Help : IPA/Cantonese

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The following tables list the International phonetic Alphabet used for Cantonese . Refer to {{ IPAc-yue }} for a template converting Jyutping to IPA.

Key [ edit ]

Initial consonants [i]
IPA J Y Examples [ii]
f f [j?t?? ŋam?? j?t?? f ?t??] 一岩一 窟
h h [lej?? h ?ŋ?? lej?? lat??] 離 行 離?
j j y [iii] [f?t?? t?w? j ?w?? f???] 佛都 有 火
k g [maj?? siw?? k in? siw??] 買少 見 少
k? k [ k? ??? ŋ?w?? w?n?? ma??] 騎 牛?馬
k? gw [m?ŋ? t?in? ta?? k? a?] 望天打 卦
k?? kw [ k?? ?n?? maj??] 群 埋
l l [fat?? l ?ŋ? l ?j??] 發 狼戾
m m [l??? j?n?? l??? m ?t??] 累人累 物
n n [mej? j?w?? n ?j??] 未有 耐
ŋ ng [taj? ŋ ?n? tsi?? ji??] 大 安 旨意
p b [tsa? s??? p an? m?ŋ??] 詐? 扮 ?
p? p [j?t?? p? ?w? ts??ŋ? t?j??] 一 鋪 ?袋
s [iv] s [l?k?? s ?w?? l?k?? kœk??] 落 手 落?
t d [m?n? t ?w? f?n?] 蚊 都 ?
t? t [h?w?? h?w?? t? ?j?? t? ?j??] 好好 ??
ts [v] z j [lin? ts ?ŋ? h?k?? lan??] 練 精 學懶
ts? [vi] c ch [m?w?? ts? ?ŋ?? pak?? si?] 無 情 白事
w w [ w a? t?k?? maj??] 話 得埋
Vocalic finals [i]
IPA J Y Examples [ii]
a aa a [ŋ?n? l?k?? ts? a ?? fan?] 安樂 茶 飯
a j [vii] aai [j?n?? s?j? k??j?? t aj ?] 人細鬼 大
a w [vii] aau [l?w?? m aw ? siw? s?w?] 老 ? 燒鬚
? e [f??? ts ? ? ŋan??] 火 遮 眼
e j [vii] ei [l?m?? m ej ?? hœŋ?] 臨 尾 香
? j [vii] ai [ts?t?? t??w?? ts?t?? s ?j ?] 窒頭窒 勢
? w [vii] au [ŋan? ts ?w ?] 晏 晝
i i [t?ŋ? s i ?? t?ŋ? h?w?] 定 時 定候
i w [vii] iu [t iw ? j?n??] 吊 ?
? o [ts?w? m ? ? s?m?] 做 磨 心
œ oe eu [k œ ? p?a??] 鋸 ?
? j [vii] oi [p?? l??? k ?j ?] ?蘿 蓋
? w [vii] ou [ts ?w ? h ?w ?? ts ?w ? ts??w??] 做好做 醜
? ? [viii] [vii] eoi eui [j?m?? paw?? s?k??? ts ?? ?] ?飽食 醉
u u [k u ? m?t?? l?n?] 姑 勿論
u j ui [m uj ?? fa? kan? ts?k??] 梅 花間竹
y yu [m?k?? k??ŋ? ts y ?] 剝光 ?
Nasal finals [i]
IPA J Y Examples [ii]
- m m m [pun?? tej? kœŋ? m ?? lat??] 本地薑 ? 辣
a m aam [ŋ am ?? ts? am ??] 岩?
? m am [j ?m ?? t??w?? tam? t??ŋ?] ? 頭啖湯
i m im [ts im ? h?n?? ts im ? t?ŋ?] 沾 寒 沾 凍
- n a n aan [mej?? ts?ŋ? ŋ an ?? k?ej??] 眉精 眼 企
? n an [j?w?? m ?n ?? j?w?? l?w?] 有 紋 有路
i n in [l?j?? ji? p in ?] 禮衣 邊
? n [viii] eon eun [n?w?? ts ?n ? l?k?? j?m??] ? 盡 六壬
? n on [fat?? ts?in?? h ?n ??] 發錢 寒
u n un [m??? m un ?? t?ŋ?] 摸 門 釘
y n yun [ŋan?? j yn ?] 眼 ?
- ŋ ŋ ng [ ŋ ?? ŋ ?? p??] 五五 波
a ŋ aang [h aŋ ?? ts?a? tap?? ts???] 行 差踏錯
? ŋ ang [ts ?ŋ ? h?ŋ?] 贈 興
? ŋ eng [f?n? l?j?? k ?ŋ ??] ?? 頸
? ŋ ing [tsi? tsi? ts ?ŋ ?? ts ?ŋ ??] 姿姿 整整
? ŋ ong [m?w?? s?m? ts ?ŋ ? ts?j?] ?心裝 載
œ ŋ oeng eung [jim?? m?ŋ? ts? œŋ ??] 嫌命 長
? ŋ ung [kan? ts ?ŋ ?] 間 中
Checked finals [i]
IPA J Y Examples [ii]
- p? a p? aap [m?w?? t ap? ? s ap? ?] ? 搭?
? p? ap [l?k?? jy?? si? s ?p? ?] 落雨斯 濕
i p? ip [t ip? ? mai?? s?m? s????] 疊 埋心水
- t? a t? aat [l at? ? t? at? ?] ??
? t? at [t?ŋ? s ?t? ? l?w?] 蕩 失 路
i t? it [p?k?? ts? it? ? ts? it? ?] 薄 切切
? t? [viii] eot eut [ts ?t? ? tsi?] 卒 之
? t? ot [h ?t? ? si??] 渴 市
u t? ut [ŋan?? f ut? ? t??w?? tsak??] 眼 闊 ?窄
y t? yut [wat?? l yt? ? l yt? ?] 滑 ??
- k? a k? aak [mej?? t??w?? ŋan?? ŋ ak? ?] 眉頭眼 額
? k? ak [j?t?? j?t?? t?w? h ?k? ?] 一日到 黑
? k? ek [m??? lan? ts ?k? ?] 磨爛 蓆
? k? ik [t ?k?? ? hej?? s?m? k?n?] 的 起心肝
œ k? oek euk [ts?w?? ts?w?? ts?w?? ts œk? ?] 早走早 着
? k? ok [t?w?? ts?in?? l ?k? ? h?j??] 倒錢 落 海
? k? uk [p ?k? ? ji? j?n?] 伏 伊人
Tones [ix]
IPA Numeric
contours 		Tonal
categories 		J Y Examples [ii]
? 55 陰平 ? 1 ? [t?ŋ?? s?m? t?ŋ?? f?j?] 頂 心 頂肺
?? 25 陰上 ? 2 u [w?j? s???? si?? ] 威 水史
? 33 陰去 ? 3 u [l?ŋ? l?ŋ? la? la? ] ?? ??
?? 21 陽平 ? 4 uh [ jim?? ts?in?? s?ŋ?] 嫌 錢腥
?? 23 陽上 ? 5 uh [ m?w?? ŋa?? tse? t??w??] ?瓦 遮頭
? 22 陽去 ? 6 uh [ wa? t??w?? s?ŋ?? mej??] 話 頭醒尾

