From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sovereign entity maintaining diplomatic relations worldwide
The
Sovereign Military Order of Malta
(SMOM) is a
sovereign
entity
maintaining
diplomatic relations
with 113 sovereign states (including the
Holy See
).
[1]
Additionally, it has
observer status
or representation at multiple
intergovernmental organisations
.
[2]
The Order has non-diplomatic official relations with five more states:
France
,
Belgium
,
Switzerland
,
Luxembourg
and
Canada
.
[1]
[3]
The Order exchanges ambassadors with the
European Union
and the
State of Palestine
.
[1]
[2]
Some states recognize SMOM as a sovereign state, rather than a sovereign subject of international law. For example, the Republic of San Marino in 1935 recognized SMOM as a sovereign state in its own right.
[4]
[5]
[6]
As Italy recognizes, in addition to extraterritoriality, the exercise by SMOM of all the prerogatives of sovereignty in its headquarters, Italian sovereignty and SMOM sovereignty uniquely coexist without overlapping.
[7]
As of June 2010
[update]
, nine
Schengen
states did not recognize the diplomatic
passports of the Order
: Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Greece, France, Finland, Sweden, Iceland, and Switzerland.
[8]
Bilateral relations
[
edit
]
Diplomatic relations
[
edit
]
Other countries
[
edit
]
#
|
Name
|
Diplomatic relations established
|
Notes
|
1
|
Ecuador
|
29 July 1953
[18]
|
On 10 February 2012, President
Rafael Correa
issued a decree to withdraw recognition and initiate the process of canceling relations,
[79]
starting from May.
[1]
Later on, the relations were restored by President
Lenin Moreno
on 24 September 2019.
[80]
|
?
|
European Union
|
1987
|
Ambassador level relations.
[2]
|
2
|
Italy
|
12 June 1956
[20]
|
The
Supreme Court of Cassation
decreed on 6 June 1974 that, "the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Malta constitutes a sovereign international subject, in all terms equal, even if without territory, to a foreign state with which Italy has normal diplomatic relations, so there is no doubt, as already this Supreme Court has warned, that it has the legal treatment of foreign states".
[81]
As Italy recognizes, in addition to extraterritoriality, the exercise by SMOM of all the prerogatives of sovereignty in its headquarters, Italian sovereignty and SMOM sovereignty uniquely coexist without overlapping.
[7]
|
?
|
Palestinian Authority
|
|
Ambassador level relations.
[1]
|
Official relations
[
edit
]
Name
|
Official relations established
|
Region
|
Notes
|
France
|
1982
|
Europe
|
France does not recognise the SMOM as a subject of international law.
[82]
|
Unofficial relations
[
edit
]
The Order of Malta has unofficial relations with
Taiwan
through the
Embassy of the Republic of China to the Holy See
in
Rome
(
Italy
).
[83]
Countries without established relations
[
edit
]
Countries with which the Order currently has no established relations:
- Europe:
Andorra
,
Denmark
,
Finland
,
Iceland
,
Ireland
,
Netherlands
(recognises as a knightly order),
[84]
Norway
,
Sweden
,
Switzerland
,
United Kingdom
- Africa:
Algeria
,
Botswana
,
Burundi
,
Djibouti
,
Eswatini
,
Ghana
,
Libya
,
Malawi
,
Nigeria
,
Rwanda
,
South Africa
,
Tanzania
,
Uganda
,
Zambia
,
Zimbabwe
- Asia:
Azerbaijan
,
Bahrain
,
Bangladesh
,
Bhutan
,
Brunei
,
Indonesia
,
India
,
Iran
,
Iraq
,
Israel
,
Japan
,
Kuwait
,
Kyrgyzstan
,
Laos
,
Malaysia
,
Maldives
,
Mongolia
(accepts its stamps),
[85]
Myanmar
,
Nepal
,
North Korea
,
Oman
,
Pakistan
,
People's Republic of China
,
Qatar
,
Saudi Arabia
,
Singapore
,
South Korea
,
Sri Lanka
,
Syria
,
Taiwan
,
Turkey
,
Tunisia
,
United Arab Emirates
,
Uzbekistan
,
Vietnam
,
Yemen
- Oceania:
Australia
,
Cook Islands
,
Fiji
,
New Zealand
,
Niue
,
Palau
,
Papua New Guinea
,
Samoa
,
Solomon Islands
,
Tonga
,
Tuvalu
,
Vanuatu
- The Americas:
Barbados
,
Dominica
,
Jamaica
,
Mexico
,
Saint Kitts and Nevis
,
Trinidad and Tobago
,
United States of America
Intergovernmental organizations
[
edit
]
The Order of Malta has observer status at the following organizations:
[2]
The Order of Malta has delegations or representations to the following organizations:
[2]
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
Sovereign Military Order of Malta.
