?????? ?????

?????? ?????
( ????????? : ???? ????? )?
??????? ?????
???????	6 ????? 1929 ; ????
??????	3 ?????? 1996 (67 ???) ; ?????
??? ??????	????? ?????
??????	????? ????????? ; ??????? ?????????
?????
???? ????? ?????????
	?? ?????? ; 27 ?????? 1979 ? 11 ????? 1981
	???? ???? ????
?????? ???????
??????? ????	????? ????
??????	????? ? ????????? ? ??????
?????	????? ?????????? ?????? ????????????
???????
IMDB	????? ??? IMDB
	????? ????? - ?????

?????? ????? ( ????????? : ???? ????? ) (?. 1929 ? 1996 ? ) ?? ????? ? ????????? ? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ??????. ^[1]^[2]^[3] ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? 1979 ?????? ?????????? ??? ????? ????????? ?????????? ? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?????.

????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????. ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????????? ?????????? (PDPA) ?? ???? ?????? ????? ≪????≫ ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? 1967 ??????? ????? ?? ???? ≪???≫ ???? ??? ????? ???????????. ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ??? 1965? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ??? 1969.

??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ??? 1973 . ??? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????????? . ??? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??????????? ?? ??? 1977? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? 1978 ????? ???? ????? ??????. ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????. ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????. ?? ????? 1978? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????. ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?????????. ??? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???????. ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????????????? StB. ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? KHAD ????? ????? ??? ????????????? ??????? ??????. ?? ????? ??? 1979 ?????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? 1979? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ????????? (??????? ????? ????) ?????? ????????? ?? ??????. ???? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?? ?????.

???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? (???? ??????? ?????????) ????? ???? ??????? ?? 27 ?????? 1979. ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? 1981? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? . ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????????. ??? ??? ??? ??????? ≪??????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???????????≫? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????. ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???????. ???? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? - ??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ????????. ??? ??? ????????? ????????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????. ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? 1986 ???????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????????. ??? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????. ???? ????? ??? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ????????? ?? ??? 1991? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? 1992. ??? ??????? ???? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ?????. ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??? 1996? ???? ????? ?????? ????? .

?????? ???????? ???????? [ ??? ]

??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? 6 ????? ?? ??? 1929 ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? . ^[4] ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?????. ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????. ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?????. ?? ??? 1986? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????. ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????. ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? (???? ????? ????????? ??????) ????? ?????????. ^[5]

????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ? ????? ???? ?? ??? 1948? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????. ?? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????. ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? (???? ???? ??????)? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???????. ^[6] ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??? 1951 ??? ??? 1953. ?? ??? 1953 ????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? 3 ????? ?? ??? 1956 ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???. ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? 1957? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???????. ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? 1960? ??? ??? 1961? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????. ??? ??? 1961 ??? ??? 1963 ??? ?? ????? ???????. ?? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???. ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????????. ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????????. ^[7]

???????? ???????? [ ??? ]

???? ???? ???? ??? ???? 1953 ?1956? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ?????. ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ≪???? ??????≫? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????????? . ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ????????. ^[8] ???? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ??? 4 ???? ??? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ????. ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????. ???? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? (????? ???????) ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? 1965 ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????. ^[9] ????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????. ^[10]

???? ?????????? ?????????? ???? 1965 ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? 4 ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ?????. ?? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? 50 ????? ?? ?? ??????. ???????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ????????. ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? (??? ????? ?????) ????? ????? 3 ????? ?? ?? ??????? ???????. ?? ??? 1966? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ?????. ^[11]

?? ??? 1967? ???? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????. ??? ???? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???. ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ??. ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????. ??? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ????????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?? 8 ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???????. ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ???????. ^[12] ????? ?????????? ???????????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????. ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????????. ???? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????????. ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??????. ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????. ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ? ≪????? ??????? ??????≫. ????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ???? 1969. ^[13]

??? ???? [ ??? ]

???? ???? ???? ??? ? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? 1973. ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????. ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???????. ???? ???????????? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ????????. ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ??????. ?? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ????????????? ??????. ????? ????? 1975? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????. ??? ???? ????? ???????????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? (???? ???? ????). ^[14]

??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ???????????? ?? ???????. ??? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???????. ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ???????? ????????? ????????? ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????. ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? (?????? ???? ?????) ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ????????? ??? ??????. ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? 1979? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????. ^[15]

??? ???? ?????? [ ??? ]

??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?????????? ?????? ????????. ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ???????. ???? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???????. ???? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????. ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ???????: ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? (????? ????? ??????????) ?????? ???? ??? (???? ??? ??????). ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ??????. ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????. ^[16]

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

?????? ????? ??? ???? IMDb (??????????)
?????? ????? ??? ???? Encyclopædia Britannica Online (??????????)
?????? ????? ??? ???? Munzinger IBA (?????????)
?????? ????? ??? ???? NNDB people (??????????)
?????? ????? ??? ???? ????????? (???????)

