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??????? [ ??? ]

???? ????? ???? ??? ???????:-

????? ????? : ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? (665) ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? (??? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? (?????).

????? ??????: ????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ( ????? ?? ?????? ) ???? ??? ???? ??????? ? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???? . ^[4]

????? ??????: ?? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???????. ????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? (???????) ???? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ????? 1214? ??????? 665 ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? (????? ?????).

??????? [ ??? ]

???? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ( ????? ) ????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????????? (311 ?. ? ? 247 ?. ?) ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? (223 ?. ? ? 187 ?. ?) ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????.

????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????????? ?? ??? ???? (129 ?. ? ? 225 ??????). ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????.

?????? ?? ???????? ???? (???? ??????????) (?? ???). ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?????????. ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???????. ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????.

???? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ( ???? ?? ????? ??????? ). ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? (?????) ??????? ? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? (???????)? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ????????.

???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ? ??? ????? ???????? ???? (????? ?? ??????) ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? (136 ?? ? 158 ??) ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ?????. ??? ???? ?????? ? ???? ????? ? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????????. ??? ???? ?????? ? ???? ????? ? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? (?? ???????) ?????? ?????? ???????.

??? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????. ???? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??????????.

???? ??? ??????? ?? ???????. ????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? 1656? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?? 1658?. ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? (1278 ?? - 1284 ??)/ (1861 - 1867 ?) ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ??? (????????) ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??? (???????) ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? (???? ??) ?? ???? ??? ??? (???? ???? ?????? ?????) ???? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??? 1278 ?? / 1861?.

??? ????? ??? 1861?? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ( ??? ?????? ????????? ) ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? (????????) ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????:

???????? ???? ?????

??? ????? ????? ??????

??? ??? ???? ?? ???????

?? ???? ???? ??? ??????

.

????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ??? 1861?? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? (??????) ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? (8 - 9) ???? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ????? (24 ????) ??????? ?????? (12 ????) ???? ????? ?????. ??? ???????? ???????????? ? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? (????? ?????????).

??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????. ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? 1860 ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???????. ^[5]

???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ≪?????? ??? ????????≫ ?? ??????? ?? ????? ≪????? ??? ?????? ?????? ≫ ??? ????? ??? ??? ^[6] ???? ?????? ??????????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? 1915 ? ^[7] ??? ???? ??? 1958 ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ???. ^[8]

????? ???????? ?????? [ ??? ]

????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??? ????? ???????

????????? ????????? [ ??? ]

??? ?????? ?????? ??? 2003 ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??? 1991? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ????????? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? .

??? ?????? [ ??? ]

?? ??? 2003 ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? 20 ???? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? 9 ????? 2003 ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? 2008?.

????? 2006 [ ??? ]

?? 20 ?????? 2006 ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ???????. ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???????. ^[9]

??????? [ ??? ]

??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????.

????????? [ ??? ]

?????? [ ??? ]

??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? 320 ??2? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??????. ^[10]

?????? [ ??? ]

????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ???????.

?????? [ ??? ]

???????? ???????? ??????? ???????
?????	?????	??????	????	?????	????	?????	?????	?????	??????	??????	??????	??????	?????? ??????
????? ???? ??????? ?????? °? (°?)	16 (60)	19 (66)	24 (75)	31 (88)	38 (100)	41 (105)	45 (113)	44 (111)	40 (104)	35 (95)	25 (77)	18 (64)	31 (88)
????? ???? ??????? ?????? °? (°?)	6 (43)	8 (47)	12 (54)	17 (63)	23 (74)	27 (80)	27 (81)	27 (80)	24 (75)	19 (67)	12 (54)	9 (48)	18 (64)
?????? ?? (???)	23 (0.9)	15 (0.6)	20 (0.8)	18 (0.7)	7.6 (0.3)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2.5 (0.1)	13 (0.5)	20 (0.8)	119.1 (4.7)
??????: Weatherbase ^[11]

??????? [ ??? ]

????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????? .

????? ??????? [ ??? ]

???? ??? [ ??? ]

????? ??????? ??? 1916
??? ???? ?????? ?? ???????
???? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? 1924

???? ????? [ ??? ]

????? [ ??? ]

^ "???? ??????? (?????? ?????) ?? GeoNames ID" . GeoNames ID . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-06-20 .
^ ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? - ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? 2017-07-21 ?? Wayback Machine
^ ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? - ???? ?????????? ????????
^ ????? ???? ? ??????? ?????? 1965 ? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? 21 ? 43
^ ???? ????? ? ?????? ???????? ? ? 126
^ greatestcities.com ???? ?????? 2009-06-08 ?? Wayback Machine
^ Al-'Amarah | Iraq | Britannica.com ???? ?????? 2008-08-21 ?? Wayback Machine
^ Al-Amarah - LookLex Encyclopaedia ???? ?????? 2016-03-03 ?? Wayback Machine
^ Mahdi militia seize Amarah ???? ?????? 2020-03-22 ?? Wayback Machine
^ "Al `Amarah, Iraq Page" (???????????). Fallingrain Global Gazetteer. Archived from the original on 2017-10-02 . Retrieved 2013-12-29 .
^ "Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Ad Amarah, Iraq" . Weatherbase. 2011. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-10-02. Retrieved on November 24, 2011.

?? ????? ??? ?????? ??: ???????

[GeoNames_ID-1] "???? ??????? (?????? ?????) ?? GeoNames ID" . GeoNames ID . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-06-20 .

[2] ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? - ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? 2017-07-21 ?? Wayback Machine

[3] ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? - ???? ?????????? ????????

[4] ????? ???? ? ??????? ?????? 1965 ? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? 21 ? 43

[5] ???? ????? ? ?????? ???????? ? ? 126

[6] reatestcities.com ???? ?????? 2009-06-08 ?? Wayback Machine

[7] Al-'Amarah | Iraq | Britannica.com ???? ?????? 2008-08-21 ?? Wayback Machine

[8] Al-Amarah - LookLex Encyclopaedia ???? ?????? 2016-03-03 ?? Wayback Machine

[9] Mahdi militia seize Amarah ???? ?????? 2020-03-22 ?? Wayback Machine

[fallingrain-10] "Al `Amarah, Iraq Page" (???????????). Fallingrain Global Gazetteer. Archived from the original on 2017-10-02 . Retrieved 2013-12-29 .

[Weatherbase-11] "Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Ad Amarah, Iraq" . Weatherbase. 2011. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-10-02. Retrieved on November 24, 2011.

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