?????? ????? ???????

???
??????	????? ???????
????	????? ??????
????????	????? ?????? ??????
?????? ????????	▼ 1.484 ????? ????? ?????? (??????? 2020) ; ▼ 4.459 ????? ????? ?????? ( ????? ?????? ???????? ? 2020) ;
??? ?????? ????????	?1.1% (2018) 1.8% (2019e) ; ?8.1% (2020e) 1.9% (2021e) ;
???? ????? ?? ?????? ????????	▼ 1,295 ????? ?????? (??????? 2020) ; ▼ 3,206 ????? ?????? ( ????? ?????? ???????? ? 2020) ;
?????? ???????? ??? ????????	???????: 32.1% ; ???????: 12.9% ; ???????: 55% ; (2005) ;
?????? ????????? ( CPI )	2.294% (2018)
??? ?????? ; ??? ?? ?????	49.9% (2007 est.) 22.0% ??? ??????? ????? ?? 1.90 ????? ?? ????? (2014) ; 65.9% ??? ??????? ????? ?? 3.20 ????? ?? ????? (2014) ; 91.8% ??? ??????? ????? ?? 5.50 ????? ?? ????? (2014) ;
????? ???????	430,200 (2009)
???????	18% (??????? 2010)
???????? ????????	????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????
??? ????????	??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????????? ????????
????? ???????	???????? 51% ; ????? 20% ; ??????? 9% ; ????????? 6% ; ???????? 3% ; (2019) ;
??? ????????	??????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????
????? ?????????	????????? 39% ; ????? 27% ; ???????? 10% ; ??????? 5% ; ??????? 3% ; (2019) ;
?????? ?????????	544.434 ????? ????? ?????? ; (2017) ;
????? ??????? ????????	232.4 ????? ????? ?????? (2021) ; 15.63% ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? (2021) ;

?????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? . ^[9] ??????? 138 ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ^[10] 20% ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ? ^[9] ?52.9% ?????? ??? ??? ?? 1.25 ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? . ^[10]

???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? 2007 ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???????. ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????????? ???????. ^[11]

?????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? 2010? ??? 87.7? ?? ????? ??????? ?18.9? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? 36.7?. ^[12]

??????? [ ??? ]

?????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? . ??? ???? ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? 1976 ????? ??? ??????????.

????? ??????? ????????????? ??? ????????? ????????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??? 1989. ^[13] ???? ???????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? 1972. ^[14] ????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? 50-50.

???? ?????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ????? 70? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? 1999? ^[9] ??? 260 ??? ??? ?????. ??? ???????? ???? 10? ?? ??? 2011 ?????? ????? ?? ??? 2012. ^[15]

??? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? . ^[16] ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?? 2012. ^[16]

?????????? [ ??? ]

?????	?????? ?????? ???????? (??????? ????? ??????? ??????) ^[17]	???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? (??????? ????? ??????? ??????) ^[18]
1993 ^[19]	▲ 364.92	▲ 480
1994 ^[19]	▲ 427.30	▲ 561
1995 ^[19]	▲ 501.56	▲ 658
1996 ^[19]	▲ 610.11	▲ 801
1997 ^[19]	▲ 705.23	▲ 926
1998 ^[19]	▼ 250.12	▼ 328
1999
2000	▲ 367.08	▲ 415
2001	▲ 477.44	▲ 530
2002	▼ 469.51	▼ 508
2003	▲ 490.44	▲ 517
2004	▼ 440.76	▼ 453
2005	▲ 462.28	▲ 464
2006	▼ 453.80	▼ 446
2007	▲ 542.79	▲ 523
2008	▲ 648.49	▲ 614
2009	▲ 726.88	▲ 676
2010	▲ 881.82	▲ 806
2011	▲ 1,042	▲ 936
2012	▲ 1,160	▲ 1,024
2013	▲ 1,396	▲ 1,210
2014	▲ 1,447	▲ 1,232
2015	▲ 1,594	▲ 1,332
2016	▲ 1,651	▲ 1,353
2017	▼ 1,616	▼ 1,299
2018	▼ 1,584	▼ 1,249
2019	▲ 2,048	▲ 1,583
2020	▼ 1,902	▼ 1,442
2021

