Malaeloa/Ituau, American Samoa

It??au
It??au
Village
	Etymology: Samoan : "War Side"
	It??au
	Coordinates: 14°21′05″S 170°46′55″W / 14.35139°S 170.78194°W
Country	United States
Territory	American Samoa
Island	Tutuila Island
Named for	Samoan Mythology
Area
? Land	.23 sq mi (0.6 km 2 )
Population (2010)
? Total	550
Time zone	UTC−11 ( Samoa Time Zone )
ZIP Code	96799
Area code	+1 684

It??au , together with Ait?lagi , make up the village of Malaeloa (long ceremonial-green).

Ait?lagi is the name of the famed family of high orator chiefs ( tama matua ) ^[1] from the Le?sina county.

It??au along with the villages of F?tiga, Taputimu and Vailoatai form the it?malo (county/district) o Tu?l?tai .

Although It??au and Ait?lagi align themselves with different counties, today they operate together in many respects as one village under the name of Malaeloa.

Tutuila Deed of Cession [ edit ]

Amituana?i of It??au was a signatory to the Tutuila Deed of Cession of 1900. ^[2]

Etymology [ edit ]

It??au can literally be translated as "war side". ^[3] The it??au and the al?taua (war path) were roles assumed by allied villages or districts during times of conflict. This was a common practice throughout pre-contact Samoa, ^[4]^[5] with its roots in the first M?lietoa government. ^[6] The function of the it??au role can be described as a "controller of troops", ^[6] whereas the al?taua role can be described as a "director of wars". ^[6] These functions were carried out by the tulafale (talking chiefs) of the villages or districts designated with these respective roles. ^[3]

Historical Sites [ edit ]

The Malaeloa It??au Olo Site (or defensive fortification), which was nominated for the National Register of Historic Places in 2015, ^[7] is supported by Samoan cultural histories and oral traditions relating to interregional conflicts and defenses against cannibalism during pre-contact periods. It was built to protect villagers from Tuife?ai, the legendary cannibal king of Tutuila, and his aumaga (army). ^[8]

Demographics [ edit ]

Year	Population ^[9]
2010	550
2000	627
1990	523
1980	467

References [ edit ]

^ Sunia, Fofo I.F. (2009). A History of American Samoa. Amerika Samoa Humanities Council. Page 35. ISBN 9781573062992
^ Sunia, Fofo I.F. (2009). A History of American Samoa. Amerika Samoa Humanities Council. Page 363. ISBN 9781573062992
^ ^a ^b Maliko, Tavita (2012), O le Soga'miti, PHD Thesis, Page 140
^ Williamson, R. W. (1967). The Social and Political Systems of Central Polynesia. Netherlands: Anthropological Publications, Page 82
^ Turner, G. (1884). Samoa, a Hundred Years Ago and Long Before: Together with Notes on the Cults and Customs of Twenty-three Other Islands in the Pacific. United Kingdom: Macmillan, Page 189
^ ^a ^b ^c "Tumua and Pule. ? Construction and significance in the Political history of Samoa | NZETC" . nzetc.victoria.ac.nz .
^ "National Register of Historic Places; Notification of Pending Nominations and Related Actions" . Federal Register. 24 December 2015 . Retrieved 22 March 2022 .
^ "Malaeloa Olo, U.S. National Register of Historic Properties, Accepted 1-5-2016" . National Park Service . Retrieved 22 March 2022 .
^ "American Samoa Statistical Yearbook 2015" (PDF) . American Samoa Department of Commerce .

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[1] Sunia, Fofo I.F. (2009). A History of American Samoa. Amerika Samoa Humanities Council. Page 35. ISBN 9781573062992

[2] Sunia, Fofo I.F. (2009). A History of American Samoa. Amerika Samoa Humanities Council. Page 363. ISBN 9781573062992

[auto1-3] Maliko, Tavita (2012), O le Soga'miti, PHD Thesis, Page 140

[4] Williamson, R. W. (1967). The Social and Political Systems of Central Polynesia. Netherlands: Anthropological Publications, Page 82

[5] Turner, G. (1884). Samoa, a Hundred Years Ago and Long Before: Together with Notes on the Cults and Customs of Twenty-three Other Islands in the Pacific. United Kingdom: Macmillan, Page 189

[auto-6] "Tumua and Pule. ? Construction and significance in the Political history of Samoa | NZETC" . nzetc.victoria.ac.nz .

[7] "National Register of Historic Places; Notification of Pending Nominations and Related Actions" . Federal Register. 24 December 2015 . Retrieved 22 March 2022 .

[8] "Malaeloa Olo, U.S. National Register of Historic Properties, Accepted 1-5-2016" . National Park Service . Retrieved 22 March 2022 .

[9] "American Samoa Statistical Yearbook 2015" (PDF) . American Samoa Department of Commerce .

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