????? 8 (?????)

?? ?????????? ???????? ?????
????? 8 (?????)

Bumper 5, launched February 24, 1949
??????? ????? ?????
?????? Army Ballistic Missile Agency
??? ????? Germany/United States
????? 5 ??? 5 ???? (1.65 ?)
????? ???????
?????? Retired
???? ???????
??? ????????? ?????? 8
??? ????? May 13, 1948
??? ????? July 29, 1950

'''????? 8 ''' ?? RTV-G-4 Bumper ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? . ??? ???? ?? ????? V-2 ???????? ?????? WAC Corporal ? ?? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????????. ???? ?????? Bumper ?????? ?????? ??? 13 ???? 1948 ? 29 ????? 1950. [1] ?? ????? ??? 6 ????? ?? White Sands Missile Range ? ???? ??????? ?????? '''????? 8 '''?? 24 ????? 1950 ? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? Cape Canaveral . [2]

?????? ????? [ ??? ]

??????? [ ??? ]

"???? ???????" ????? ?? ??????: ??????? ?????? V-2 ???????? ?????? ???? ? WAC Corporal ??????? ???????.

?? ????? ?????? Bumper ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? : ??????? ?????? ????? V-2 ???????? ???????? ??????? ????? WAC Corporal ?? ????? 1946 ?? ??? ????????? ????? ?? ??????. [3] ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????????? ??????? ? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??? 1945 / ????? ??? 1946 ?????? ???? V-2 ????? ?? 15 ???? 1946. [4] :235-237

?? ?????? ????? ?? 20 ????? 1947 ? ?? ???:

  • ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ????????? ????? ?????.
  • ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ??????.
  • ????? ????? ????????? ??????. [5]

?????? ????? V-2 ?????? ???? ?≪??? ????????≫ ?????? ?????. ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???? V-2 ????? ? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? 20 ??? (32 ???) . ???? ??? ?????? ???? ????? WAC Corporal ?????? ?????. ??? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? V-2 ?????? ?? ?? WAC Corporal??? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? V-2 ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? . ???? ???? ?????? ??????? V-2 ????? 100 ??? (160 ???) ? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???? 25 ??? (40 ???) ( 43.5 ??? (70.0 ???) ??). ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? V-2 ????. [6] :235, 260

?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? (??? ???? ?????? ? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ???????) [6] :259 ????? ??? 25 ??? (11 ???) ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????. [7] ?

??????? [ ??? ]

?? ????? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? Hermes . ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????. ?? ????? ???? Douglas Aircraft Company ?????? ??????? ??????? ? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? V-2 ?????? ????????. [5]

?? ????? ?? ?? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? V-2 ? ??? . ???? ??????? ? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? (???? ??? ???????). [8]

???????? [ ??? ]

?? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? . ? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? 1947/1948 ? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????. [9] ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? 3:14 ????? ( MST ) ? 24 ?????? 1949. [6] :257

??? ????? 5 ?? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????. [9] ??? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ? ??? ?????? 20 ??? (32 ???) ????? ??? ????? ?? 1 ??? (1.6 ???) ?? ??????? ? ????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? V-2 ????? ????? ?????. ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ???? 1.39 ??? (2.24 ???) ?? ???????. [6] :257 ????? ???? ??????? 250 ??? (400 ???) ? ??? ??? ????? ????? ? [10] ???? 6 ????? ???? ??? ???????.

????? ??????? ?????? ?? V-2 ?? ????? ??? ?????? 20 ??? (32 ???) ??? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? . ????? ??? ?????? ??? 12 ????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? 80 ??? (130 ???) ?? ???? ???????. ???? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ???? ? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? 1950. [6] :257-8

?? ??? 1949 ?? ????? ??? ???????? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? . ?? 24 ????? 1950 ? ???? ????? 8 ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ≪??? ?????????≫ ? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? 2021. [5] ??? ??? ????????? 8 ? 7 (?????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ? ????? ?????) ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????????. [6] :259 ?? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????. [11]

????? ??????? [ ??? ]

??? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????
1948
????? 1 13 ???? 1948 ?????? ??????? ?????? 33 127.3 ??????? (79.1 ???) ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? WAC ???? ??????.
????? 2 19 ????? 1948 ???? ????? ?????? 33 13.4 ??????? (8.3 ???) ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????.
????? 3 30 ?????? 1948 ???? ????? ?????? 33 150.3 ??????? (93.4 ???) ???? ????? WAC.
????? 4 1 ?????? 1948 ???? ????? ?????? 33 4.8 ??????? (3.0 ???) ?????? ?? ??? V-2.
1949
????? 5 24 ?????? 1949 ???? ????? ?????? 33 403 ??????? (250 ???) ???? ?????. ??? ??????? ??? 35 ??????? (22 ???) .
????? 6 21 ????? 1949 ???? ????? ?????? 33 49.9 ??????? (31.0 ???) ??? V-2 ?????? ?????? ? ???? ????? WAC ?? ????? ?????.
1950
?????? 8 24 ????? 1950 ??? ????????? ?????? 3 16.1 ??????? (10.0 ???) ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? 320 ??????? (200 ???) . ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????????.
???? ??????? 7 29 ????? 1950 ??? ????????? 16.1 ??????? (10.0 ???) ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? 320 ??????? (200 ???) .

???? ???? [ ??? ]

???? ?????? ??? ??? 1951

??????? [ ??? ]

  1. ^ "Bumper Project" . White Sands History ? Fact Sheets and Articles . US Army. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2008-01-10 . ???? ???? ?????? 2007-12-02 .
  2. ^ "A Brief History of Rocketry" . History of Manned Spaceflight . ???? ?????? ?????? . 24 ????? 2000. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2009-01-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2008-10-01 .
  3. ^ "Biographies of Aerospace Officials and Policymakers, T-Z" . NASA History Division. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-06-11 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-07-01 .
  4. ^ Willy Ley (????? 1951). Rockets, Missiles, and Space Travel . Dominion of Canada: Viking Press. OCLC : 716327624 .
  5. ^ ? ? ? "A Brief History of Rocketry" . History of Manned Spaceflight . ???? ?????? ?????? . 24 ????? 2000. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2009-01-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2008-10-01 . "A Brief History of Rocketry" . History of Manned Spaceflight . Merritt Island, Florida : Kennedy Space Center . 2000-08-24. Archived from the original on 2009-01-07 . Retrieved 2008-10-01 .
  6. ^ ? ? ? ? ? ? Willy Ley (????? 1951). Rockets, Missiles, and Space Travel . Dominion of Canada: Viking Press. OCLC : 716327624 . Willy Ley (June 1951). Rockets, Missiles, and Space Travel . Dominion of Canada: Viking Press. OCLC   716327624 .
  7. ^ "Overselling the Missile" . Aviation Week and Space Technology . New York: McGraw Hill Publishing Company. 31 ????? 1950. ?. 46. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-10-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-06-19 .
  8. ^ "Bumper: The Story Behind the First Launches From the Cape" . NASA. 22 ?????? 2007. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-10-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-06-19 .
  9. ^ ? ? "Bumper Project" . White Sands History ? Fact Sheets and Articles . US Army. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2008-01-10 . ???? ???? ?????? 2007-12-02 . "Bumper Project" . White Sands History ? Fact Sheets and Articles . US Army. Archived from the original on 2008-01-10 . Retrieved 2007-12-02 .
  10. ^ " 'Bumper' Missile in Public Showing" . Aviation Week and Space Technology . New York: McGraw Hill Publishing Company. 24 ????? 1950. ?. 17. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-10-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-06-19 .
  11. ^ "Overselling the Missile" . Aviation Week and Space Technology . New York: McGraw Hill Publishing Company. 31 ????? 1950. ?. 46. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-10-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-06-19 . "Overselling the Missile" . Aviation Week and Space Technology . New York: McGraw Hill Publishing Company. 1950-07-31. p. 46 . Retrieved 2021-06-19 .
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