???????? [ ??? ]

?? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? 2013 ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? 169 ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????. ^[20] ?????? ?? ??? 2020 ??????? 181. ^[21]^:20 ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????. ^[22]

???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????? ??????? (NRI). ????? ????? ??????? ?? 2014 ??????? 141 ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??????? 134 ?? ??? 2013. ^[23]

????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ????????? ????? ??????? . ^[24]

??????? [ ??? ]

???? ?? ???? ??????? 80? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???????. ^[25] ???? ????? 67000 ???? ?? ??? 2009 ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????. ^[25] ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? 120 ???????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? 3.70 ????? ??????. ^[25] ???? 94? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????. ^[26]^:17 ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ????????. ^[26]^:16

???? ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????? 10 ?????? ????? ?? ?????. ^[27] ????? ????? ??????? ??????? 40 ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? 2012. ^[28]

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

?? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ????. ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? 2005 ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???????. ???? ???? ??????? 4.8 ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? 2009? ^[29]^:4-6 ????? ?????? ??? 8.7 ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? 2011. ^[30] ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? . ^[31] ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? 70 ????? ????? ?? ??? 2004 ??? 1.3 ????? ????? ?? ??? 2011 ?? ???? ????? 1.8 ????? ????? ???? 2012. ^[30] ?? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ????????? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????. ^[32] ??? ???????? ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? 2010. ^[21]^:18-19 ????? 80? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ??? 19 ????? ????? ?? ??? 2021? ?? 10 ????? ??? ????????? ???????. ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????????. ?????? ?????? ????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ??? 2009. ^[21]^:23

??????? [ ??? ]

??? ?????? 75000 ???? ?? ??? 2017. ^[33] ??? ????? ??? 2010? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????????. ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? .

????? [ ??? ]

