??????? ???????

??????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ( ??????????? : serpent )? ? ( ???????? : ???) ?? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? ??????? ? ????? ? ???? ???????? ???????? ? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????.

????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????.

?? ??? ?????? ? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? (?? 12: 9? 20: 2)? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????? .

???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ????????.

???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? [ ??? ]

???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???. ^[1] ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? . ???? ??????????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ^[2] ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????.

????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? : ????? ?? ?????? ^[3] ????? ?? ?? ?????? ^[4] ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ^[5] ?????? ?? ????. ??? ??????? ???????? ^[6] ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????. ^[7] ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????????. ^[8] ?? ?????? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ≪???? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ≫. ^[9]

??? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????. ^[10] ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????.

?????? ?????? [ ??? ]

???? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? (?? 3: 1-20). ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?????. ???? ????? ??? ??? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ???????? (????? 27: 1)? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? (????? 9: 3). ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? (????? 46: 22)? ?????? ??? (?? 49:17). ?????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???????? (??? 51:34).

???? ?????? [ ??? ]

????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? 3: 4-22? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????. ?? ??? ?????? 4: 1-5? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?????? (???? ??? ??????) ^[11] ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? (????). ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??? ????.

????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? (??? ?????? 7)? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ??????.

????? [ ??? ]

^ "Storytelling, the Meaning of Life, and The Epic of Gilgamesh" . eawc.evansville.edu . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2011-11-30 . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-11-27 .
^ Gerard Michon. "Meanings of Mathematical Symbols and Scientific Icons" . Numericana . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-05-13 . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-11-27 .
^ Gordon Loud, Megiddo II: Plates plate 240: 1, 4, from Stratum X (dated by Loud 1650?1550 BC) and Statum VIIB (dated 1250?1150 BC), noted by Karen Randolph Joines, "The Bronze Serpent in the Israelite Cult" Journal of Biblical Literature 87 .3 (September 1968:245-256) p. 245 note 2.
^ R.A.S. Macalister, Gezer II , p. 399, fig. 488, noted by Joiner 1968:245 note 3, from the high place area, dated Late Bronze Age.
^ Yigael Yadin et al. Hazor III-IV: Plates , pl. 339, 5, 6, dated Late Bronze Age II (Yadiin to Joiner, in Joiner 1968:245 note 4).
^ Callaway and Toombs to Joiner (Joiner 1968:246 note 5).
^ Maurice Viera, Hittite Art (London, 1955) fig. 114.
^ Leonard W. King, A History of Babylon , p. 72.
^ Pritchard ANET , 331, noted in Joines 1968:246 and note 8.
^ E.A. Speiser, Excavations at Tepe Gawra: I. Levels I-VIII, p. 114ff., noted in Joines 1968:246 and note 9.
^ Keil and Delitzsch, OT Commentary on Exodus 4 http://biblehub.com/commentaries/kad/exodus/4.htm accessed 2015-10-09. ???? ?????? 2018-09-28 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? :

??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????.

[evansville-1] "Storytelling, the Meaning of Life, and The Epic of Gilgamesh" . eawc.evansville.edu . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2011-11-30 . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-11-27 .

[numericana-2] Gerard Michon. "Meanings of Mathematical Symbols and Scientific Icons" . Numericana . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-05-13 . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-11-27 .

[3] Gordon Loud, Megiddo II: Plates plate 240: 1, 4, from Stratum X (dated by Loud 1650?1550 BC) and Statum VIIB (dated 1250?1150 BC), noted by Karen Randolph Joines, "The Bronze Serpent in the Israelite Cult" Journal of Biblical Literature 87 .3 (September 1968:245-256) p. 245 note 2.

[4] R.A.S. Macalister, Gezer II , p. 399, fig. 488, noted by Joiner 1968:245 note 3, from the high place area, dated Late Bronze Age.

[5] Yigael Yadin et al. Hazor III-IV: Plates , pl. 339, 5, 6, dated Late Bronze Age II (Yadiin to Joiner, in Joiner 1968:245 note 4).

[6] Callaway and Toombs to Joiner (Joiner 1968:246 note 5).

[7] Maurice Viera, Hittite Art (London, 1955) fig. 114.

[8] Leonard W. King, A History of Babylon , p. 72.

[9] Pritchard ANET , 331, noted in Joines 1968:246 and note 8.

[10] E.A. Speiser, Excavations at Tepe Gawra: I. Levels I-VIII, p. 114ff., noted in Joines 1968:246 and note 9.

[11] Keil and Delitzsch, OT Commentary on Exodus 4 http://biblehub.com/commentaries/kad/exodus/4.htm accessed 2015-10-09. ???? ?????? 2018-09-28 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

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