???? ???? ????
(1 ????? 1909 - 3 ????? 1987)? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?????.
[1]
[2]
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1931
? ??
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.
????? ??????
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??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????
[
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?????
????? ???????
??????? ????? ???? ????? ???
1930
??? ??? (
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) ????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? (
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) ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ???????.
?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????????
[
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(????? ????) ???? ????? (
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.
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)? ???? ???? ?? ?????
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? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????. ??? ???
1933
???? ?? ????? ???? (
?? ???????
) ?? ?????? ??????????? ???????? (
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) ? (
???? ??????
)? ???? ???? (15) ?? (16) ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???
1933
.
????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???????
[
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1934
???? (
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) ? (
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) ?? ????? (
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)???? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? (
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)? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ? (
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) ???? ???.
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[
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1939
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? ????? ????? ????? (
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)
1939
? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??????? (
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) ???? ????? ?????? ?????
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)? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????????.
?????? ??? ??????? ??????
[
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) ?? ????? ???? (
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)? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ???? (
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) ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? (
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[
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1943
? ???????
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) ????? ???? ???
1943
????? (
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)? (
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) ???? ???
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1945
????
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[
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]
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) ???
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?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? (
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)? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ????? (
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)? ???
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) ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? (
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)
1946
.
? ??? ???? (
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)
1946
?
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1944
? ???? ????? ?????
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) ?? ????? ???? ?????
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???? ????? ??????? ????????
? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? (
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1947
? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? (
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??? ???? ?? ??? (
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)? ? (
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). ????? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? (
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).
?? ????
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?? ????? ?????? ???? (
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)
1948
??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? (
???? ????
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)? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ???
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1948
????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? (
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) ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????
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.
??? ???
1949
???? (
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) ???:
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) ???? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? (
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) ??? ????? ?? ?????? (
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???? ??? ??????
[
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1949
??? ??? ?????? ???? (
???? ?? ??????
)
1949
? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??????
????? ?????? ??????????
????? (
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) ? (
?? ?????
) ?????? ??? ?? (
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)? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??
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.
??? ???
1951
???? ?????? ???? (
??? ??????
) ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? (
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) ???? ??? ?? ???
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??? ???????
?????????
?? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? (
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) ????? (
???? ????
)? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??????? (
???? ????
).
?? ????? ??????
1952
???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? (
????? ??????
) ?? ???? ???? ?????? (
???? ???????
) ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????
1952
??? ?????? (
????? ???????
) ???? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? (
???? ???????
) ?? ???? (
????? ??????
)? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??? (
????? ??????
) ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? (
???? ???????
) ???? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????
???? ???? ????
???? ??? ??? ??? ??????? (
????? ????????
)? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? (
??????? ??
) ?????? (
????? ????
)
1952
.
??? ???
1953
???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? (
???????
) ????? (
???? ????
)? (
???? ?????
)? (
???? ??????
) ?????
????? ?????? ??????????
? ??? ???? ?????? ???????.
?? ????? ???
1954
???? ???? (
??? ???? ????
)? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ???? (
?????? ?????
) ???
1949
? ???? ????? ??????. ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??: ?? ???? (
??? ???? ????
) ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ???? (
?? ??? ??? ????
)? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? (
??? ???? ????
) ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?????.
??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? (
???? ??????
)
1954
????? ??? ?????? ?????
???? ??? ???????
? (
?????? ????????
)
1954
????? ????? ????? ?????
????? ??????? ??????
? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? (
???????? ?? ????
)
1954
??? ???? ????????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ??
????
????? ???
??????
? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? (
???? ????
)? (
???? ?????
)? (
??????
).
??? ?????? ???????? ???????
[
???
]
????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? (
???????
) ???
1955
????? (
???? ????
)? (
???? ????
)? (
???? ????
) ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????????? ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????.
??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????????
[
???
]
??????
???? ???? ????
????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???
1956
??? ???
1959
? ??? ?????????? ?? ???
1959
??? ???
1962
? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????? ????? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? (
???? ??????
)
1955
45 ?????? ??????? ???????? (
?????
) ?????? ?? 32 ???? ?????????? ??? ?? ???? 15 ?????
1960
? ??????? ???????? (
???????? ??????
)
1962
? ???????? ?????? (
??????
)
1962
? ????????? (
???????
) ?????? ?? 30 ???? ??????????? ???????? ????????? (
??????? ??? ???
) 1964? ? (
????? ????
)
1965
2?????? ? (
???? ????
) 1966 31 ?????? ? (
????? ??????? ???????
) 200 ?????? ? (
????? ??? ?????
)
1967
?
1968
?? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? 5 ??? 7 ????? ?? ????? (
??? ?????? ????????
) (
????? ??? ??????
)? ? (
????????? ?????
)
1973
? ??????? ???? (
??????? ??????? ???????? ??????
)
1978
.
?????? ????? ???? ????????? ???????? ????? ??????????
[
???
]
???????? ??? ??? (
???? ???? ?????????
) ??????? ????? ?????????? ??? (
?? ??????
) ????? ???? ???????? ? (
?? ???????? ?????????
) ????? (
???? ??????
)? ????? ?????? ??? ?????.
???? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ???????
[
???
]
??? ???
???? ???? ????
????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ???
1967
? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? (
??? ????
) ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ???? (
?????? ??? ?????
) ???? ??? ??????? (
????? ????
) ?? ??? ???? ??????? (
??? ??????
)
1951
???? ?? ?????? (
??? ???????
) ????? (
???? ???????
) ???? ??? ?? ???? (
????? ??????
) ????? ??????? ?????? (
???? ????
[
?
]
) ???? ??? ?????? (
???? ???????
) ????? ?? (
???? ??????
).
????? ?????? ??????? ?????
[
???
]
????? ??????
[
???
]
????? ??? ????????
[
???
]
?????? ?????????
[
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]
?????
[
???
]
?????? ????????
[
???
]
- ???? ???? ?????????
? ????????? ?? ??????? /
???? ????
1973
.
- ????? ??????? ???????
1973
.
?????
[
???
]
??
???? ???? ????
????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??
3 ?????
???
1978
??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ???????.
???????
[
???
]
????? ??????
[
???
]