The beginnings of the MFO stem from Annex I to the Treaty of Peace entitled “Protocol Concerning Israeli Withdrawal and Security Arrangements.
The area subject to Annex I is divided into four zones, Zones A, B, and C in the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt and Zone D in Israel. Zones C and D are adjacent to the international border. This Annex also establishes the post-withdrawal levels of military personnel and equipment allowed in each Zone and, in Article VI, states that both Parties would request the United Nations to provide a force and observers to supervise the implementation of these provisions.