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???? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????. ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????????? ??????? (????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????) ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ≪ ???????? ≫ ?≪ ???????? ≫ ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????. ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????????.

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????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ????????. ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????. ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????????. [1] ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ??.

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????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????????? [2]
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≪Μ?νιν ?ειδε, θε?, Πηλη??δεω ?χιλ?ο?
ο?λομ?νην, ? μυρ?’ ?χαιο?? ?λγε’ ?θηκε,
πολλ?? δ’ ?φθ?μου? ψυχ?? ??δι προ?αψεν
?ρ?ων, α?το?? δ? ?λ?ρια τε?χε κ?νεσσιν
ο?ωνο?σ? τε π?σι· Δι?? δ’ ?τελε?ετο βουλ?·
?ξ ο? δ? τ? πρ?τα διαστ?την ?ρ?σαντε
?τρε?δη? τε ?ναξ ?νδρ?ν κα? δ?ο? ?χιλλε??.≫

???? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?????????:

≪?τι μ?ν ?με??, ? ?νδρε? ?θηνα?οι, πεπ?νθατε ?π? τ?ν ?μ?ν κατηγ?ρων, ο?κ ο?δα· ?γ? δ' ο?ν κα? α?τ?? ?π' α?τ?ν ?λ?γου ?μαυτο? ?πελαθ?μην, ο?τω πιθαν?? ?λεγον. Κα?τοι ?ληθ?? γε ?? ?πο? ε?πε?ν ο?δ?ν ε?ρ?κασιν.≫

????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? :

‎ [hoti men hyːmeːs | ??ː andres at??ːnai?i?oi | pepont?ate | hypo t??ːn em??ːŋ kat?ː?or?ːn | uːk oi?da ? e??ː duːŋ kai? au?tos | hyp au?t??ːn oli?uː emau?tuː | epelat?om?ːn | h?ːt?ː pit?an??ːs ele?on ? kai?toi? al?ːt?ez ?e | h?ːs epos eːpeːn | uːden eːr??ːkaːsin ?] ‏

????????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ????????:

Hoti men h?meis, o andres Ath?naioi, peponthate hupo ton emon kat?gor?n, ouk oida: eg? d' oun kai autos hup' aut?n oligou emautou epelathom?n, hout? pithanos elegon. Kaitoi al?thes ge h?s epos eipein ouden eir?k?sin.

????? ???? ??? ??????? :

≪??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???????: ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????. ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????.≫

????????? ????? [ ??? ]

????? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??? ????????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???????. ????? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? . ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??????????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? klasi?na gimnazija ??? ???????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??????? (???? ???? ????? ??? ????????? ??????????? ?? ??? 14 ??? 18). ?? ??? 2006-2007 ??? 15000 ???? ????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? 280000 ???? ????? ????????? ?? ???????. [6] ????? ????????? ???????? ????? ????????? ?? ??? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????????. ???? ????? ????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ???????????. ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? [7] [8] ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?? ??? 2014 ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????????? ???????????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????. [9] ????? ????? ????????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??????????? ????????? ?? ??????? . [10] [11]

????? ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? [12] ???? ????? ??????? [13] ??? ????? ?????????. ?ν?ματα Kεχιασμ?να (???????? ?????????) ?? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????????. [14] ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ????? 2015 ????? ?? ????????? ??????????. ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ????????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ????? 1935 ?????????. [15]

?????? ????? ????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????. ??? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????. ?? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????. [16]

???? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????????? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????????. [17] ?? ????? ??? ????? ??? 5000 ??? ??? ?? ????? ????? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????????. [18] [19]

???? ?? ?????? ????? ????????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????????. ??????? ??????? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????.

???? ????? [ ??? ]

????? [ ??? ]

  1. ^ Imprecisely attested and somewhat reconstructive due to its being written in an ill-fitting syllabary ( ???? ??? ? ).
  2. ^ Roger D. Woodard (2008), "Greek dialects", in: The Ancient Languages of Europe , ed. R. D. Woodard, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 51.
  3. ^ This one appears in recent versions of the Encyclopædia Britannica , which also lists the major works that define the subject. [ ????? ???? ?????? ]
  4. ^ "W.B. Lockwood, "A panorama of Indo-European languages", Hutchinson University Library, London, p.6" (PDF) . ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2008-10-07.
  5. ^ Palmer? Leonard (1996). The Greek Language . Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press. ?.  262 . ISBN : 0-8061-2844-5 .
  6. ^ "Ministry publication" (PDF) . www.edscuola.it . ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2018-09-18.
  7. ^ "Ancient Greek 'to be taught in state schools' " . Telegraph.co.uk . 30 ????? 2010. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-10-20 . ???? ???? ?????? 2015-05-03 .
  8. ^ "Now look, Latin's fine, but Greek might be even Beta" , TES Editorial, 2010 - TSL Education Ltd. ???? ?????? 07 ????? 2015 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . [ ???? ?????? ]
  9. ^ More primary schools to offer Latin and ancient Greek , The Telegraph, 26 November 2012 ???? ?????? 13 ????? 2018 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  10. ^ "Ωρολ?γιο Πρ?γραμμα των μαθημ?των των Α, Β, Γ τ?ξεων του Hμερησ?ου Γυμνασ?ου" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-18 . ???? ???? ?????? 2015-05-03 .
  11. ^ "ΩΡΟΛΟΓΙΟ ΠΡΟΓΡΑΜΜΑ ΓΕΝΙΚΟΥ ΛΥΚΕΙΟΥ" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-06-18 . ???? ???? ?????? 2015-05-03 .
  12. ^ Areios Pot?r kai ? tu philosophu lithos , ??? ???????? 2004, ( ???? 1-58234-826-X )
  13. ^ "Asterix around the World - the many Languages of Asterix" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-18 . ???? ???? ?????? 2015-05-03 .
  14. ^ , http://www.repubblica.it/ultimora/24ore/nazionale/news-dettaglio/4581488 Enigmistica: nasce prima rivista in greco antico 2015). ???? ?????? 2020-07-28 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  15. ^ Rahlfs, Alfred, and Hanhart, Robert (eds.), Septuaginta, editio altera ( ??? ?????? ?????? ????????? , 2006).
  16. ^ "Akropolis World News" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-24 . ???? ???? ?????? 2015-05-03 .
  17. ^ Jason and the argot: land where Greek's ancient language survives , The Independent , 3 January 2011 ???? ?????? 12 ????? 2018 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  18. ^ Against all odds: archaic Greek in a modern world , University of Cambridge ???? ?????? 12 ????? 2018 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  19. ^ Archaic Greek in a modern world video from Cambridge University, on YouTube ???? ?????? 22 ???? 2013 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

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