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Ecole Normale Superieure
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??????? ?????? ???????? ( ????????? : Ecole normale superieure )? (????: ????? ?????? ????????)? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? . ^[4]^[5]^[6] ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? 30 ????? ????? ??? 1794? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? 1795 ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? 17 ???? ??? 1808 ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ????????. ?? 9 ???? ??? 1826 ?? ????? Ecole preparatoire ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? (Lycee Louis-le-Grand).

??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? 1985 ??? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ( ????????? : Ecole normale superieure de jeunes filles )? ?? ???? ???? . ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????.

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??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??. ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? C9 League ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?????. ^[7]^[8]^[9]

????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ????????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ????????: ??? ????? 2021/2022 ? ??? ????? 243 ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????????. ^[10]

???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????. ^[11]^[12]

???? ???? ?????? [ ??? ]

???????? ?? ?????? ????? 4 ????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? 1300 ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??? 2015. ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???.

??????? [ ??? ]

^ http://www.couperin.org/presentation/notre-organisation/les-membres-de-couperin/items?cid=162id=221lang=fr . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ https://discovery.renater.fr/renater/ . ???? ???? ?????? 2019-09-21 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ https://web.archive.org/web/20221123144401/https://www.auf.org/les_membres/nos-membres/ . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-11-23 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ " Le Soir article about Jacques Derrida" . lesoir.be. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-06-14 . ???? ???? ?????? 2014-11-22 .
^ Pascale Hummel, Pour une histoire de l’Ecole normale superieure: Source d’archives 1794-1993 , Editions Rue d'ULM via OpenEdition, 2013 ). ???? ?????? 03 ????? 2018 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ "Ministry of culture ? Historical monuments" . culture.gouv.fr. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-07-12 . ???? ???? ?????? 2014-11-22 .
^ "France's educational elite" . Daily Telegraph . 17 ?????? 2003. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-07-27 . ???? ???? ?????? 2019-02-05 .
^ Pierre Bourdieu (1998). The State Nobility: Elite Schools in the Field of Power . Stanford UP. ?. 133?35. ISBN : 9780804733465 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-09-28 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-02-05 .
^ What are Grandes Ecoles Institutes in France? ???? ?????? 2022-12-28 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ "FAQ about International selection" . PSL . Ecole normale superieure. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-02-05 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-02-05 .
^ "FT European Business Schools Ranking 2021: France dominates" . ????????? ????? . 5 ?????? 2021. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-12-10 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-01-26 .
^ "Higher Education in France" . BSB. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-01-25 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-01-26 .

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

?? ????? ??? ?????? ??: ??????? ?????? ????????

??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????:

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[wikidata-bf09576f1c8428255a65658e800873a8958f8fdf-2] ttps://discovery.renater.fr/renater/ . ???? ???? ?????? 2019-09-21 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-4304cad7939a19701e3c7bd998c0a7098146a89c-3] ttps://web.archive.org/web/20221123144401/https://www.auf.org/les_membres/nos-membres/ . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-11-23 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[4] " Le Soir article about Jacques Derrida" . lesoir.be. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-06-14 . ???? ???? ?????? 2014-11-22 .

[5] Pascale Hummel, Pour une histoire de l’Ecole normale superieure: Source d’archives 1794-1993 , Editions Rue d'ULM via OpenEdition, 2013 ). ???? ?????? 03 ????? 2018 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[6] "Ministry of culture ? Historical monuments" . culture.gouv.fr. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-07-12 . ???? ???? ?????? 2014-11-22 .

[7] "France's educational elite" . Daily Telegraph . 17 ?????? 2003. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-07-27 . ???? ???? ?????? 2019-02-05 .

[8] Pierre Bourdieu (1998). The State Nobility: Elite Schools in the Field of Power . Stanford UP. ?. 133?35. ISBN : 9780804733465 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-09-28 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-02-05 .

[9] What are Grandes Ecoles Institutes in France? ???? ?????? 2022-12-28 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[10] "FAQ about International selection" . PSL . Ecole normale superieure. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-02-05 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-02-05 .

[11] "FT European Business Schools Ranking 2021: France dominates" . ????????? ????? . 5 ?????? 2021. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-12-10 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-01-26 .

[12] "Higher Education in France" . BSB. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-01-25 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-01-26 .

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