??????? ???????? ?? ???????

??????? ???????? ?? ???????
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???????	????? 1970
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	????? ????? - ?????

??? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ??? 1.671 ?1.871 ????? ??? ??? ???? 1975 ?1979? ?? 21 ??? 24 ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? 1975. ^[1] ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????????. ^[2]^[3]^[4] ?? ??? 1976? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ????????????. ??? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???? ??????? ????????. ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? 25% ?? ?????? ????? ???????. ^[5]^[6] ??? ??? 20.000 ??? ??? ???? (Tuol Sleng) ??????? ????? ?? (??? ????? S-21) ??? ??? ?????? ???196 ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ^[7]^[8]? ??? ??? ??? 7 ???? ???. ^[9] ?? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? (?? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??????) ?????? ?? ????? ???????. ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????. ^[10] ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? . ^[11] ???? ????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? 1979. ^[12]

??? 2 ????? ?????? ?? ??? 2001? ????? ??????? ?????????? ≪????? ?????? ?????≫ ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ???????. ???? ????????? ?? 17 ???? ?? ??? 2009. ?? 7 ?? ?? ??? 2014? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????? ????? ??????? ?????????. ??? ??? 2009? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ???????? ????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? 23.745 ????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ????? 1.3 ????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????. ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? 60% ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????????[14]? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????.

?????? ?????????? [ ??? ]

????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ????? ?? ???????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ????????. ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ≪????? ????? ??????≫. ??? ???? ???????? ????????? ????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ≪???? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ≫. ^[13] ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????. ^[14]

??? ?????? ????? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?????????. ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ????????. ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?? 20 ?????? ?? ?????????? ????? ????? 15% ?? ????? ??????. ^[15]

??????? ??????? [ ??? ]

?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ????????? . ^[10] ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????. ^[10] ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? 1998 ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ?????. ^[16] ???? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????????. ^[16] ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ??????. ^[16]

??????? [ ??? ]

??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? 15 ????? ^[17]1998? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????. ????? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????????. ????? ??? ??? ≪???? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????≫. ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ≪????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????≫ ^[18] . ?? ??? 2013? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????. ?? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ????????. ???? ???? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ??????????? ??? ????? ?? ??? 1979. ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????. ^[19]

???? ??? [ ??? ]

??????? [ ??? ]

^ Ben Kiernan. The Demography of Genocide in Southeast Asia. The Death Tolls in Cambodia, 1975-79,and East Timor, 1975-80. Critical Asian Studies, 35:4 (2003), 585-597.
^ Jackson? Karl D (1989). Cambodia, 1975?1978: Rendezvous with Death . Princeton University Press. ?. 219 . ISBN : 978-0-691-02541-4 . "???? ??????" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-02-17 . ???? ???? ?????? 2019-02-23 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: ????? ?????????: BOT: original URL status unknown ( link )
^ Ervin Staub. The roots of evil: the origins of genocide and other group violence. ????? ????? ???????? , 1989. p. 202 ???? ?????? 17 ?????? 2019 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ David Chandler & Ben Kiernan? ?????? (1983). Revolution and its Aftermath . New Haven. {{ ??????? ????? }}: ????? ?????????: ???? ???? ???? ( link )
^ Etcheson 2005 ? ???? 119.
^ Heuveline 1998 ? ????? 49-65.
^ Locard? Henri (???? 2005). "State Violence in Democratic Kampuchea (1975?1979) and Retribution (1979?2004)". European Review of History . ?. 12 ?. 1: 121?143. CiteSeerX : 10.1.1.692.8388 . DOI : 10.1080/13507480500047811 . Since 1979, the so-called Pol Pot regime has been equated to Hitler and the Nazis. This is why the word 'genocide' (associated with Nazism) has been used for the first time in a distinctly Communist regime by the invading Vietnamese to distance themselves from a government they had overturned. This 'revisionism' was expressed in several ways. The Khmer Rouge were said to have killed 3.3 million, some 1.3 million more people than they had in fact killed. There was one abominable state prison, S?21, now the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum. In fact, there were more than 150 on the same model, at least one per district.
^ "Mapping the Killing Fields" . Documentation Center of Cambodia . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-03-26 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-06-06 . Through interviews and physical exploration, DC-Cam identified 19,733 mass burial pits, 196 prisons that operated during the Democratic Kampuchea (DK) period, and 81 memorials constructed by survivors of the DK regime.
^ Kiernan? Ben (2014). The Pol Pot Regime: Race, Power, and Genocide in Cambodia Under the Khmer Rouge, 1975?79 . ????? ????? ??? . ?. 464. ISBN : 9780300142990 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2014-07-11. Like all but seven of the twenty thousand Tuol Sleng prisoners, she was murdered anyway.
^ ^? ^? ^? Southerland? D (20 ????? 2006). "Cambodia Diary 6: Child Soldiers ? Driven by Fear and Hate" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-03-27 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-03-28 .
^ State of the World's Refugees, 2000 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, p. 92; accessed 21 January 2019 ???? ?????? 17 ?????? 2019 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ Mayersan 2013 ? ???? 182.
^ Theory of the Global State: Globality as Unfinished Revolution by ????? ?? ? ????? ????? ???????? , 2000, pp 141, ( ???? 978-0-521-59730-2 )
^ Alvarez 2001 ? ???? 12.
^ Gellately? Robert? Kiernan? Ben (2003). The Specter of Genocide: Mass Murder in Historical Perspective . ????? ????? ???????? . ?. 313?314.
^ ^? ^? ^? Coalition to Stop the Use of Child Soldiers (2001). "Global Report on Child Soldiers" . child-soldiers.org . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-05-25 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-05-16 .
^ Chan 2004 ? ???? 256.
^ Alvarez 2001 ? ???? 56.
^ Buncombe 2013 .

