?? ?????????? ???????? ?????
?????? ?????
???????
?? ??? ?? ??????
?????????
. ????? ???? ??? ????? (???? ?????
????? ??????
) ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ?????. ???? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????.
????? ??????
[
???
]
?????
??????
?? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????
???????
. ??????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????. ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ??????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????.
?????? ???? ???? ≪????≫ ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ≪??????≫? ??? ≪????≫ ????.
[1]
?? ???? ???? ≪????≫ ????????? ???? ???????? ??? ???????? ???? (??? ????????)? ?? ???????? ???? ???????? (?????)? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??? (?????). ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???
????
? ??? ≪??? ????? ??????≫ (?? ???).
??? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??
??? ???? ???
? ???? ????? ?? ??????
??????? ?????
(1786)? ?? ?????? ??????? ????
???
????? ?????????? ?? ???? ?? ??
??????? ??????
?????????
??
???????
:
- ≪????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? (CHEZ) ??? ??? ??? ???? ???????? (CASA) ?? (CA)? ???? ??? ???? ????????? (THOROUGH) ??? ??? ??????? ?????? (
dauro)
? ?? (
thuruh)
???????? ????????: ???????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????. ??? ????? ???≫ ??? ????≪???? ??? ????? ?????? (dauro)? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??????.≫
[2]
??? ??? ?????? ???? "through"? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????.
??????? ??????? ?? ??? ????????
[
???
]
????? ????????? ????????????
[
???
]
??????? ???
?????
?
?????????
?
????????????
?????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ≪??????? ????????≫. ??? ???? ??????? ???
?????? ??????
??
????? ??? ??? ???????
(1942? ????? ????? ???????):
??? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ≪??????? ?????≫? ????? ?????? ????? ???????????. (???? ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???????). ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????????. ??? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? (???????)? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? (???????). ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???? ??????????. (? 9)
???? ???? ?????? ???????? ????????
?????? ????? ?????
? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ????????? ??????????
???? ????? ???
? ????? ???? ??????????? ?????
??????????
(?????????)?
?????? ?????? ????
??? ??? ????? ???:
≪???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????? [??? ????????] ?? ???????? [??? ???????????] ? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??????????.≫ (? 13)
[3]
??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????.
[4]
????? ?????
[
???
]
??? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??
????? ??????
? ???? ????
???????
?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????. ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? (???? ??????? ≪
????? emic
≫) ????
?????? ??????
?
??????? ??????
?
????????
.
?????
[
???
]
- ^
Example taken from
???? ???????
?
?? ?? ??
interview titled: "Silent Children, New Language"
- ^
quoted in
??? ???????
,
Understanding Linguistics,
lecture series.
- ^
Morris CW. 1938.
Foundations of the Theory of Signs
. (Volume 1, #2 of
Foundations of the Unity of Science. Toward an International Encyclopedia of Unified Science
). University of Chicago Press.
- ^
Korta, K, Perry, J, "Pragmatics", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2011 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = <
http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2011/entries/pragmatics/
>.
???? ??????
2020-11-27 ??? ????
??? ??? ????
.
