?? ?????????? ???????? ?????
??
????? ????????
? ????? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????????????. ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? 1987 ??? 9.2 ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? 1980 ?? ??? 2.8 ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????????? ??? 1972.
??????? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???????. ????? ??? 1945 ??? ???? 60,000 ???? ????? ?? ?????. ?? 1987 ??? ???? ????? 42 ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???? 100 ???? ??????. ????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????. ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????. ???? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?? 25,000 ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? 1961 ??? ?? ??? 8.6 ????? ???? ?? 1987? ???? ???? 250 ???? ????????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ?????.
????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????
??????
????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? 2013? ??? ????? ?????? 14.2 ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???
???????
????? 11.7 ???? ????.
[1]
?? ????? ?????? ?? 2013? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? 22.1 ???? ????? ??? ??????? 13.3 ???? ????.
[2]
?? 2015? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ?????????? ???? ???? ????
??????? ?????? ?????????
?????? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ????????.
[3]
???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????
????? ??????
? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??????
?????? ??????
. ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? 1.5 ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? 2020.
[1]
?????
[
???
]