^ ^? ^? ^? ^? ^? ^? "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2021" . IMF.org . ????? ????? ?????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-12-09 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-07-28 .
^ ^? ^? "The World Factbook" . CIA.gov . ????? ????????? ???????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-28 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-07-08 .
^ ^? ^? ^? "Budget, January 2022" (PDF) . www.mof.gov.tl/ . ????? ??????? . ?. 74. ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2023-02-28 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-01-11 .
^ Timor Leste ???? ?????? 14 ????? 2015 ?? Wayback Machine , The World Bank data
^ "Poverty headcount ratio at $1.90 a day (2011 PPP) (% of population) - Timor Leste | Data" . data.worldbank.org . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-12-09 . ???? ???? ?????? 2020-10-16 .
^ "Poverty headcount ratio at $3.20 a day (2011 PPP) (% of population) - Timor Leste | Data" . data.worldbank.org . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-12-09 . ???? ???? ?????? 2020-10-16 .
^ "Poverty headcount ratio at $5.50 a day (2011 PPP) (% of population) - Timor Leste | Data" . data.worldbank.org . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-28 . ???? ???? ?????? 2020-10-16 .
^ " ????? ?????? ????? ?????? " . ????? ?????? . ???? ???? ?????? 2019-05-01 .
^ ^? ^? ^? Timor Leste ? World Bank ???? ?????? 2018-02-09 ?? Wayback Machine
^ ^? ^? "HDI" (PDF) . UNDP. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-04-02 . ???? ???? ?????? 2015-03-04 .
^ "VOA News - East Timor Facing Food Crisis" . web.archive.org . 14 ????? 2007. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2007-07-14 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-12-09 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: ????? ?????????: BOT: original URL status unknown ( link )
^ "Highlights of the 2010 Census Main Results in Timor-Leste" (PDF) . Direccao Nacional de Estatistica. ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 28 ?????? 2013.
^ "TIMOR GAP TREATY between Australia and the Republic of Indonesia on the Zone of cooperation in an area between the Indonesian Province of East Timor and Northern Australia" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2005-06-16.
^ "Radio Australia" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2007-01-02.
^ "Timor-Leste's Economy Remains Strong, Prospects for Private Sector Development Strengthened" . Asian Development Bank. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2014-01-02.
^ ^? ^? Schonhardt? Sara (19 ????? 2012). "Former Army Chief Elected President in East Timor" . The New York Times . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-12-09.
^ "Timor Leste GDP world bank" . data.worldbank.org (??????????? ?????????). Archived from the original on 2022-12-09 . Retrieved 2022-04-08 .
^ "Timor Leste GDP Percapita world bank" . data.worldbank.org (??????????? ?????????). Archived from the original on 2022-12-10 . Retrieved 2022-04-08 .
^ ^? ^? ^? ^? ^? ^? GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT EAST TIMOR 2000 (PDF) . Boston: BOSTON INSTITUTE FOR DEVELOPING ECONOMIES. 2013. ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2022-12-09.
^ "Doing Business in Timor-Leste" . World Bank. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2013-02-10 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-02-13 .
^ ^? ^? ^? "Timor-Leste Country Report 2022" . Bertelsmann Stiftung. 2022. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-17 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-05-02 .
^ "Gazetteer ? Patents" . Billanderson.com.au. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-22 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-03-28 .
^ "NRI Overall Ranking 2014" (PDF) . World Economic Forum. ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2022-12-14 . ???? ???? ?????? 2014-06-28 .
^ "Boosting Growth through the Growth Triangle ≪ Government of Timor-Leste" . timor-leste.gov.tl . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-07-17.
^ ^? ^? ^? "Expanding Timor ? Leste's Near ? Term Non ? Oil Exports" (PDF) . World Bank. ????? 2010. ?. iii. ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2022-11-15.
^ ^? ^? "Climate Risk Country Profile - Timor-Leste" . Asian Development Bank, World Bank Group. 18 ?????? 2021. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-11-08 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-05-23 .
^ "U.S. Relations With Timor-Leste" . U.S. Department of State. 3 ????? 2012. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-01-29.
^ "FAOSTAT" . faostat3.fao.org . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-11-01.
^ Bank? World (????? 2009). "Timor-Leste : Country Environmental Analysis" . World Bank Group. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-08 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-05-24 .
^ ^? ^? "Observers divided over oil fund investment" . IRIN Asia. 18 ?????? 2011. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-12-09.
^ "Article IV Consultation with the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste" . IMF. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-12-03.
^ "East Timor axes Australia border treaty over oil reserves" . BBC News . BBC UK. 10 ????? 2017. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-12-09.
^ "Keine Lust auf Massentourismus? Studie: Die Lander mit den wenigsten Urlaubern der Welt" . TRAVELBOOK . 10 ?????? 2018. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-24.

?? ????? ??? ?????? ??: ?????? ????? ???????

[IMFWEOTL-1] ? ^? ^? ^? ^? ^? "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2021" . IMF.org . ????? ????? ?????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-12-09 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-07-28 .

[CIA_World_Factbook-2] ? ^? "The World Factbook" . CIA.gov . ????? ????????? ???????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-28 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-07-08 .

[MOFGOVTL-3] ? ^? ^? "Budget, January 2022" (PDF) . www.mof.gov.tl/ . ????? ??????? . ?. 74. ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2023-02-28 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-01-11 .

[WB1-4] Timor Leste ???? ?????? 14 ????? 2015 ?? Wayback Machine , The World Bank data

[5] "Poverty headcount ratio at $1.90 a day (2011 PPP) (% of population) - Timor Leste | Data" . data.worldbank.org . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-12-09 . ???? ???? ?????? 2020-10-16 .

[6] "Poverty headcount ratio at $3.20 a day (2011 PPP) (% of population) - Timor Leste | Data" . data.worldbank.org . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-12-09 . ???? ???? ?????? 2020-10-16 .

[7] "Poverty headcount ratio at $5.50 a day (2011 PPP) (% of population) - Timor Leste | Data" . data.worldbank.org . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-28 . ???? ???? ?????? 2020-10-16 .

[516cb4c47f3a78bab3f0533e4dcd4388ba318079-8] " ????? ?????? ????? ?????? " . ????? ?????? . ???? ???? ?????? 2019-05-01 .

