Video compression standard
Versatile Video Coding
(
VVC
), also known as
H.266
,
[1]
ISO/IEC 23090-3
,
[2]
and
MPEG-I Part 3
, is a
video compression standard
finalized on 6 July 2020, by the Joint Video Experts Team (JVET),
[3]
a joint video expert team of the
VCEG
working group of
ITU-T Study Group 16
and the
MPEG
working group of
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29
. It is the successor to
High Efficiency Video Coding
(HEVC, also known as ITU-T H.265 and MPEG-H Part 2). It was developed with two primary goals – improved compression performance and support for a very broad range of applications.
[4]
[5]
[6]
Concept
[
edit
]
In October 2015, the
MPEG
and
VCEG
formed the Joint Video Exploration Team (JVET) to evaluate available compression technologies and study the requirements for a next-generation video compression standard. The new standard has about 50% better compression rate for the same perceptual quality compared to HEVC,
[7]
with support for lossless and lossy compression. It supports resolutions ranging from very low resolution up to
4K
and
16K
as well as 360° videos. VVC supports
YCbCr
4:4:4, 4:2:2 and 4:2:0 with 8?10 bits per component,
BT.2100
wide color gamut and
high dynamic range (HDR)
of more than 16 stops (with peak brightness of 1,000, 4,000 and 10,000
nits
), auxiliary channels (for depth, transparency, etc.), variable and fractional frame rates from 0 to 120 Hz and higher, scalable video coding for temporal (frame rate), spatial (resolution), SNR, color gamut and dynamic range differences, stereo/multiview coding, panoramic formats, and still-picture coding. Work on high bit depth support (12 to 16 bits per component) started in October 2020
[8]
and was included in the second edition published in 2022. Encoding complexity of several times (up to ten times) that of
HEVC
is expected, depending on the quality of the encoding algorithm (which is outside the scope of the standard). The decoding complexity is about twice that of HEVC.
VVC development has been made using the VVC Test Model (VTM), a reference software codebase that was started with a minimal set of coding tools. Further coding tools have been added after being tested in Core Experiments (CEs). Its predecessor was the Joint Exploration Model (JEM), an experimental software codebase that was based on the reference software used for
HEVC
.
History
[
edit
]
JVET issued a final Call for Proposals in October 2017, and the standardization process officially began in April 2018 when the first working draft of the standard was produced.
[9]
[10]
At
IBC
2018, a preliminary implementation based on VVC was demonstrated that was said to compress video 40% more efficiently than HEVC.
[11]
The content of the final standard was approved on 6 July 2020.
[7]
[12]
[13]
Schedule
[
edit
]
- October 2017: Call for proposals
- April 2018: Evaluation of the proposals received and first draft of the standard
[14]
- July 2019: Ballot issued for committee draft
- October 2019: Ballot issued for draft international standard
- 6 July 2020: Completion of final standard
Licensing
[
edit
]
To reduce the risk of the problems seen when licensing
HEVC
implementations, for VVC a new group called the Media Coding Industry Forum (MC-IF) was founded.
[15]
[16]
However, MC-IF had no power over the standardization process, which was based on technical merit as determined by consensus decisions of JVET.
[17]
Four companies were initially vying to be patent pool administrators for VVC, in a situation similar to the previous AVC
[18]
and HEVC
[19]
codecs. Two companies later formed patent pools:
Access Advance
and
MPEG LA
(now known as Via-LA).
[20]
Access Advance published their licensing fee in April 2021.
[21]
Via-LA published their licensing fee in January 2022.
[22]
Companies known not to be a part of the Access Advance or Via-LA patent pools as of November 2023 are: Apple, Canon, Ericsson, Fraunhofer, Google, Huawei, Humax, Intel, LG, Interdigital, Maxell, Microsoft, Oppo, Qualcomm, Samsung, Sharp and Sony.
Adoption
[
edit
]
Content providers
[
edit
]
- In 2021
MX Player
[23]
was reported to deliver content in VVC to up to 20% of its mobile customers.
