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???? ??? ??????? ( ?????????? : Otto von Garnier )? ?? ???? ?????? ? ??? ?? 1 ???? 1859 ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ? ????? ?? 17 ????? 1947 ?? ?????? ?? ??????? . ^[1]^[2]^[3]

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^ Cooksey, Jon; Murland, Jerry (31 Oct 2014). The Retreat from Mons 1914: South: The Western Front by Car, by bike and on Foot (???????????). Pen and Sword. ISBN : 9781473823365 . Archived from the original on 2019-12-09.
^ "Otto von Garnier" . prussianmachine.com . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-06-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-06-03 .
^ "Slagorde van het Duitse leger in 1914, organisatie in vredestijd, mobilisatie en concentratie, 1 Army, iI. A. K., iII. A. K." divamelinga.com (??????????). Archived from the original on 2018-06-12 . Retrieved 2018-06-04 .

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