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????? ( ????????? : ????? )? ????? ????? ?????? ? ????????? ? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ? ?????? ????? . ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? 1?647 ????. ^[2] ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????????? ????? ?? 350 ?????. ^[2] ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?? 183. ^[2]

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????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??? 2007? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? 20 ??? ???? ?? ?????. ???? ?????? ≪ ??? ????? ?? ??????? ≫. ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??????. ^[3]

?? 15 ????? 2021? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? 2021. ^[4]

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???? ?? ????? 6 ???: ????? ?????? ???? ? ??????? ? ??????? ?????. ??? ??? ????? 20 ?? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ????? . ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? 2850 ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? 2500 ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????.

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????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ?????? 350 ??????? ? 183 ?????? ???. ^[2] ?????? ????? ????? ????? (54?) ????? ???????? (33?). ^[2] ???? ??????? ??????? 7? ??? ?? ?????? ????????? ???????. ^[2] ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?4 ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????. ^[2]

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??? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ^[??????????]‏ ????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ?????. ????? ????? ^[??????????]‏ ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ???? ????? ???????.

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^ "???? ????? (?????????) ?? GeoNames ID" . GeoNames ID . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-06-04 .
^ ^? ^? ^? ^? ^? ^? ^? "The State of Afghan Cities report2015" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2015-10-31 . ???? ???? ?????? 2015-10-22 .
^ Afghan Governor Has Big Plans for Lonely Province , Soraya Sarhaddi Nelson, National Public Radio, 13 November 2007, ... The 50-year-old governor says Parun ? the first city in Nuristan ? is only the beginning for a province where residents farm and raise goats to survive ... ???? ?????? 2021-04-10 ?? Wayback Machine
^ "Mapping Taliban Contested and Controlled Districts in Afghanistan" . 15 ????? 2021. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-07-12 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-08-15 .

????? ?? ???????? ??????? :

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??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???????. ????? ???? ?? ???????.

[GeoNames_ID-1] "???? ????? (?????????) ?? GeoNames ID" . GeoNames ID . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-06-04 .

[:0-2] ? ^? ^? ^? ^? ^? ^? "The State of Afghan Cities report2015" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2015-10-31 . ???? ???? ?????? 2015-10-22 .

[npr2007hfe-3] Afghan Governor Has Big Plans for Lonely Province , Soraya Sarhaddi Nelson, National Public Radio, 13 November 2007, ... The 50-year-old governor says Parun ? the first city in Nuristan ? is only the beginning for a province where residents farm and raise goats to survive ... ???? ?????? 2021-04-10 ?? Wayback Machine

[مولد_تلقائيا6-4] "Mapping Taliban Contested and Controlled Districts in Afghanistan" . 15 ????? 2021. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-07-12 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-08-15 .

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[2]

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[4]