[24]
Software
[
edit
]
Encoders/decoders
Players
Hardware
[
edit
]
Broadcast
[
edit
]
The Brazilian
SBTVD
Forum will adopt the MPEG-I VVC codec in its forthcoming broadcast television system,
TV 3.0
, expected to launch in 2024. It will be used alongside
MPEG-5 LCEVC
as a video base layer encoder for
broadcast
and
broadband
delivery.
[49]
The European organization
DVB Project
, which governs
digital television
broadcasting
standards
, announced 24 February 2022 that VVC was now part of its tools for broadcasting.
[50]
The
DVB
tuner specification used throughout Europe, Australia, and many other regions has been revised to support the VVC (H.266) video codec, the successor to
HEVC
.
[51]
See also
[
edit
]
Notes
[
edit
]
- ^
License withholds patent rights and is not OSI-approved.
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"H.266: Versatile video coding"
.
International Telecommunication Union
.
Archived
from the original on 21 June 2021
. Retrieved
21 June
2021
.
- ^
"Information technology ? Coded representation of immersive media ? Part 3: Versatile video coding"
.
International Organization for Standardization
(2nd ed.). September 2022. ISO/IEC 23090-3:2022
. Retrieved
16 February
2021
.
- ^
"JVET - Joint Video Experts Team"
.
International Telecommunication Union
. Retrieved
21 January
2019
.
- ^
Bross, Benjamin; Chen, Jianle; Ohm, Jens-Rainer; Sullivan, Gary J.; Wang, Ye-Kui (September 2021).
"Developments in International Video Coding Standardization After AVC, With an Overview of Versatile Video Coding (VVC)"
.
Proceedings of the IEEE
.
109
(9): 1463?1493.
doi
:
10.1109/JPROC.2020.3043399
.
S2CID
234183758
.
- ^
Bross, Benjamin; Wang, Ye-Kui; Ye, Yan; Liu, Shan; Sullivan, Gary J.; Ohm, Jens-Rainer (October 2021).
"Overview of the Versatile Video Coding (VVC) Standard and its Applications"
.
IEEE Trans. Circuits & Systs. For Video Technol
.
31
(10): 3736?3764.
doi
:
10.1109/TCSVT.2021.3101953
.
S2CID
238243504
.
- ^
Boyce, Jill M.
; Chen, Jianle; Liu, Shan; Ohm, Jens-Rainer; Sullivan, Gary J.;
Wiegand, Thomas
; Ye, Yan; Zhu, Wenwu (October 2021).
"Guest Editorial Introduction to the Special Section on the VVC Standard"
.
IEEE Trans. Circuits & Systs. For Video Technol
.
31
(10): 3731?3735.
doi
:
10.1109/TCSVT.2021.3111712
.
S2CID
238425004
.
- ^
a
b
"Fraunhofer HHI is proud to present the new state-of-the-art in global video coding: H.266/VVC brings video transmission to new speeds"
.
Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications
. 6 July 2020
. Retrieved
8 July
2020
.
- ^
T. Ikai; T. Zhou; T. Hashimoto.
"AHG12: VVC coding tool evaluation for high bit-depth coding"
.
JVET document management system
.
- ^
"N17195, Joint Call for Proposals on Video Compression with Capability beyond HEVC"
.
mpeg.chiariglione.org
. Retrieved
21 January
2019
.
- ^
"N17669, Working Draft 1 of Versatile Video Coding"
.
mpeg.chiariglione.org
. Retrieved
18 August
2019
.
- ^
"Fraunhofer Institut zeigt 50% besseren HEVC Nachfolger VVC auf der // IBC 2018"
.
slashCAM
(in German)
. Retrieved
21 January
2019
.
- ^
"Versatile Video Coding | MPEG"
.
mpeg.chiariglione.org
. Retrieved
21 January
2019
.
- ^
ITU (27 April 2018).
