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هذه المقالة يتيمة. ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالة متعلقة بها
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??? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????. [3] [4]

????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ≪?????? ?? ???? ????≫ ????? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????. [5] [6]

?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????. [7] [8]

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???? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????. [7]

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????? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ????????? ??????????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?????. [9]

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?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????. [10]

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???? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ???????. [11] [12]

??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?????. [13]

?? ????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????. [14]

???? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ≪?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ???????≫ ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????. [15]

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  2. ^ Oliver? M.? Woywodt? A.? Ahmed? A.? Saif? I. (20 ?????? 2010). "Organ donation, transplantation and religion" . Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation . ?. 26 ?. 2: 437?444. DOI : 10.1093/ndt/gfq628 . PMID : 20961891 .
  3. ^ Keown? Damien (2001). Buddhism and bioethics (?. 1st (Great Britain)). Basingstoke [u.a.]: Palgrave. ISBN : 978-0312126711 .
  4. ^ Sharif? Adnan (?????? 2012). "Organ Donation and Islam?Challenges and Opportunities". Transplantation . ?. 94 ?. 5: 442?446. DOI : 10.1097/TP.0b013e31825f4474 . PMID : 22854424 . S2CID : 21810077 .
  5. ^ Brockopp? edited by Jonathan E.? Eich? Thomas (2008). Muslim medical ethics : from theory to practice . Columbia, S.C.: University of South Carolina Press. ISBN : 9781570037535 . {{ ??????? ????? }} : |????1-?????= ???? ??? ( ?????? )
  6. ^ Atighetchi? Dariusch (2007). Islamic bioethics : problems and perspectives . [Dordrecht]: Springer. ISBN : 978-1402049613 .
  7. ^ ? ? Oliver? Mike (2012). "Donating in good faith or getting into trouble Religion and organ donation revisited" . World Journal of Transplantation . ?. 2 ?. 5: 69?73. DOI : 10.5500/wjt.v2.i5.69 . PMC : 3782236 . PMID : 24175198 . {{ ??????? ?????? ????? }} : ????? ?????????: ??? ????? ??? ???? ( link )
  8. ^ Randhawa? Gurch? Brocklehurst? Anna? Pateman? Ruth? Kinsella? Suzannah? Parry? Vivienne (9 ????? 2010). "Religion and Organ Donation: The Views of UK Faith Leaders". Journal of Religion and Health . ?. 51 ?. 3: 743?751. DOI : 10.1007/s10943-010-9374-3 . PMID : 20617384 . S2CID : 3153943 .
  9. ^ "Matthew 22" . www.lds.org . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-11-19.
  10. ^ https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/1101990002#h=23 ???? ?????? 2021-03-08 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  11. ^ Al-Mousawi, M? Hamed? T? Al-Matouk? H (?????? 1997). "Views of Islamic scholars on organ donation and brain death" . Transplantation Proceedings . ?. 29 ?. 8: 3217. DOI : 10.1016/S0041-1345(97)00876-2 . PMID : 9414684 .
  12. ^ Khan? Faroque (1986). "The Definition of Death in Islam: Can Brain Death Be Used as a Criteria of Death in Islam?" . Journal of the Islamic Medical Association . ?. 18 ?. 1: 18?21. DOI : 10.5915/18-1-4731 .
  13. ^ Yaseen? Mohammad Naeem (1990). "The Rulings for the Donation of Human Organs in the Light of Shar?'a Rules and Medical Facts". Arab Law Quarterly . ?. 5 ?. 1: 49?87. DOI : 10.2307/3381562 . ISSN : 0268-0556 . JSTOR : 3381562 .
  14. ^ Rasheed? S. A.? Padela? A. I. (2013). "The interplay between religious leaders and organ donation among Muslims" . Zygon . ?. 48 ?. 3: 635?654. DOI : 10.1111/zygo.12040 . S2CID : 51807425 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-05-06.
  15. ^ Hedayat? K. M. (2007). "The Possibility of a Universal Declaration of Biomedical Ethics" . Journal of Medical Ethics . ?. 33 ?. 1: 17?20. DOI : 10.1136/jme.2006.016170 . ISSN : 0306-6800 . JSTOR : 27719776 . PMC : 2598081 . PMID : 17209104 .
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