?????? ????????? ???????
(Андре?й Дми?триевич Са?харов) ??
???? ????
???????
??? ??
?????
??
21 ????
1921
? ????? ??
14 ??????
1989
. ??? ???
????? ???? ??????
???
1975
?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????. ??? ??? ??????? ??????
????????????
?? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ???
??????? ????????
???????? ??????? ???????? ??
?????????
? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????.
[1]
:109
?????? ????????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????????? ???
1979
??? ??????? ?????? ?????.
?????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? Scherbinki ?? 1980 ??? 1986 ????? ?????? ???? ??? ????.
??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????
????? ???????
. ????? ??????? ????? ????
??????? ????????????
???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ???????????? ????????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? 37. ???? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ???????
??????? ???????
?????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????. ??? ???????
????? ???? ??????
??? 1975 ??????? ?????. ?????
????? ??????? ????? ?????
?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ??.
[2]
???? ??????? ?? ????? ?? 21 ???? 1921. ??? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???????: ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????
?????
. ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? (??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????????) ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????. ?????? ??????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ????????: ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ???
???????
. ??? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????. ??? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????. ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????. ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ≪???? ??????≫ ????? ???????? ??????????.
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
?????? ??????? ???????
???
????? ???????
?????? ????? ????????
??? 1938. ???? ????? ??????? ??? 1941 ????? ????? ??????? ?????? (????? ???????? ???????) ???? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?
?????????
. ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??????????. ??? ??? 1943 ???? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ???? ????? ????. ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? 1969. ??? ??????? ???
?????
?? ??? 1945 ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????????. ???? ???? ????????? ??? 1947.
[9]
[10]
????? ??????? ????????????
???
??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? 1988
??? ??????
????? ???????? ???????
???? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????. ??? ????? ??? 1948 ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ???. ??? ??? 1948 ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ?????: ????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?????????. ???? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ??????????? ??? ≪??????≫? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????. ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?? 29 ????? 1949. ???? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??? 1950 ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ????????? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ≪???? ??????? ???????≫? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????????. ???? ??????? ????? ≪?????? ?????? ???????≫ ???????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???????. ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????????. ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????. ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?????
??????? ??????
. ?? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????. ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????????. ???? ????? ?????????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????????? ???????????. ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?? ?? 37 ?? ??? 1955. ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????: ????? ?????? ???? 50 ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??? 1961? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ????.
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. ????? ??
?????
?? 2015-12-29.
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Sidney David Drell, Serge? Petrovich Kapitsa,
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Apparently Sakharov did not need to delve any deeper into it for a long time, remaining a totally nonmilitant atheist with an open heart.
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. Hoover Press.
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I am unable to imagine the universe and human life without some guiding principle, without a source of spiritual 'warmth' that is nonmaterial and not bound by physical laws.
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{{
??????? ?????
}}
: ????? ?????????: ??????? ?????? (
link
)
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. Oxford University Press.
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978-0195156201
.