"Beyond HEVC: Versatile Video Coding project starts strongly in Joint Video Experts Team"
.
ITU News
.
Archived
from the original on 21 June 2021
. Retrieved
21 June
2021
.
- ^
"JVET-J1001: Versatile Video Coding (Draft 1)"
. April 2018.
- ^
Ozer, Jan (13 January 2019).
"A Video Codec Licensing Update"
.
Streaming Media
. Retrieved
21 January
2019
.
- ^
"MC-IF"
.
mc-if
. Retrieved
21 January
2019
.
- ^
Feldman, Christian (7 May 2019).
"Video Engineering Summit East 2019 ? AV1/VVC Update"
. New York. Archived from
the original
on 20 June 2019
. Retrieved
20 June
2019
.
No change to the standardization has been done, so it could theoretically happen that the same thing with HEVC happens again. No measures have been done to prevent that, unfortunately. Also, JVET is not directly responsible; they are just a technical committee. (…) There is the Media Coding Industry Forum (…), but they don't have any real power.
- ^
Siglin, Timothy (12 February 2009).
"The H.264 Licensing Labyrinth"
.
Streaming Media
. Retrieved
8 July
2020
.
- ^
Ozer, Jan (17 January 2020).
"Balance of Power Shifts Among HEVC Patent Pools"
.
Streaming Media
. Retrieved
8 July
2020
.
- ^
Ozer, Jan (28 January 2021).
"VVC Patent Pools: And Then There Were Two"
.
Streaming Media
. Retrieved
23 February
2021
.
- ^
"access advance royalties"
.
- ^
"via-la licensing fees"
.
- ^
"MX Player cuts down video streaming data consumption by half; upgrades its video encoding and compression technology to H.266"
.
businessinsider.in
. 15 June 2021.
- ^
"How the H.266 video standard will help stream content way faster"
.
The Next Web
. 7 September 2021.
- ^
"Fraunhofer HHI has developed a software encoder that fully exploits the compression potential of VVC. Its source code is available on GitHub"
.
hhi.fraunhofer.de
. Retrieved
29 June
2021
.
- ^
"Fraunhofer HHI has developed a resource efficient, multithreaded VVC software decoder that enables live decoding. Its source code is available on GitHub"
.
hhi.fraunhofer.de
. Retrieved
29 June
2021
.
- ^
Tencent
(22 June 2021).
"High performance Real-time H.266/VVC decoder now available from Tencent Media Lab"
. Tencent. Archived from
the original
on 22 June 2021
. Retrieved
22 June
2021
.
- ^
Tencent
(16 July 2021).
"Tencent Cloud Becomes First Cloud Service Provider to Support H.266/VVC Standard"
.
- ^
"FFmpeg"
.
ffmpeg.org
. Retrieved
5 April
2024
.
- ^
"Support RPR · Issue #9 · ffvvc/FFmpeg"
.
GitHub
. Retrieved
7 April
2024
.
- ^
"Support PALETTE · Issue #8 · ffvvc/FFmpeg"
.
GitHub
. Retrieved
7 April
2024
.
- ^
"git.ffmpeg.org Git - ffmpeg.git/commit"
.
git.ffmpeg.org
. Retrieved
3 January
2024
.
- ^
"Release 0.79 · Nevcairiel/LAVFilters"
.
GitHub
. Retrieved
17 April
2024
.
- ^
"Spin Digital ? 8K VVC Media Player (Spin Player VVC)"
.
Spin Digital
. Retrieved
20 August
2021
.
- ^
Rudd, Emilia.
"Elmedia Player for Mac Version History | KB"
.
Electronic Team, Inc
. Retrieved
23 July
2023
.
- ^
"Release 2.2.0 · clsid2/mpc-hc"
.
GitHub
. Retrieved
2 April
2024
.
- ^
"Release MPC-BE 1.7.0 · Aleksoid1978/MPC-BE"
.
GitHub
.
