?????? ?? ????? ????????

??? ????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ? ??? ?????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????. ???? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? . ^[1]

????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????. ??? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ??? 2000? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? 2004 ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???. ^[2]

??? ??? ????? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????. ^[3] ?? ??? ??????????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????. ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????.

?? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????.

???????? ?? ??? 2017? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????. ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?????. ^[4]

??? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? 6? ?? ??? 2019 ??? 35? ????? ??? 2030. ^[5]^[6]

???? [ ??? ]

??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? (2010):

????? : 27.6 ????? ?? ?? ????? ??????? (14.2?)
??????? : 100.5 ????? ?? ???? (51.6?)
????? ??????? ?????? : 21.9 ?? ???? (11.3?)
???????? : 37.3 ????? ?? ???? (19.2?)
???????: 1.7 ????? ?? ???? (0.9?)
?????? ???????? : 5.8 ????? ?? ???? (3?)

?????? ?? ????? ???????? ^[7]
	??? ?????	?????? ???????	???????	????????	????????	?????? ???? ????? _???????
	?????	??????? ????	??????? ????	??????? ????	??????? ????	???
2004	48.08	2?478	442	2?140	355	462
2007	48.46	2?584	494	2?213	412	489
2008	48.61	2639	520	2?269	430	501
2009	48.75	2665	515	2?304	438	515
2010	48.88	2908	522	2?571	481	563
2012	49.78	3?029	546	2644	506	588
2012R	50.00	3?064	538	2?659	517	593
2013	50.22	3?068	507	2723	524	572
????? 2004-10	1.7?	17.3?	18.1?	20.1?	35.5?	21.9?
Mtoe = 11.63 ??????? ???? ? ????. ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? 2/3 ?????? ??????? ^[8] 2012R = ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ? ?? ????? ???????

?????? ?????????? [ ??? ]

????? ?????? ?????????? [ ??? ]

???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? (?????) ???????? ?? ??????. ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? 1961? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? 1770 ??????? ????. ??? ??????? 73992 ??????? ???? ?? ??? 1987. ?? ??? ????? ? ?????? ??????? ???????? 17.9? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? 16.2?? ??????? ??????? 65.9?.

???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? . ?? ??? 54885 ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? 1985? ??? 22? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ?74? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? (????? ??????) ? ?4? ?? ??????? ???????????. ?? ?????? ?? ??? 1988 ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??? 2000 ????? 10.2? ?????? ???????? ? 12.2? ??? ? 22.9? ??? ? 10.2? ??? ????? ???? ? 44.5? ????.

????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ? ??????? ????
??????	2008	2009	2010	2011
??????	264.747 (62.7?)	278400 (64.2?)	315608 (66.5?)	324354 (65.3?)
?????	150958 (35.7?)	147771 (34.1?)	148.596 (31.3?)	154.723 (31.1?)
???? ????????	5?561 (1.3?)	5?641 (1.3?)	6472 (1.4?)	7831 (1.6?)
????	1?090 (0.3?)	1?791 (0.4?)	3?984 (0.8?)	9?985 (2.0?)
???????	422355	433604	474660	496893

????? [ ??? ]

?????? ???????? [ ??? ]

????? ????? (韓國電力工事) ?? 5 ????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? KPX ??? ??????:
????? ??????? ???????? (韓國東西發展㈜)
????? ??????? ???? (韓國中部發展㈜)
????? ???????? ??????? ?????? (韓國南洞發展㈜)
????? ???????? ??????(韓國南部發展㈜)
????? ??????? ?????? (韓國西部發展㈜)

??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? [ ??? ]

???? ????? ??????? (KDHC? 韓國地域暖房工事㈜) ???? ?????? ?CHP ?????? ???? ??????. GS Power ?SH Corp ??? ?????? ??????. KDHC ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????.

?????? ??????? [ ??? ]

???? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? . ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? 1977. ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? 1987 ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? 71?158 ????? ???????? ?? 53.1? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????????.

?????? ???????? [ ??? ]

??? ????? ?? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????. ^[9] ?? ??? 2021? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? 8.2 ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????. ^[10]

???? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? (RPS) ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? 2? ?? ??? 2012 ??? 10? ?? ??? 2023. ^[11] ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? 2020-2034? ????? ???? ?? ??? 2021? ?????? ???? 35? ????? ??? 2030. ^[5]

???? ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????????? (PV) ????? ?????? 31 ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? 2030.

???? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ???????? (韓國水力原子力㈜)

??????? [ ??? ]

?? ?????? 2017? ????? ???? Hyundai Electric ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? 150 ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ^{[???? ????]}‏ . ^[12]

???????? ??????? [ ??? ]

????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? CDIAC? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? 1950-2005. ???? ??? ???????? ??????? (25?) ?????? (10?) ?????? (8?) ????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? 1950 ??? 2005.

???? ???? [ ??? ]

?????? ????? ????????
???? ????? ????????
??? ????? ?????
???? ???? ????? ???
???? ?????? ?? ????? ????????
?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????
?????? ???????? ??? ?????

????? [ ??? ]

?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? :

??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????.