Notes [ edit ]

  1. ^ a b c d This list of consonant inventories and vowel inventories are based on 香港?語大詞典 (2018). [1] The transcriptions of vowels, consonants and tones in IPA, Jyutping (J) and Yale romanization (Y) are based on Cantonese: A Comprehensive Grammar, 2nd ed. (2011) [2] and 香港?語大詞典 (2018).
  2. ^ a b c d e Glosses are displayed over the dotted line. (Instructions: for desktop computers, hover your mouse cursor over it; for iOS mobile browsers, request desktop website on your toolbar and then click on the dotted line; for Android mobile browsers, it is unavailable). Vocabulary examples are drawn from 香港?語大詞典 (2018). [3]
  3. ^ Omitted when it precedes the nucleus [y].
  4. ^ [ s ] appears as [ ? ] in other sources. [1] [2]
  5. ^ [ ts ] appears as [ t? ] in other sources. [1] [2]
  6. ^ [ ts? ] appears as [ t?? ] in other sources. [1] [2]
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i The gliding non-syllables may be less explicitly transcribed with syllables, such that the non-syllabic [ j ] represented as syllabic [ i ] , [ w ] as [ u ] , and [ ? ] as [ y ] .
  8. ^ a b c [ ? ] appears as [ ø ] in other sources. [1] [2]
  9. ^ The so-called 7th, 8th and 9th tones are not officially marked as such in Jyutping (J) [2] and Yale romanization (Y). [1] They are officially marked as the 1st, 3rd and 6th tones respectively. [1]

References [ edit ]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g 張勵?; 倪列懷; 潘禮美 (2018). 香港?語大詞典 . Hong Kong: 天地圖書. p.?648-650.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Matthews, Stephen; Yip, Virginia (2011). Cantonese: A Comprehensive Grammar, 2nd edition . New York: Routledge. p.?461-463.
  3. ^ 張勵?; 倪列懷; 潘禮美 (2018). 香港?語大詞典 . Hong Kong: 天地圖書. p.?41-622.

See also [ edit ]

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