- ^
"Steam :: Zoom Player Steam Edition :: Announcing Zoom Player v19 beta 6"
.
store.steampowered.com
. 12 April 2024
. Retrieved
17 April
2024
.
- ^
"IP Decoder AV1 8K IP Video Multiformats AV1 422 Scalable"
.
Allegro DVT - Leading Video Compression Expertise
. Retrieved
2 July
2021
.
- ^
"First hardware VVC/H.266 video decoder IP core"
. 1 July 2021
. Retrieved
2 July
2021
.
- ^
Bonshor, Gavin.
"Intel Unveils Lunar Lake Architecture: New P and E cores, Xe2-LPG Graphics, New NPU 4 Brings More AI Performance"
.
www.anandtech.com
. Retrieved
4 June
2024
.
- ^
MediaTek.
"MediaTek Announces New Pentonic Smart TV Family with New Pentonic 2000 for Flagship 8K 120Hz TVs"
.
www.prnewswire.com
(Press release)
. Retrieved
20 November
2021
.
- ^
de Looper, Christian (10 November 2022).
"MediaTek wants to power next-generation TVs and Chromebooks"
.
BGR
.
- ^
"MediaTek Kompanio 838 and Pentonic 800 chipsets announced"
.
www.fonearena.com
. Retrieved
5 June
2024
.
- ^
Roy, Avik (20 August 2022).
"MediaTek launches Pentonic 700 chip for 4K televisions"
.
TechnoSports
.
- ^
"Realtek Launches World's First 4K UHD Set-top Box SoC (RTD1319D) Supports VVC/H.266 Video Decoding, GPU with 10-bit Graphics, Multiple CAS, and HDMI 2.1a"
.
Realtek
. 29 August 2022
. Retrieved
5 September
2022
.
- ^
"VeriSilicon delivered multi-format hardware video decoder Hantro VC9000D supporting 8K@120FPS VVC/H.266 to customers"
.
www.verisilicon.com
. Retrieved
21 March
2023
.
- ^
"Hantro VC9800D"
.
www.verisilicon.com
. Retrieved
9 January
2024
.
- ^
"Brazilian SBTVD Forum Selects V-Nova LCEVC for Brazil's Upcoming TV 3.0"
.
digitalmediaworld.tv
. 13 January 2022.
- ^
"DVB adds the VVC (H.266) codec to its video standards, for 8K?"
. 24 February 2022.
- ^
"Next-gen video codec VVC (H.266) added to DVB tuner specification"
. 28 February 2022.
Further reading
[
edit
]
- HoangVan, Xiem; NguyenQuang, Sang; Pereira, Fernando (2020).
"Versatile Video Coding Based
Quality Scalability
With
Joint Layer Reference
"
(PDF)
.
IEEE Signal Processing Letters
.
27
: 2079?2083.
Bibcode
:
2020ISPL...27.2079H
.
doi
:
10.1109/LSP.2020.3039729
.
S2CID
228091515
.
- Lin, Wei-Ting; Liu, Zoe; Mukherjee, Debargha; Han, Jingning; Wilkins, Paul; Xu, Yaowu; Rose, Kenneth (March 2018).
"Efficient AV1 Video Coding Using a Multi-layer Framework"
(PDF)
.
2018 Data Compression Conference
. pp. 365?373.
doi
:
10.1109/DCC.2018.00045
.
ISBN
978-1-5386-4883-4
.
S2CID
50771252
.
External links
[
edit
]
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MPEG-1 Parts
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- Part 1: Systems
- Part 2: Video
- Part 3: Audio
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MPEG-2 Parts
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MPEG-4 Parts
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MPEG-7 Parts
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MPEG-21 Parts
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MPEG-D Parts
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MPEG-G Parts
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MPEG-H Parts
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MPEG-I Parts
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MPEG-5 Parts
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Other
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ITU
recommendations (standards)
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G series (ITU-T)
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H series (ITU-T)
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V series
(ITU-T)
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ITU-R
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ISO
standards
by standard number
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10000?19999
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