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???? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???????????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???????. ^[1]^[2]^[3] ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????. ????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?? ??????? Prettanike ????????? ?? Brettaniai? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? . ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ???????. ?? 43 ? ???? ???????????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????????? (?????? ????????). ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???????????. ?? ????? ??????? ???? ????????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ???????.

??? ????????? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ?????????? ????????? Prydain ??????. ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????????. ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??? 1707? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??????????? ?????????? ???? ?????. ???? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? 2008? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ≪????????≫ ????? ????? ???? ?????. ?? ??? 2015 ??? ????? ?????? 2 ￡ ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????????.

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????? ?????? [ ??? ]

Britannia on British coins and medals ? Guy de la Bedoyere
Britannia Penny
David Dimbleby. "Age of Conquest" . Seven Ages of Britain . 6:56 ?????. BBC 1. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-04-08 . ???? ???? ?????? 21 Nov 201 . {{ ??????? ????? }}: ???? ?? ??????? ??: |????? ??????= ( ?????? )

????? [ ??? ]

^ obsides is Latin, meaning hostage ???? ?????? 24 ?????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ Creighton, John (31 Jan 2006). Britannia: The Creation of a Roman Province (???????????). Routledge. p. 3. ISBN : 9781134318407 . Archived from the original on 2020-03-09.
^ "Britishness" . Oxford English Dictionary Online . ?????? 2008. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-03-09 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-09-14 .

????:?????? ??????? ??????? ???????

?? ????? ??? ?????? ??: ????????

??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???????. ????? ???? ?? ???????.

??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???????. ????? ???? ?? ???????.

[1] sides is Latin, meaning hostage ???? ?????? 24 ?????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[2] Creighton, John (31 Jan 2006). Britannia: The Creation of a Roman Province (???????????). Routledge. p. 3. ISBN : 9781134318407 . Archived from the original on 2020-03-09.

[3] "Britishness" . Oxford English Dictionary Online . ?????? 2008. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-03-09 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-09-14 .

[1]

[2]

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