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? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?1630 ????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? 1632 ????? ???? ??? ????? ?1632 ???????? ??????? ??? ? ???? ?/??????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ? ???? ????? ? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ? ???? ??? ? ?????? ?????? ???? ? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ? ???? ????? ?????? ???????

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????? ? ???? ???? ?1636 ??????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ^[1] ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ? ??? ??? ? 44? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ????? 44 ???? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ? ????? ??? ????? ? ???? ???? ? ????? ???? ? ?? ???? ? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ^[2] ??????? 7 ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ^[3]

????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?1637 ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ^[4]

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?1666 ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ????????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ????

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???? "???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???" ^[5]

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1. ^ Solomon Getamun, History of the City of Gondar (Africa World Press, 2005), pp.1-4
2. ^ Getamun, City of Gondar, p. 5
3. ^ Richard Pankhurst, Economic History of Ethiopia (Addis Ababa: Haile Selassie University Press, 1968), pp. 297f
4. ^ James Bruce, Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile (1805 edition), vol. 3, pp. 435-437
5. ^ ??? ????? ?? ????
6. ^ Nathaniel T. Kenney, "Ethiopian Adventure", National Geographic, 127 (1965), p.557.
7. ^ Hespeler-Boultbee, John Jeremey, A Story In Stones: Portugal's Influence on Culture and Architecture in the Highlands of Ethiopia 1493-1693, CCB Publishing, British Columbia, 2011, page 101