????? [ ??? ]

^ "??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???? munzinger.de" . munzinger.de. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-03-05.
^ "??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???? bigenc.ru" . bigenc.ru. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-13.
^ "??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???? data.beeldengeluid.nl" . data.beeldengeluid.nl. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-05-24.
^ H. Kakar & M. Kakar 1997 ? ???? 65 .
^ Arnold 1983 ? ???? 19 .
^ Clements 2003 ? ???? 141 .
^ H. Kakar & M. Kakar 1997 ? ???? 64 .
^ Rasanayagam 2005 ? ???? 47 .
^ Rasanayagam 2005 ? ???? 48 .
^ Rasanayagam 2005 ? ???? 49 .
^ Arnold 1983 ? ???? 32 .
^ Arnold 1983 ? ???? 34 .
^ Gladstone 2001 ? ???? 114 .
^ Tomsen 2011 ? ???? 105 .
^ Tomsen 2011 ? ???? 107 .
^ Asthana & Nirmal 2009 ? ???? 219 .

?? ????? ??? ?????? ??: ?????? ?????

[1] "??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???? munzinger.de" . munzinger.de. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-03-05.

[2] "??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???? bigenc.ru" . bigenc.ru. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-13.

[3] "??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???? data.beeldengeluid.nl" . data.beeldengeluid.nl. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-05-24.

[FOOTNOTEH._KakarM._Kakar1997[https://books.google.com/books?id=QyTmFj5tUGsC&pg=PA65_65]-4] H. Kakar & M. Kakar 1997 ? ???? 65 .

[FOOTNOTEArnold1983[https://books.google.com/books?id=cd85ioPsz6cC&pg=PA19_19]-5] Arnold 1983 ? ???? 19 .

[FOOTNOTEClements2003[https://books.google.com/books?id=bv4hzxpo424C&pg=PA141_141]-6] Clements 2003 ? ???? 141 .

[FOOTNOTEH._KakarM._Kakar1997[https://books.google.com/books?id=QyTmFj5tUGsC&pg=PA64_64]-7] H. Kakar & M. Kakar 1997 ? ???? 64 .

[FOOTNOTERasanayagam2005[https://books.google.com/books?id=5L8CnWkACQkC&pg=PA47_47]-8] Rasanayagam 2005 ? ???? 47 .

[FOOTNOTERasanayagam2005[https://books.google.com/books?id=5L8CnWkACQkC&pg=PA48_48]-9] Rasanayagam 2005 ? ???? 48 .

[FOOTNOTERasanayagam2005[https://books.google.com/books?id=5L8CnWkACQkC&pg=PA49_49]-10] Rasanayagam 2005 ? ???? 49 .

[FOOTNOTEArnold1983[https://books.google.com/books?id=cd85ioPsz6cC&pg=PA32_32]-11] Arnold 1983 ? ???? 32 .

[FOOTNOTEArnold1983[https://books.google.com/books?id=cd85ioPsz6cC&pg=PA34_34]-12] Arnold 1983 ? ???? 34 .

[FOOTNOTEGladstone2001[https://books.google.com/books?id=aH_KCWVB6W0C&pg=PA114_114]-13] Gladstone 2001 ? ???? 114 .

[FOOTNOTETomsen2011[https://books.google.com/books?id=zz9_Ve29eL0C&pg=PA105_105]-14] Tomsen 2011 ? ???? 105 .

[FOOTNOTETomsen2011[https://books.google.com/books?id=zz9_Ve29eL0C&pg=PA107_107]-15] Tomsen 2011 ? ???? 107 .

[FOOTNOTEAsthanaNirmal2009[https://books.google.com/books?id=8EqWnqdsgZMC&pg=PA219_219]-16] Asthana & Nirmal 2009 ? ???? 219 .

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