^ "Korea, South" . US Energy Information Administration. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-20 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-07-25 .
^ "Which Direction for South Korean Electricity Policy?" (PDF) . Korean Energy Economic Review 13 (2014) 145-178. ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2023-02-20 . ???? ???? ?????? 2014-06-06 .
^ "Korea, South" . US Energy Information Administration. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-20 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-07-25 . "Korea, South" . US Energy Information Administration . Retrieved 25 July 2013 .
^ "South Korean President Details Phase-out of Coal, Nuclear Power" . 1 ????? 2017. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-20.
^ ^? ^? Lee, Kyeongho (Ken) (2 Mar 2021). "South Korea's 9th Basic Plan for electricity ? a step closer to carbon neutrality?" . www.woodmac.com (???????????). Archived from the original on 2022-12-09 . Retrieved 2021-09-27 .
^ "International - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)" . www.eia.gov . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-12-09 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-09-27 .
^ IEA Key World Energy Statistics Statistics 2015 ???? ?????? 2016-03-04 ?? Wayback Machine , 2014 (2012R as in November 2015 ???? ?????? 2015-04-05 ?? Wayback Machine + 2012 as in March 2014 is comparable to previous years statistical calculation criteria, 2013 ???? ?????? 2014-09-02 ?? Wayback Machine , 2012 ???? ?????? 2013-03-09 ?? Wayback Machine , 2011 ???? ?????? 2011-10-27 ?? Wayback Machine , 2010 ???? ?????? 2010-10-11 ?? Wayback Machine , 2009 ???? ?????? 2013-10-07 ?? Wayback Machine , 2006 ???? ?????? 2009-10-12 ?? Wayback Machine IEA October, crude oil p.11, coal p. 13 gas p. 15
^ Energy in Sweden 2010 ???? ?????? ?????? 16, 2013 ?? Wayback Machine , Facts and figures, The Swedish Energy Agency, Table 8 Losses in nuclear power stations Table 9 Nuclear power brutto
^ "Greentech Media | South Korea Boosts Renewable-Energy Investments by 60%" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2008-12-16 . ???? ???? ?????? 2016-02-05 .
^ World, Renewable Energy (17 Feb 2021). "South Korea announces ambitious 8.2GW wind complex" . Renewable Energy World (??????????? ?????????). Archived from the original on 2021-09-28 . Retrieved 2021-09-27 .
^ International Trade Administration (13 ????? 2021). "South Korea - Country Commercial Guide" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-20 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-09-26 .
^ Graham? Karen (7 ?????? 2017). "Hyundai building 150 MW energy storage battery in South Korea" . Digital Journal . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-01-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-02-21 .

[eia-1] "Korea, South" . US Energy Information Administration. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-20 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-07-25 .

[Pittman-2] "Which Direction for South Korean Electricity Policy?" (PDF) . Korean Energy Economic Review 13 (2014) 145-178. ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2023-02-20 . ???? ???? ?????? 2014-06-06 .

[مولد_تلقائيا1-3] "Korea, South" . US Energy Information Administration. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-20 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-07-25 . "Korea, South" . US Energy Information Administration . Retrieved 25 July 2013 .

[4] "South Korean President Details Phase-out of Coal, Nuclear Power" . 1 ????? 2017. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-20.

[woodmac.com-5] ? ^? Lee, Kyeongho (Ken) (2 Mar 2021). "South Korea's 9th Basic Plan for electricity ? a step closer to carbon neutrality?" . www.woodmac.com (???????????). Archived from the original on 2022-12-09 . Retrieved 2021-09-27 .

[6] "International - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)" . www.eia.gov . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-12-09 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-09-27 .

[IEA2015-7] IEA Key World Energy Statistics Statistics 2015 ???? ?????? 2016-03-04 ?? Wayback Machine , 2014 (2012R as in November 2015 ???? ?????? 2015-04-05 ?? Wayback Machine + 2012 as in March 2014 is comparable to previous years statistical calculation criteria, 2013 ???? ?????? 2014-09-02 ?? Wayback Machine , 2012 ???? ?????? 2013-03-09 ?? Wayback Machine , 2011 ???? ?????? 2011-10-27 ?? Wayback Machine , 2010 ???? ?????? 2010-10-11 ?? Wayback Machine , 2009 ???? ?????? 2013-10-07 ?? Wayback Machine , 2006 ???? ?????? 2009-10-12 ?? Wayback Machine IEA October, crude oil p.11, coal p. 13 gas p. 15

[Sverigetab49-8] Energy in Sweden 2010 ???? ?????? ?????? 16, 2013 ?? Wayback Machine , Facts and figures, The Swedish Energy Agency, Table 8 Losses in nuclear power stations Table 9 Nuclear power brutto

[greentechmedia.com-9] "Greentech Media | South Korea Boosts Renewable-Energy Investments by 60%" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2008-12-16 . ???? ???? ?????? 2016-02-05 .

[10] World, Renewable Energy (17 Feb 2021). "South Korea announces ambitious 8.2GW wind complex" . Renewable Energy World (??????????? ?????????). Archived from the original on 2021-09-28 . Retrieved 2021-09-27 .

[11] International Trade Administration (13 ????? 2021). "South Korea - Country Commercial Guide" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-20 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-09-26 .

[12] Graham? Karen (7 ?????? 2017). "Hyundai building 150 MW energy storage battery in South Korea" . Digital Journal . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-01-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-02-21 .

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