[:0-9] ? ^? ^? Timor Leste ? World Bank ???? ?????? 2018-02-09 ?? Wayback Machine

[UNDP-10] ? ^? "HDI" (PDF) . UNDP. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-04-02 . ???? ???? ?????? 2015-03-04 .

[11] "VOA News - East Timor Facing Food Crisis" . web.archive.org . 14 ????? 2007. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2007-07-14 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-12-09 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: ????? ?????????: BOT: original URL status unknown ( link )

[12] "Highlights of the 2010 Census Main Results in Timor-Leste" (PDF) . Direccao Nacional de Estatistica. ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 28 ?????? 2013.

[13] "TIMOR GAP TREATY between Australia and the Republic of Indonesia on the Zone of cooperation in an area between the Indonesian Province of East Timor and Northern Australia" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2005-06-16.

[14] "Radio Australia" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2007-01-02.

[15] "Timor-Leste's Economy Remains Strong, Prospects for Private Sector Development Strengthened" . Asian Development Bank. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2014-01-02.

[Schonhardt-16] ? ^? Schonhardt? Sara (19 ????? 2012). "Former Army Chief Elected President in East Timor" . The New York Times . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-12-09.

[17] "Timor Leste GDP world bank" . data.worldbank.org (??????????? ?????????). Archived from the original on 2022-12-09 . Retrieved 2022-04-08 .

[18] "Timor Leste GDP Percapita world bank" . data.worldbank.org (??????????? ?????????). Archived from the original on 2022-12-10 . Retrieved 2022-04-08 .

[timortimur-19] ? ^? ^? ^? ^? ^? GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT EAST TIMOR 2000 (PDF) . Boston: BOSTON INSTITUTE FOR DEVELOPING ECONOMIES. 2013. ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2022-12-09.

[edb-20] "Doing Business in Timor-Leste" . World Bank. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2013-02-10 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-02-13 .

[BTI2022-21] ? ^? ^? "Timor-Leste Country Report 2022" . Bertelsmann Stiftung. 2022. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-17 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-05-02 .

[22] "Gazetteer ? Patents" . Billanderson.com.au. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-22 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-03-28 .

[23] "NRI Overall Ranking 2014" (PDF) . World Economic Forum. ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2022-12-14 . ???? ???? ?????? 2014-06-28 .

[24] "Boosting Growth through the Growth Triangle ≪ Government of Timor-Leste" . timor-leste.gov.tl . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-07-17.

[wb-expanding-25] ? ^? ^? "Expanding Timor ? Leste's Near ? Term Non ? Oil Exports" (PDF) . World Bank. ????? 2010. ?. iii. ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2022-11-15.

[ADBWBG2021-26] ? ^? "Climate Risk Country Profile - Timor-Leste" . Asian Development Bank, World Bank Group. 18 ?????? 2021. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-11-08 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-05-23 .

[us-dos-27] "U.S. Relations With Timor-Leste" . U.S. Department of State. 3 ????? 2012. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-01-29.

[28] "FAOSTAT" . faostat3.fao.org . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-11-01.

[WBG2009-29] Bank? World (????? 2009). "Timor-Leste : Country Environmental Analysis" . World Bank Group. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-08 . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-05-24 .

[irin-asia-30] ? ^? "Observers divided over oil fund investment" . IRIN Asia. 18 ?????? 2011. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-12-09.

[art4-31] "Article IV Consultation with the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste" . IMF. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-12-03.

[32] "East Timor axes Australia border treaty over oil reserves" . BBC News . BBC UK. 10 ????? 2017. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-12-09.

[33] "Keine Lust auf Massentourismus? Studie: Die Lander mit den wenigsten Urlaubern der Welt" . TRAVELBOOK . 10 ?????? 2018. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-02-24.

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? ? ? ?????? ????
??? ??? ?????	?????? ??????? ¹ ???????? ¹ ????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ³ ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ¹ ????? ³ ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ¹ ??? ?????????? ????????? ³ ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ³ ??????? ??????? ² ????? ????? ??????? ?????
????? ??? ???????? ???????	??????? ¹ ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ¹ ?????? ?????? ???? ????????
???????? ????? ?????????	????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????
¹ ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ???????. ² ?????? ????? ???? ??????? . ³ ??? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ????.