???????? ??????? ???????

???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? . ????? ?? ??? 1950 ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? (???? ?????? ??? 300 ??? 500 ??? / ?????). ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? 1960 ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????? 30000 ?? ?????? ????? 24 ????. ^[1]

?? ???? ???? ???????? ???????. ??? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??????. ??? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? : ?????? ????? (?????? ??????? ?? 150-2500 ??)? ?????? ?????? (?????? 5000-10000 ??) ????????? ??????? (???? ?? 20000 ??). ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????.

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

a SOHO/MDI Dopplergram showing supergranular speed pattern
NASA: The Sun Does The Wave
Information at Nature.com
Michel Rieutord and Francois Rincon, "The Sun’s Supergranulation", Living Rev. Solar Phys. 7, (2010), 2. online article (cited on June 15, 2010).

??????? [ ??? ]

^ Kaufmann III? William J. (2008). Universe . New York, USA: W. H. Freeman and Company. ?. 762 . {{ ??????? ????? }}: ????? ?????????: ??????? ?????? ( link )

??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???????. ????? ???? ?? ???????.

[Freedman-1] Kaufmann III? William J. (2008). Universe . New York, USA: W. H. Freeman and Company. ?. 762 . {{ ??????? ????? }}: ????? ?????????: ??????? ?????? ( link )

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