"Bilateral relations"
.
orderofmalta.int
. Retrieved
20 February
2018
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
Sovereign Military Order of Malta.
"Multilateral relations"
.
orderofmalta.int
. Retrieved
20 February
2018
.
- ^
Canada, Global Affairs (2015-10-19).
"Canada and the Order of Malta"
.
GAC
. Retrieved
2024-03-14
.
- ^
Cansacchi, Giorgio (1940).
Il diritto di legazione attivo e passivo dell'Ordine de Malta
. p. 65.
- ^
Astraudo, A. (1935). "Saint-marin et l'Ordre de Malte".
La Revue Diplomatique
.
7
.
- ^
Cox, Noel S.B., The Continuing Question of Sovereignty and the Sovereign Military Order of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta (June 2008). Available at SSRN:
https://ssrn.com/abstract=1140462
or
http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1140462
- ^
a
b
Arocha, Magaly (May 1999).
"La Orden de Malta y su Naturaleza Juridica (The Order of Malta and Its Legal Nature)"
. Caracas, Distrito Capital, Venezuela: Analitica.com.
Archived
from the original on 1 August 2015
. Retrieved
1 October
2012
.
- ^
"Council of the European Union - Schengen Visa Working Party - Table of travel documents"
. p. 31. Archived from
the original
on 2012-01-14
. Retrieved
2022-09-10
.
- ^
"Diplomatic relations of the Holy See"
. Retrieved
5 September
2022
.
- ^
"Diplomatic Relations of Romania"
. Retrieved
2 July
2022
.
- ^
de Bethencourt, Marcos Fernandez (2019).
La orden de Malta: Estatuto Juridico internacional
(in Spanish). Editorial Sanz Y Torres. p. 296.
- ^
a
b
c
de Bethencourt, Marcos Fernandez (2019).
La orden de Malta: Estatuto Juridico internacional
(in Spanish). Editorial Sanz Y Torres. p. 296.
- ^
"RELACIONES DIPLOMATICAS DE LA REPUBLICA DE PANAMA"
(PDF)
. p. 195. Archived from
the original
(PDF)
on 6 August 2020
. Retrieved
30 November
2021
.
- ^
"Biblioteca Digital de Tratados"
(in Spanish)
. Retrieved
27 June
2023
.
- ^
"Decreto nº 30403 de 17/01/1952 / PE - Poder Executivo Federal"
(in Portuguese)
. Retrieved
25 January
2024
.
- ^
"Soberana Orden Militar y Hospitalaria de San Juan de Jerusalen, de Rodas y de Malta"
(in Spanish)
. Retrieved
29 June
2023
.
- ^
"Jefe del Estado recibe cartas credenciales de embajador de la orden de Malta"
(in Spanish). 26 June 2008
. Retrieved
20 November
2023
.
- ^
a
b
"Dictamen N. 017-13-DTI-CC"
(PDF)
(in Spanish). 3 July 2013. p. 2
. Retrieved
25 January
2024
.
- ^
Memoria
(in Spanish). Chile. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores. 1956. p. 432.
- ^
a
b
"Giovedi - 12 Iuglio 1956: Il Presidente della Repubblica riceve in udienza"
(in Italian)
. Retrieved
20 November
2023
.
- ^
Francisco, Jorge; Carbonell, Saenz (2013).
Historia diplomatica de Costa Rica (1948-1970)
(in Spanish). UNA. p. 119.
- ^
Memoria
(in Spanish). 1957. p. 51.
- ^
"Relaciones Diplomaticas de Guatemala"
(in Spanish)
. Retrieved
24 July
2021
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
s
t
u
v
w
x
y
z
aa
ab
ac
ad
ae
af
ag
ah
de Bethencourt, Marcos Fernandez (2019).
La orden de Malta: Estatuto Juridico internacional
(in Spanish). Editorial Sanz Y Torres. pp. 302?309.
- ^
Yegros, Ricardo Scavone (2011).
Representantes Diplomaticos Paraguayos : nomina de los jefes de Misiones Diplomaticas de la Republica del Paraguay
(PDF)
(in Spanish). Archived from
the original
(PDF)
on 9 October 2012
. Retrieved
15 July
2023
.
- ^
"Memoria anual 2015"
(PDF)
(in Spanish). 2015. p. 19-25. Archived from
the original
(PDF)
on 7 May 2019.
- ^
"Ordem de Malta"
(in Portuguese)
. Retrieved
9 July
2022
.
- ^
Bolivia, 4-5
(in Spanish). 1964.
- ^
"The Republic of the Philippines and the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta celebrate 55 years of formal diplomatic relations today, April 24!"
. 24 April 2020
. Retrieved
24 April
2020
.