??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? :

??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????.

[kiernanD-1] Ben Kiernan. The Demography of Genocide in Southeast Asia. The Death Tolls in Cambodia, 1975-79,and East Timor, 1975-80. Critical Asian Studies, 35:4 (2003), 585-597.

[2] Jackson? Karl D (1989). Cambodia, 1975?1978: Rendezvous with Death . Princeton University Press. ?. 219 . ISBN : 978-0-691-02541-4 . "???? ??????" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-02-17 . ???? ???? ?????? 2019-02-23 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: ????? ?????????: BOT: original URL status unknown ( link )

[3] Ervin Staub. The roots of evil: the origins of genocide and other group violence. ????? ????? ???????? , 1989. p. 202 ???? ?????? 17 ?????? 2019 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[autogenerated1983-4] David Chandler & Ben Kiernan? ?????? (1983). Revolution and its Aftermath . New Haven. {{ ??????? ????? }}: ????? ?????????: ???? ???? ???? ( link )

[FOOTNOTEEtcheson2005119-5] Etcheson 2005 ? ???? 119.

[FOOTNOTEHeuveline199849-65-6] Heuveline 1998 ? ????? 49-65.

[7] Locard? Henri (???? 2005). "State Violence in Democratic Kampuchea (1975?1979) and Retribution (1979?2004)". European Review of History . ?. 12 ?. 1: 121?143. CiteSeerX : 10.1.1.692.8388 . DOI : 10.1080/13507480500047811 . Since 1979, the so-called Pol Pot regime has been equated to Hitler and the Nazis. This is why the word 'genocide' (associated with Nazism) has been used for the first time in a distinctly Communist regime by the invading Vietnamese to distance themselves from a government they had overturned. This 'revisionism' was expressed in several ways. The Khmer Rouge were said to have killed 3.3 million, some 1.3 million more people than they had in fact killed. There was one abominable state prison, S?21, now the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum. In fact, there were more than 150 on the same model, at least one per district.

[8] "Mapping the Killing Fields" . Documentation Center of Cambodia . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-03-26 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-06-06 . Through interviews and physical exploration, DC-Cam identified 19,733 mass burial pits, 196 prisons that operated during the Democratic Kampuchea (DK) period, and 81 memorials constructed by survivors of the DK regime.

[9] Kiernan? Ben (2014). The Pol Pot Regime: Race, Power, and Genocide in Cambodia Under the Khmer Rouge, 1975?79 . ????? ????? ??? . ?. 464. ISBN : 9780300142990 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2014-07-11. Like all but seven of the twenty thousand Tuol Sleng prisoners, she was murdered anyway.

[:10-10] ? ^? ^? Southerland? D (20 ????? 2006). "Cambodia Diary 6: Child Soldiers ? Driven by Fear and Hate" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-03-27 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-03-28 .

[11] State of the World's Refugees, 2000 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, p. 92; accessed 21 January 2019 ???? ?????? 17 ?????? 2019 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[FOOTNOTEMayersan2013182-12] Mayersan 2013 ? ???? 182.

[13] Theory of the Global State: Globality as Unfinished Revolution by ????? ?? ? ????? ????? ???????? , 2000, pp 141, ( ???? 978-0-521-59730-2 )

[FOOTNOTEAlvarez200112-14] Alvarez 2001 ? ???? 12.

[specter-15] Gellately? Robert? Kiernan? Ben (2003). The Specter of Genocide: Mass Murder in Historical Perspective . ????? ????? ???????? . ?. 313?314.

[:4-16] ? ^? ^? Coalition to Stop the Use of Child Soldiers (2001). "Global Report on Child Soldiers" . child-soldiers.org . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-05-25 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-05-16 .

[FOOTNOTEChan2004256-17] Chan 2004 ? ???? 256.

[FOOTNOTEAlvarez200156-18] Alvarez 2001 ? ???? 56.

[FOOTNOTEBuncombe2013-19] Buncombe 2013 .

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