????? 44 ??? ????? ??? ?????? 16% ?? 6 ????" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-01-02 . ???? ???? ?????? 2023-12-06 .
  30. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (23 ?????? 2023). "?????? ???? 160% ?? 2023 ?????? ??? "???? ??????" ?? ?????" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-01-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-01-07 .
  31. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (3 ????? 2024). " "??????" ???? ?????? ????? ??? 41 ??? ?????" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-01-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-01-03 .
  32. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (9 ????? 2024). "?????? ?????? ??? 47 ??? ?????" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-01-10 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-01-09 .
  33. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (10 ????? 2024). "??? "??????" ????? ??? 45 ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???????" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-01-11 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-01-11 .
  34. ^ " "???????" ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????" . ??????? ?? . 11/01/2024. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-01-11 . ???? ???? ?????? 11/01/2024 . {{ ??????? ??? }} : ???? ?? ??????? ??: |????? ??????= ? |?????= ( ?????? )
  35. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (8 ?????? 2024). "??? "??????" ????? ?? 45 ??? ?????" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asharqbusiness.com%2F&tfcd=0&npa=0&sz=300x250%7C300x256%7C400x300%7C640x480&cmsid=%5Bplaceholder%5D&vid=%5Bplaceholder%5D&gdfp_req=1&output=xml_vast4&unviewed_position_start=1&env=vp&correlator=2708090854200640&nofb=1&sdkv=h.3.618.0&osd=2&frm=0&vis=1&sdr=1&hl=en&is_amp=0&u_so=l&ctv=0&us_privacy=1---&gdpr=0&gpp_sid=-1&sdki=445&ptt=20&adk=2219924204&sdk_apis=2%2C7%2C8&omid_p=Google1%2Fh.3.618.0&media_url= https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.impactify.media%2Fmedias%2Fgetfile.webm%3Fv%3Dv5-1.10.4&sid=6A444500-C1B3-4721-93BC-DE3EF87A5D69&nel=0&eid=44772139%2C44773379%2C44777649%2C44781409%2C44806075%2C95321947%2C95322027&url= https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asharqbusiness.com%2Farticle%2F60261%2F%25D8%25B3%25D8%25B9%25D8%25B1-%25D8%25A8%25D8%25AA%25D9%2583%25D9%2588%25D9%258A%25D9%2586-%25D9%258A%25D9%2582%25D8%25AA%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A8-%25D9%2585%25D9%2586-45-%25D8%25A3%25D9%2584%25D9%2581-%25D8%25AF%25D9%2588%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%2F&dt=1707439484050&cookie=ID%3De58b0fbf3d9586d4%3AT%3D1707439471%3ART%3D1707439471%3AS%3DALNI_MYOrRWRzNC2WEabj6hyIZXerQxB-A&gpic=UID%3D00000dbe8f301f36%3AT%3D1707439471%3ART%3D1707439471%3AS%3DALNI_MZ11pNQNs3DEGKqalM1ifjcXJ9PsA&scor=3780960680693577&ged=ve4_td0_tt0_pd0_la0_er1511.403.1665.703_vi1400.0.2300.1385_vp100_eb24299 ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-02-09 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-02-08 . {{ ??????? ??? }} : ???? ?? ???? |???? ?????= ( ?????? )
  36. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (12 ?????? 2024). "??? ?????? ??? ??? 50 ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? 2021" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-02-12 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-02-12 .
  37. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (19 ?????? 2024). "????? ????? "??????" ???? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-02-26 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-02-22 .
  38. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (26 ?????? 2024). "??? "??????" ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?????" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-02-26 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-02-26 .
  39. ^ "??? ?????? ?????? 57 ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ????? 2021" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . 27 ?????? 2024. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-02-27 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-02-27 .
  40. ^ " "???????" ?????? 57 ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? 2021" . ???????? ????? . 27 ?????? 2024. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-02-27 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-02-27 .
  41. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (29 ?????? 2024). "??? ?????? ?????? ??? 60 ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-03-01 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-02-29 .
  42. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (3 ???? 2024). " "??????" ???? 47% ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-03-04 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-03-03 .
  43. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (11 ???? 2024). "??? ?????? ????? 71 ??? ????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????????" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-03-11 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-03-11 .
  44. ^ ???? ???? ???? ????????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? 20 ???? ?????? 2015-06-15 ?? Wayback Machine
  45. ^ ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????????? ???? ?????? 2014-06-05 ?? Wayback Machine
  46. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (6 ????? 2024). "?????? "??????" ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????????" . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-01-06 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-01-06 .
  47. ^ ???????? ?????? ????? ?? (30 ????? 2024). "?????? ????????? ????? 50 ??? ???? "??????" " . ?????? ????? ?? ??????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2024-02-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-02-01 .
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????? ?????? [ ??? ]

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