- ^
The Malta Year Book
. St. Michael's College Publications. 1984. p. 105.
- ^
Bulletin de l'Afrique noire, 627?651
(in French). 1971.
Prochaine ouverture de relations diplomatiques, au niveau des ambassades, entre le Niger et l'Ordre de Malte...
- ^
Marches tropicaux et mediterraneens, 27
(in French). 1971. p. 766.
- ^
Bulletin de l'Afrique noire, 743?762
(in French). Ediafric. 1973.
Ouverture de relations diplomatiques, au niveau des ambassades, entre le Togo et l'Ordre souverain de Malte.
- ^
Revue francaise d'etudes politiques africaines, 33?137
. Societe africaine d'edition. 1977. p. 14.
- ^
Mauritius Directory of the Diplomatic Corps; High Commissions, Embassies, Consulates, International Organization[s]
. 1988. p. 124.
- ^
"?????????????? ????????? ??? ?????"
(in Thai)
. Retrieved
19 November
2023
.
- ^
"Rapporti bilaterali della Repubblica di San Marino"
(in Italian)
. Retrieved
15 December
2021
.
- ^
Sub-Saharan Africa Report Issues 75-81
. United States. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1986. p. 9.
... The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Guinea has the pleasure of informing the nation and the world that the Republic of Guinea and the Sovereign Order of Malta ... have decided to establish diplomatic relations at ambassadorial level as of 24 June 1986.
- ^
Petruf, Pavol.
?eskoslovenska zahrani?na politika 1945 ? 1992
(in Slovak). pp. 99?119.
- ^
Daily Report: East Europe
. Vol. 12. 1992. p. 397.
- ^
"Odpowied? na zapytanie w sprawie stanu stosunkow dyplomatycznych utrzymywanych przez Rzeczpospolit? Polsk? z Suwerennym Zakonem Rycerskim Szpitalnikow im. Jana Jerozolimskiego, zwanym Zakonem Malta?skim"
.
Orka2.sejm.gov.pl
. Retrieved
2017-01-11
.
- ^
"List of countries with which Lithuania has established diplomatic relations"
.
Archived
from the original on 10 January 2022
. Retrieved
10 January
2022
.
- ^
đogi?, Mojca Pristavec (September 2016).
"Priznanja samostojne Slovenije"
(PDF)
(in Slovenian)
. Retrieved
11 July
2023
.
- ^
"Мальтийские Игры"
.
Hist.ru
. Retrieved
2017-01-11
.
- ^
"MVPEI"
. Archived from
the original
on 2010-08-13
. Retrieved
2011-12-18
.
- ^
"?taty a teritoria"
(in Slovak)
. Retrieved
26 May
2023
.
- ^
"Страны, установившие дипломатические отношения с Республикой Казахстан"
(in Russian). Archived from
the original
on 20 February 2020
. Retrieved
30 April
2022
.
- ^
"Order of Malta presents credentials"
. 4 June 2019
. Retrieved
22 July
2023
.
- ^
"Katalogu i Dokumentacionit i Vitit 1994"
(PDF)
(in Albanian). p. 42
. Retrieved
20 November
2023
.
- ^
"Twenty Years of Diplomatic Relations: the Grand Master Receives the Vice President of Bulgaria"
. 11 November 2014
. Retrieved
14 July
2022
.
- ^
"Dates of establishment and renewal of diplomatic relations"
.
mfa.gov.lv
. 1 July 2021
. Retrieved
5 October
2022
.
- ^
a
b
c
de Bethencourt, Marcos Fernandez (2019).
La orden de Malta: Estatuto Juridico internacional
(in Spanish). Editorial Sanz Y Torres. p. 308.
- ^
"ODR?AN XXIX. MEđUNARODNI LJETNI KAMP ZA HENDIKEPIRANE MLADE OSOBE"
(in Bosnian). 5 October 2012
. Retrieved
20 November
2023
.
- ^
"Diplomatic Relations Register (4)"
. 24 January 2014
. Retrieved
21 November
2023
.
- ^
"FSM Diplomatic Relations List"
.
Fsmgov.org
. Retrieved
20 February
2015
.
- ^
"Sovereign Military Order of Malta"
. Retrieved
20 November
2023
.
- ^
"Bilateral relations"
. Archived from
the original
on 19 June 2022
. Retrieved
1 September
2022
.
- ^
"Lijst van Diplomatieke Betrekkingen en Visum-afschaffingsovereenkomsten"
(PDF)
.
gov.sr
(in Dutch). Archived from
the original
(PDF)
on 16 April 2019
. Retrieved
22 December
2021
.
- ^
"Diplomatic relations"
. Archived from
the original
on 16 February 2019
. Retrieved
21 April
2021
.
