???????? ??????? ????????

??? ?????
?? ?????????? ???????? ?????

???????? ??????? ???????? [1] [2] ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? [ ????? ????? ] ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? 1921 ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????? ??? ????? . ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? 1923 ????? ???? ?????? ?????? [3] ??? 1923 ??? ????? ?? ??? ????????? ?????? ?? ??? ????. ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? 1920 ???? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? . ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ???????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????. ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????.

?????? ????????? ?????? ?????????.

?????? ?????????? [ ??? ]

??? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? [4] ? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? (?? ?????? ????? ) ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????-???????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? (?? ????? ??? ?????) ??? ??????? ???????: ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? . ????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??????. ??? ????? ????? ??? ??????? (?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ??? 18 ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????. [5]

????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? .
????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ????

????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? (?? ?????? ??????) ????? (?? ?????? ??????) ?????? (?? ?????) ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????. ????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ?????-???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? 9 ????? ????? 1915 ??? ????? ??????:

≪??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????. ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????. [6] ≫
????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??? 1911 ???? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????????

????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? [ ??? ]

?? ????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ???: [7]

≪... ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???????...≫

????? ??????? [ ??? ]

???????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???????.

???? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? . ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ??????. [8]

???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????????. ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? (???? ???? ??? ???? ?????) ????? ????? ? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ????? . ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??????: [9]

≪???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????≫

???? ????? ?????? ??? ? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ???? ?????? ? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?????????? ???????? ????? "??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????"? [10] ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ????????. [10]

????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??? 1855 ???? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? (????? ?????? ????)

???? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? 1832 ?1840 ? ??? ?????? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? . [11] ??? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????.

????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????.

?????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? [ ??? ]

??????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? 1923? [ ????? ????? ] ???? ????? ???????? ???????.

???? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? - ??????? . ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? (???? ???) ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ??? ?? 14 ???? 1915 ? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??????????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? 24 ????? ????? 1915 ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ?? 15 ????? ?????? 1915 ? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ???. ??? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ????? (???????)? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ? ?? ?????? ?? ?? 1920 ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????-???? ??? 1916 ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? (7) ????? ?????? ? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? [12] ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??? 1920 ???? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ???????. [8]

????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????

????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ( ?????? ) ?????? ???? ??????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????. ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? 1920 ??? ???? ????? ?????????? ????? ??????. [13] ????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ??? ???????. [14]

?????? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ???????. [ ????? ????? ]

????? ???????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? (????) ????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?????

??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ???????. ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? . ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????. ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????:

  • ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????
  • ????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ????? (???? ???????? ????) ???? ????? ?????? (??????? ??? ??????).
  • ?? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ????????? ?????.
  • ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?????
  • ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????????. [15]

???? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??????. [16] ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? 1939 .

???? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? [ ??? ]

???? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? (????? ??????)? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ( ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ) ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??????. ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ????:

??????? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ????? (%)
???? 2.085.225 600.070 28.78
????? 1.700.763 210.510 12.38
????? 1.663.371 780.030 46.48
?????? 510.200 190.880 37.41
????? 328.767 42.870 13.04
???? 300.695 130.540 43.41
????? 430.109 33.870 7.87
??????? 479.221 81.340 16.97
??? 123.135 41.640 33.82
?????? 744.606 313.460 42.10
????? 1.647.899 467.850 28.39
???? 1.044.816 18.320 1.75

???? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????.

???? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? 180000 ??? ????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????. [17]

?? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? 1915? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ????????

???? ????? [ ??? ]

??????? [ ??? ]

  1. ^ ???? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? 2013. ????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ????? . ????? ?????? 16 ?? 2014. ???? ?????? 04 ???? 2016 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  2. ^ ????? ?????? 2014. ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ??????...??????? ????? 1921 ? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? . ????? ?????? 16 ?? 2014. ???? ?????? 19 ????? 2014 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  3. ^ ?????? ?????. ??? ????? ?????-???? . ????? ?????? 23 ????? ?????? 2012. ???? ?????? 22 ?????? 2012 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  4. ^ ????? ?????. 1999. ????? ???? ?????: ????? ???. ??? ????. ? 20.
  5. ^ "The Alexandretta Dispute" , American Journal of International Law ????? ?????? 30 ???? 2012. ???? ?????? 13 ????? 2020 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  6. ^ ????? ?????? 1999. ????? ???? ?????: ????? ???. ??? ????. ? 78
  7. ^ ?????? ???????? . ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? . ?????? ??????. ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????. ??? ???? ?????. ? 643
  8. ^ ? ? ?????? ????. 2005. ????? ??????. ???? ????? . ????? ?????? 31 ????? ?????? 2010.[[?????:?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ??? {{???:???_???}} {{???:???}}]] [ ?? ?????? ????? ??? ] "???? ??????" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2010-07-30 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-02-01 . {{ ??????? ??? }} : ????? ?????????: BOT: original URL status unknown ( link )
  9. ^ ?????? ???????? . ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? . ?????? ??????. ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????. ??? ???? ?????. ? 662
  10. ^ ? ? ?????? ?????????: ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? 2003? ?.90
  11. ^ ??????? ???????. 1989. ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????????. ??? ??????? ????? .
  12. ^ ?????? ??????? ?? ?? ?????? ?????????. ????? ???. ? 64
  13. ^ ???? ????? ????. ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? 1920 . ????? ?????? 17 ???? 2011. ???? ?????? 06 ???? 2018 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . [ ???? ?????? ]
  14. ^ ???? ??? ?????. 1986. ?????? ????????. ????? ??????. ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???????. ?149.
  15. ^ ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ? 17- 18.
  16. ^ ?????? ???? ??????? ????? 1958. ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????? ????? ?????? ??? ? ? 30.
  17. ^ ????? ????. 2008 . ?????????? ???? ≪???????≫ ????? ????? ??????. [1] . ????? ?????? ?????? ?????????. [ ???? ?????? ] ???? ?????? 05 ????? 2014 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
?????? ?? ≪ https://ar.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=????????_???????_????????&oldid=65580416 ≫