- ^
Primul Ambasador al Republicii Moldova pe lang? Ordinul Suveran Militar de Malta ? decorat cu o inalt? distinc?ie (foto)
(in Romanian)
.
- ^
"Bilateral cooperation"
.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Serbia
. Retrieved
24 December
2021
.
- ^
"LIST OF STATES WITH WHICH THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN ESTABLISHED DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS"
(PDF)
. Retrieved
13 November
2023
.
- ^
"LISTING OF ALL COUNTRIES WHICH HAVE ESTABLISHED DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH THE REPUBLIC OF THE MARSHALL ISLANDS (As of 13 February 2019)"
. Archived from
the original
on 18 July 2023
. Retrieved
3 September
2023
.
- ^
"Full diplomatic relations established between the Order of Malta and Jordan"
. 2 July 2003
. Retrieved
19 November
2023
.
- ^
"Relations diplomatiques entre l'Ordre de Malte et l'Angola"
(in French). 15 December 2005
. Retrieved
19 July
2023
.
- ^
"Tabela priznanja i uspostavljanja diplomatskih odnosa"
. Montenegro Ministry of Foreign Affairs and European Integration. Archived from
the original
on 13 February 2020
. Retrieved
16 April
2021
.
- ^
"The Order of Malta establishes diplomatic relations with Timor-Leste"
. 21 September 2006. Archived from
the original
on 25 December 2021
. Retrieved
25 December
2021
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
"Activity report 2010"
(PDF)
. April 2010. p. 90
. Retrieved
21 November
2023
.
- ^
"Rapport de Politique Exterieure 2007"
(in French). p. 44
. Retrieved
11 October
2020
.
- ^
Sovereign Military Order of Malta (6 June 2012).
"Diplomatic relations between the Republic of Cyprus and the Sovereign Order of Malta formally established"
.
orderofmalta.int
. Retrieved
20 February
2015
.
- ^
Sovereign Military Order of Malta (17 November 2014).
"The Order of Malta strengthens its action in South Sudan three years after the birth of the nation"
.
orderofmalta.int
. Retrieved
2017-01-11
.
- ^
Sovereign Military Order of Malta (12 November 2015).
"Establishment of diplomatic relations with Grenada"
.
orderofmalta.int
. Retrieved
2017-01-11
.
- ^
Sovereign Military Order of Malta (15 November 2017).
"Official Visit of the German Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel, for the opening of diplomatic relations between Germany and the Order of Malta"
.
orderofmalta.int
. Retrieved
2017-11-15
.
- ^
"Diplomatic relations between the Sovereign Order of Malta and the Republic of Nauru"
.
orderofmalta.int
. 11 October 2018.
- ^
Sovereign Military Order of Malta (11 March 2020).
"Estonia and Sovereign Order of Malta establish diplomatic relations"
.
- ^
Sovereign Military Order of Malta (4 December 2021).
"Sovereign Order of Malta announces opening of diplomatic relations with Hellenic Republic"
.
orderofmalta.int
. Retrieved
4 December
2021
.
- ^
"Order of Malta's mission to the UN in New York announces opening of diplomatic ties with the Kingdom of Lesotho"
. 7 December 2021
. Retrieved
12 December
2021
.
- ^
"The Order of Malta announces the opening of diplomatic relations with the Republic of The Gambia"
. Sovereign Order of Malta. 21 September 2023.
- ^
"La Orden Soberana de Malta"
.
Elcomercio.com
. Retrieved
2017-01-11
.
- ^
Sovereign Military Order of Malta (24 September 2019).
"A renewed friendship between Ecuador and the Order of Malta"
.
orderofmalta.int
.
- ^
"Corte Suprema di Cassazione; Sezioni unite civili; sentenza 6 giugno 1974, n. 1653"
(PDF)
.
Il Foro Italiano
.
98
(6): 1471/1472?1475/1476. June 1975. Archived from
the original
(PDF)
on 12 May 2022
. Retrieved
10 April
2022
.
- ^
"The Sovereignty of the Order of Malta"
.
Heraldica.org
. Retrieved
2017-01-11
.
- ^
"Donation to the Holy Family Hospital from the Republic of China (Taiwan)"
.
orderofmalta.int
. Retrieved
2022-02-09
.
- ^
The
10 October 2017 decree of the Chancellor of the Dutch Orders
lists the SMOM as one of three "Recognised (knightly) orders" (Erkende (ridderlijke) orden) and authorises it members to wear their decorations in the Netherlands.
- ^
Sovereign Military Order of Malta.
"Associate Countries"
.
orderofmalta.int
. Archived from
the original
on 2012-03-09
. Retrieved
2017-01-11
.
Foreign relations of Europe
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Sovereign states
| |
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States with limited
recognition
| |
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Dependencies and
other entities
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Other entities
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